PBDB Collection

Poison Ivy Quarry (Miocene of the United States)

Also known as Ashfall; UNSM Ap-116

Where: Antelope County, Nebraska (42.3° N, 98.0° W)

• Paleocoordinates: 44.9° N, 92.7° W (Wright 2013)

• coordinate based on political unit

• small collection-level geographic resolution

When: Cap Rock Member (Ash Hollow Formation), Clarendonian (12.5 - 9.4 Ma)

Environment/lithology: terrestrial

Primary reference: M. R. Voorhies. 1990. Vertebrate biostratigraphy of the Ogallala Group in Nebraska. In T. C. Gustavson (ed.), Geologic Framework and Regional Hydrology: Upper Cenozoic Blackwater Draw and Ogallala Formations, Great Plains 115-151 [J. Alroy/J. Alroy/J. Marcot]more details

Purpose of describing collection: general faunal/floral analysis

PaleoDB collection 18324: authorized by John Alroy, entered by John Alroy on 05.08.1992, edited by Anna Behrensmeyer and Patricia Holroyd

Creative Commons license: CC0 (CC0)

Taxonomic list

• most of the small mammals are from the sandstone level beneath the main ash layer

•">20" horse skeletons in total

•Perkins 1998 "tentatively" correlates the main ash bed with the Ibex Hollow ash bed, dated in Idaho at 11.93 +/- 0.03 Ma (SCLF Ar/Ar)

•list of Voorhies 1985 differs considerably, but in most cases because of preliminary identifications; however, "cf. Leptocyon sp." is omitted by Voorhies 1990 and is of unclear status

Show authors, comments, and common names

Angiospermae
Poales - Poaceae	Berriochloa communis⁴, Berriochloa primaeva⁴ Berriochloa communis⁴ grass from gut contents Berriochloa primaeva⁴ grass from gut contents
Mammalia
Proboscidea - Gomphotheriidae	cf. Eubelodon sp.⁴ cf. Eubelodon sp.⁴ Barbour 1914 gomphothere
Chiroptera - Vespertilionidae	Myotis sp.² Myotis sp.² Kaup 1829 vesper bat a bat
Soricomorpha - Talpidae	Talpidae indet. Talpidae indet. Fischer de Waldheim 1817 mole
Tribosphenida - Erinaceidae	Erinaceidae indet. Erinaceidae indet. Fischer von Waldheim 1817 hedgehog
Carnivora - Canidae	Cynarctus cf. voorhiesi⁴, Leptocyon sp.⁴ Cynarctus cf. voorhiesi⁴ Wang et al. 1999 bone-crushing dog Leptocyon sp.⁴ Matthew 1918 canine
Perissodactyla - Rhinocerotidae	Teleoceras major Teleoceras major Hatcher 1894 rhinoceros accords with Mead 1999a, Prothero 1989 pers. comm.
Perissodactyla - Equidae	"? Protohippus simus" = Protohippus supremus⁴, Pliohippus pernix, Cormohipparion occidentale⁴, Neohipparion affine, Pseudhipparion gratum "? Protohippus simus" = Protohippus supremus⁴ Leidy 1869 horse Pliohippus pernix Marsh 1874 horse agrees with JA pers. obs. 17.6.91; supported by Famoso and Pagnac, 2011 Cormohipparion occidentale⁴ Leidy 1856 hipparionine horse JA pers. obs.: "Cormohipparion occidentale"; new small, short notch species Neohipparion affine Leidy 1869 hipparionine horse JA pers. obs. 17.6.91; supported by Famoso and Pagnac, 2011 Pseudhipparion gratum Leidy 1869 hipparionine horse supported by Famoso and Pagnac, 2011
Artiodactyla - Camelidae	Protolabis heterodontus⁴, Megatylopus sp.⁴, Aepycamelus sp., Procamelus grandis Protolabis heterodontus⁴ Cope 1874 camel Megatylopus sp.⁴ Matthew and Cook 1909 camel Aepycamelus sp. Macdonald 1956 camel Procamelus grandis Gregory 1939 camel
Artiodactyla - Merycoidodontidae	"Merychyus novomexicanus" = Ustatochoerus medius novomexicanus¹ "Merychyus novomexicanus" = Ustatochoerus medius novomexicanus¹ Frick 1929 oreodont
Artiodactyla - Moschidae	Longirostromeryx wellsi Longirostromeryx wellsi Matthew 1904 musk deer
Rodentia - Cricetidae	Antecalomys phthanus³, Copemys sp.⁴ Antecalomys phthanus³ Korth 1998 rodent Copemys sp.⁴ Wood 1936 rodent from gut contents
Rodentia - Mylagaulidae	Ceratogaulus cf. anecdotus⁴ Ceratogaulus cf. anecdotus⁴ Korth 2000 rodent
Rodentia - Geomyidae	"Phelosaccomys hibbardi" = Parapliosaccomys hibbardi³ "Phelosaccomys hibbardi" = Parapliosaccomys hibbardi³ Storer 1973 pocket gopher
Rodentia - Heteromyidae	Mioheteromys cf. amplissimus³ Mioheteromys cf. amplissimus³ Korth 1997 rodent
Rodentia - Sciuridae	Ammospermophilus junturensis³, Spermophilus cyanocittus³ Ammospermophilus junturensis³ Shotwell and Russell 1963 antelope squirrel Spermophilus cyanocittus³ Korth 1997 ground squirrel
Lagomorpha - Ochotonidae	Hesperolagomys sp. Hesperolagomys sp. Clark et al. 1964 pika
Lagomorpha - Leporidae	Archaeolaginae indet.¹ Archaeolaginae indet.¹ rabbit
Reptilia
Squamata - Colubridae	Colubridae indet.⁴ Colubridae indet.⁴ Oppel 1811 colubrid snake
Squamata - Iguanidae	Sceloporus sp.⁴ Sceloporus sp.⁴ Wiegmann 1828 spiny lizard two species; from gut contents
Squamata - Teiidae	Cnemidophorus cf. sexlineatus⁴ Cnemidophorus cf. sexlineatus⁴ Linnaeus 1766 six-lined racerunner from gut contents
Squamata - Scincidae	Plestiodon sp.⁴ Plestiodon sp.⁴ Dumeril and Bibron 1839 skink from gut contents
Testudines - Emydidae	Chrysemys sp.⁴ Chrysemys sp.⁴ Gray 1844 painted turtle skeletons, said to be new sp.
Testudines - Testudinidae	Hesperotestudo orthopygia⁴ Hesperotestudo orthopygia⁴ Cope 1878 turtle ETE number of identifiable specimens; species: Testudinidae
Aves
Accipitriformes - Accipitridae	Apatosagittarius terrenus n. gen. n. sp.⁴, Anchigyps voorhiesi⁴ Apatosagittarius terrenus n. gen. n. sp.⁴ Feduccia and Voorhies 1989 hawk Anchigyps voorhiesi⁴ Zhang and Feduccia 2012 hawk
Gruiformes - Rallidae	Rallidae indet.⁴ Rallidae indet.⁴ Vigors 1825 rail
Gruiformes - Gruidae	Balearica exigua⁴ Balearica exigua⁴ crowned cranes

¹Alroy 2002; ²Czaplewski et al. 1999; ³Korth 1997; ⁴Tucker et al. 2014