Parent taxon: Cichlomorphae according to R. Betancur et al. 2013
See also Nelson et al. 2016
Sister taxon: Pholidichthyiformes
Subtaxa: Cichlidae
Ecology: nektonic omnivore
Distribution:
• Quaternary of the Congo-Kinshasa (5 collections), Egypt (1), Eritrea (1), Ethiopia (1), Kenya (7), Tanzania (3)
• Pliocene to Pleistocene of the Congo-Kinshasa (3), Uganda (1)
• Pliocene of Colombia (1), Ethiopia (1), Kenya (4), Tanzania (2), Uganda (2), Venezuela (1)
• Miocene to Pliocene of Chad (1), Tanzania (1), Uganda (8)
• Miocene of Colombia (1), Italy (2), Kenya (6), Peru (5), Uganda (2)
• Oligocene of Kenya (1), Oman (1), Peru (1)
• Eocene of Argentina (1), Canada (1: British Columbia), Libya (1), Namibia (1), United States (2: Washington, Wyoming)
Total: 68 collections including 70 occurrences