PBDB Collection

Quehue (Neogene of Argentina)

Also known as Quehué

Where: La Pampa, Argentina (37.0° S, 64.5° W)

• Paleocoordinates: 36.7° S, 62.9° W (Wright 2013)

• coordinate stated in text

• outcrop-level geographic resolution

When: Huayquerian mammal zone, Cerro Azul Formation, Huayquerian (8.0 - 5.0 Ma)

• Sostillo et al 2018: remains from Laguna Chillhué and Quehué (Pascual and Bondesio, 1982; Montalvo et al., 1995; Sostillo, 2016) were recovered from the lower levels of the Cerro Azul Formation and interpreted as fluvial facies (Deschamps et al., 2013; Sostillo et al., 2014).

•

•Romano et al. 2023: Biochronological methods were useful in ordering and estimating the age of the different faunas of the Cerro Azul Formation, ranging from ca. 8 to ca. 5.7 Ma. Some appear to be transitional between Chasicoan and “Huayquerian” faunas (Cerro La Bota, Cerro Patagua, and Algarrobo del Águila), and other three (Barrancas Coloradas, El Guanaco, and Caleufú) cover the latest Miocene, even some of them could have reached the earliest Pliocene. The Cerro Azul Formation localities cover the range between ca. 8 to ca. 5.7 Ma (late Tortonian–Messinian; Late Miocene; Fig. 3; Supplementary Online Information 1, Tab. S8). 6.826 Ma (6.474 - 7.311 Ma) for Quehue.

• group of beds-level stratigraphic resolution

Environment/lithology: fluvial; paleosol/pedogenic, nodular sandstone and siltstone

• Sostillo et al. 2018: The Cerro Azul Formation deposits (Linares et al., 1980)

•are discontinuous along the whole occupied area in the provinces of La Pampa and Buenos Aires (Fig. 2). They are composed of silts, sandy silts and very thin silty sands, reddish and brown colored, with a homogeneous and com- pact general aspect, and frequent carbonate nodules and evidences of pedogenic processes (Folguera and Zárate, 2009). Visconti et al. (2010) interpreted them as eolian de- posits characterized by loessic materials, with a high per- centage of lithic fragments and volcaniclastic sediments. Detailed geological and stratigraphic descriptions of the Cerro Azul Formation are provided by Linares et al. (1980), Goin et al. (2000), Visconti et al. (2010), and Folguera and Zárate (2009)

Size class: macrofossils

Collection methods: Esteban, et al. 2000: Todos los ejemplares analizados están depositados en

•la Cátedra de Geología Histórica de la Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales de la Universidad Nacional ele La Pampa, Argentina, cuyo acrónimo es GHUNLPam

Primary reference: F. J. Goin, C. I. Montalvo, and G. Visconti. 2000. Los marsupiales (Mammalia) del Mioceno Superior de la Formacion Cerro Azul(Provincia de La Pampa, Argentina). Estudios Geol 56:101-126 [C. Jaramillo/J. Carrillo/J. Carrillo]more details

Purpose of describing collection: paleoecologic analysis

PaleoDB collection 151500: authorized by Carlos Jaramillo, entered by Juan Carrillo on 04.10.2013, edited by Evangelos Vlachos, Miranta Kouvari, Grace Varnham, Philip Mannion and Kateryn Pino

Creative Commons license: CC0 (CC0)

Taxonomic list

Show authors, comments, and common names

Amphibia
Salientia - Ceratophrynidae	Lepidobatrachus sp.⁵ Lepidobatrachus sp.⁵ Budgett 1899 Budgett's frog GHUNLPam 8633, incomplete right maxilla
Mammalia
Didelphimorphia - Didelphidae	Hesperocynus dogolpolae⁷, Thylatheridium dolgopolae Hesperocynus dogolpolae⁷ opossum Thylatheridium dolgopolae Reig 1952 opossum
Sparassodonta - Thylacosmilidae	"Achlysictis cf. lelongi" = Thylacosmilus atrox "Achlysictis cf. lelongi" = Thylacosmilus atrox Riggs 1933 metatherian
Notoungulata - Hegetotheriidae	Tremacyllus impressus⁸, Paedotherium minor⁹ Tremacyllus impressus⁸ Ameghino 1888 notoungulate GHUNLPam 8195-6, 8642 Paedotherium minor⁹ Cabrera 1937 notoungulate GHUNLPam 812
Notoungulata - Mesotheriidae	Pseudotypotherium subinsigne⁹, "Typotheriopsis silveyrai" = Typotheriopsis chasicoensis⁹ Pseudotypotherium subinsigne⁹ Rovereto 1914 notoungulate "Typotheriopsis silveyrai" = Typotheriopsis chasicoensis⁹ Cabrera and Kraglievich 1931 notoungulate GHUNLPam 9154
Cingulata -	Aspidocalyptus castroi⁷, Coscinocercus sp.⁷ Aspidocalyptus castroi⁷ Cabrera 1939 edentate Coscinocercus sp.⁷ Cabrera 1939 edentate
Cingulata - Dasypodidae	Macrochorobates scalabrinii², Euphractini indet.¹⁰, Proeuphractus sp.², Zaedyus pichiy², Chorobates villosissimus², Macroeuphractus morenoi², Chasicotatus ameghinoi², Doellotatus inornatus² Macrochorobates scalabrinii² Moreno and Mercerat 1891 armadillo Euphractini indet.¹⁰ Winge 1923 armadillo Euphractini incertae sedis Proeuphractus sp.² Ameghino 1886 armadillo Zaedyus pichiy² Desmarest 1804 pichi Chorobates villosissimus² Reig 1958 armadillo Macroeuphractus morenoi² Lydekker 1894 armadillo Chasicotatus ameghinoi² Scillato-Yané 1977 armadillo Doellotatus inornatus² Rovereto 1914 armadillo
- Mylodontidae	Proscelidodon gracillimus³ Proscelidodon gracillimus³ Rovereto 1914 edentate GHUNLPam 9151
Rodentia - Chinchillidae	Lagostomus pretrichodactyla⁴, Lagostomus telenkechanum⁴ Lagostomus pretrichodactyla⁴ Rovereto 1914 viscacha GHUNLPam 5822 left mandible with p4-m3, GHUNLPam 5823 left mandible with p4-m3, GHUNLPam 14710 left mandible with i and p4-m3. Lagostomus telenkechanum⁴ Rasia and Candela 2017 viscacha GHUNLPam 5824 right mandible with i and p4, GHUNLPam 5874 right mandible with broken i and p4-m2.
Rodentia - Abrocomidae	Protabrocoma antiqua⁷ Protabrocoma antiqua⁷ Rovereto 1914 chinchilla rat
Rodentia - Echimyidae	Reigechimys plesiodon⁷ Reigechimys plesiodon⁷ Verzi et al. 1994 spiny rat
Rodentia - Octodontidae	Metacaremys calfucalel⁶, Phtoramys hidalguense⁷ Metacaremys calfucalel⁶ Piñero et al. 2021 caviomorph GHUNLPam 6663, 8552, 14372, 14374, 19119, 22760 Phtoramys hidalguense⁷ Pascual et al. 1965 caviomorph
Rodentia -	Neophanomys pristinus¹¹ Neophanomys pristinus¹¹ Verzi et al. 2011 caviomorph GHUNLPam 2948 - Neophanomys biplicatus according to ref 70240
Aves
Tinamiformes - Tinamidae	Nothura sp.¹ Nothura sp.¹ Wagler 1827 tinamou GHUNLPam 27042, distal portion of right humerus, GHUNLPam 5901/1, proximal portion of left tarsometatarsus, GHUNLPam 5901/2, distal portion of right tarsometatarsus

¹Cenizo et al. 2012; ²Esteban et al. 2000; ³Montalvo et al. 2020; ⁴Montalvo et al. 2023; ⁵Nicoli 2017; ⁶Piñero et al. 2021; ⁷Romano et al. 2023; ⁸Sostillo et al. 2018; ⁹Sostillo et al. 2021; ¹⁰Urrutia et al. 2008; ¹¹Verzi et al. 2011