PBDB Timescale

Obsolete Names for ICS Units

The interval definitions in this timescale are derived from the following sources:

W. B. Harland, R. L. Armstrong, A. V. Cox, L. E. Craig, A. G. Smith and D. G. Smith. 1990. A Geologic Time Scale 1989. view
K. M. Cohen, S.C. Finney, P.L. Gibbard and J.-X. Fan. 2023. The ICS International Chronostratigraphic Chart v2023/09. view
F. J. Prevosti, C. O. Romano, A. M. Forasiepi, S. Hemming, R. Bonini, A. M. Candela, E. Cerdeño, M. C. Madozzo Jaén, P. E. Ortiz, F. Pujos, L. Rasia, G. I. Schmidt, M. Taglioretti, R. D. E. MacPhee, and U. F. J. Pardiñas. 2021. New radiometric 40Ar–39Ar dates and faunistic analyses refine evolutionary dynamics of Neogene vertebrate assemblages in southern South America. Scientific Reports 2021(11):9830 view
J. J. Flynn and C. C. Swisher, III. 1995. Cenozoic South American Land Mammal Ages: correlation to global geochronology. Geochronology Time Scales and Global Stratigraphic Correlation, SEPM Special Publication 54:317-333 view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, M. D. Schmitz and G. M. Ogg. 2020. Geologic Time Scale 2020 view
B. D. Webby. 1998. Steps toward a global standard for Ordovician stratigraphy. Newsletters in Stratigraphy 36:1-33 view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, and A. G. Smith. 2004. A Geologic Time Scale 2004 1-589 view
J. Meng and M. C. McKenna. 1998. Faunal turnovers of Paleogene mammals from the Mongolian Plateau. Nature 394:364-367 view

There are 55 timescales which overlap this one. show

Interval boundaries marked with * have been interpolated based on the differences between the ages for international timescale boundaries quoted in the source and the currently accepted ages for those boundaries.

Interval names marked with † are no longer in current use.

This timescale is used in the definition of 92 collections

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International Chronostratigraphic Timescale			Obsolete Names for ICS Units			South American Land Mammal Ages		Ordovician of the Baltic				Carboniferous Subepochs	Permian Subages of Germany	Paleogene Mammal Ages of Asia
Quaternary	Pleistocene	Late Pleistocene				Lujanian										0.0117
		Chibanian				Lujanian										0.129
		Chibanian				Ensenadan										0.3 *
		Calabrian				Ensenadan										0.774
		Calabrian				Sanandresian	Uquian †									1.7 *
		Gelasian				Sanandresian										1.8
Neogene	Pliocene	Piacenzian	Tertiary †			Vorohuean										2.58
		Piacenzian				Chapadmalalan										2.9 *
		Zanclean				Chapadmalalan										3.6
						Montehermosan										3.7 *
						Huayquerian										4.9 *
	Miocene	Messinian														5.333
		Tortonian														7.246
						Chasicoan										7.9 *
						Mayoan										9.9 *
						Laventan										10.9 *
		Serravallian				Laventan										11.63
		Serravallian				Colloncuran										13.7 *
		Langhian				Colloncuran										13.82
		Langhian				Friasian										15.4 *
		Burdigalian				Friasian										15.98
						Santacrucian										16.2 *
						Colhuehuapian										17.4 *
		Aquitanian				Colhuehuapian										20.44
		Aquitanian				Deseadan										20.9 *
Paleogene	Oligocene	Chattian												Tabenbulakian	Hsandagolian	23.03
		Rupelian												Kekeamuan		27.82
		Rupelian				Tinguirirican								Kekeamuan		28.9 *
	Eocene	Priabonian				Tinguirirican								Houldjinian/Ergilian/Ulangochuian		33.9
		Priabonian				Divisaderan								Houldjinian/Ergilian/Ulangochuian		35.9 *
		Bartonian												Sharamurunian/Irdinmanhan/Arshantan		37.71
		Lutetian														41.2
		Lutetian				Mustersan										41.9 *
		Ypresian				Mustersan									Bumbanian	47.8
		Ypresian				Casamayoran									Bumbanian	47.9 *
	Paleocene	Thanetian				Riochican								Gashatan		56
						Itaboraian										56.9 *
						Peligran										58.9 *
		Selandian														59.2
		Danian														61.6
		Danian				Tiupampan										62.4 *
Cretaceous	Late Cretaceous	Maastrichtian														66
		Campanian														72.1
		Santonian														83.6
		Coniacian														86.3
		Turonian														89.8
		Cenomanian														93.9
	Early Cretaceous	Albian														100.5
		Aptian														113
		Barremian														121.4
		Hauterivian														125.77
		Valanginian														132.6
		Berriasian														139.8
Jurassic	Late Jurassic	Tithonian														145
		Kimmeridgian														149.2
		Oxfordian														154.8
	Middle Jurassic	Callovian														161.5
		Bathonian														165.3
		Bajocian														168.2
		Aalenian														170.9
	Early Jurassic	Toarcian														174.7
		Pliensbachian														184.2
		Sinemurian														192.9
		Hettangian														199.5
Triassic	Late Triassic	Rhaetian		201.4
		Norian		208.5
		Carnian		227
	Middle Triassic	Ladinian		237
	Middle Triassic	Anisian		242
	Early Triassic	Olenekian		247.2
	Early Triassic	Induan		251.2
Permian	Lopingian	Changhsingian		Buntsandstein	Meishanian		251.902
		Changhsingian			Baoqingian		253.4 *
		Wuchiapingian			Longtanian †		Laoshanian	254.14
		Wuchiapingian			Longtanian †		Laibinian	257.7 *
	Guadalupian	Capitanian			Ohre/Aller		Lengwuan	259.51
		Wordian			Leine		Kuhfengian	264.28
		Roadian					Kuhfengian	266.9
	Cisuralian	Kungurian					Luodianian	273.01
		Artinskian					Luodianian	283.5
		Artinskian					Longlinian	285.4 *
		Sakmarian					Longlinian	290.1
		Asselian					Zisongian	293.52
Carboniferous	Pennsylvanian	Gzhelian					Zisongian	Late Pennsylvanian	298.9
		Gzhelian							300.1
		Kasimovian							303.7
		Moscovian						Middle Pennsylvanian	307
		Bashkirian						Early Pennsylvanian	315.2
	Mississippian	Serpukhovian						Late Mississippian	323.2
		Visean						Middle Mississippian	330.9
		Tournaisian						Early Mississippian	346.7
Devonian	Late Devonian	Famennian							358.9
	Late Devonian	Frasnian							372.2
	Middle Devonian	Givetian							382.7
	Middle Devonian	Eifelian							387.7
	Early Devonian	Emsian							393.3
		Pragian							407.6
		Lochkovian							410.8
Silurian	Pridoli								419.2
	Ludlow	Ludfordian							423
	Ludlow	Gorstian							425.6
	Wenlock	Homerian							427.4
	Wenlock	Sheinwoodian							430.5
	Llandovery	Telychian							433.4
		Aeronian							438.5
		Rhuddanian	440.8
Ordovician	Late Ordovician	Hirnantian	Harju			Porkuni			443.8
		Katian				Pirgu			445.2
						Vormsi			449.6 *
						Nabala			Johvi †	450 *
			Viru			Rakvere				450.6 *
						Oandu				452 *
		Sandbian				Keila			Idavere †	453
						Haljala				453.9
						Kukruse				456.4 *
						Uhaku			Aluoja †	457.5 *
	Middle Ordovician	Darriwilian				Uhaku				458.4
						Lasnamagi				458.9 *
						Aseri				460.4 *
			Oeland			Kunda				462.9 *
						Kunda			Valaste †/Hunderum	464.3 *
						Volkhov				Langevoja †/Vaana/Saka	467.1 *
		Dapingian				Volkhov					467.3
		Dapingian				Billingen					469.3 *
	Early Ordovician	Floian									470
									Latorp †		470.1 *
						Hunneberg					473.7 *
		Tremadocian				Hunneberg					477.7
						Varangu					481.3 *
						Pakerort					482.2 *
Cambrian	Furongian	Stage 10				Pakerort					Niuchehean	Taoyuanian †	485.4
													486.3 *
													486.5
		Jiangshanian									Jiangshanian		489.5
		Paibian									Paibian		494
		Paibian									Paibian	Waergangian †/Youshuanian	494.9 *
	Miaolingian	Guzhangian									Series 3 †	Guzhangian	Wangcunian †	497
		Guzhangian										Guzhangian		Arcadian	498.4
		Drumian										Drumian			500.5
		Wuliuan		Stage 5 †								Wuliuan/Taijangian			504.5
	Series 2	Stage 4										Branchian		Duyunian	509
		Stage 3			Nangaoian							Branchian		514
		Stage 3			Nangaoian							Placentian		517.1
	Terreneuvian	Stage 2			Meishucunian									521
		Fortunian			Meishucunian									529
		Fortunian			Jinnigian									530.7
																538.8