PBDB Timescale

Obsolete Names for ICS Units

The interval definitions in this timescale are derived from the following sources:

W. B. Harland, R. L. Armstrong, A. V. Cox, L. E. Craig, A. G. Smith and D. G. Smith. 1990. A Geologic Time Scale 1989. view
K. M. Cohen, S.C. Finney, P.L. Gibbard and J.-X. Fan. 2023. The ICS International Chronostratigraphic Chart v2023/09. view
F. J. Prevosti, C. O. Romano, A. M. Forasiepi, S. Hemming, R. Bonini, A. M. Candela, E. Cerdeño, M. C. Madozzo Jaén, P. E. Ortiz, F. Pujos, L. Rasia, G. I. Schmidt, M. Taglioretti, R. D. E. MacPhee, and U. F. J. Pardiñas. 2021. New radiometric 40Ar–39Ar dates and faunistic analyses refine evolutionary dynamics of Neogene vertebrate assemblages in southern South America. Scientific Reports 2021(11):9830 view
J. J. Flynn and C. C. Swisher, III. 1995. Cenozoic South American Land Mammal Ages: correlation to global geochronology. Geochronology Time Scales and Global Stratigraphic Correlation, SEPM Special Publication 54:317-333 view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, and A. G. Smith. 2004. A Geologic Time Scale 2004 1-589 view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, M. D. Schmitz and G. M. Ogg. 2020. Geologic Time Scale 2020 view
J. Palfy, P. L. Smith, and J. K. Mortensen. 2000. A U-Pb and 40Ar/39Ar time scale for the Jurassic. Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences 37(6):923-944 view
M. Kretzoi. 1942. Necroteuthis n. g. (Ceph. Dibr., Necroteuthidae N. F.) aus dem Oligozän von Budapest und das system der Dibranchiata. Földtani Közlöny 72:125-238 view

There are 55 timescales which overlap this one. show

Interval boundaries marked with * have been interpolated based on the differences between the ages for international timescale boundaries quoted in the source and the currently accepted ages for those boundaries.

Interval names marked with † are no longer in current use.

This timescale is used in the definition of 92 collections

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International Chronostratigraphic Timescale			Obsolete Names for ICS Units			South American Land Mammal Ages		Obsolete Carboniferous Ages of China	Carboniferous of China	Ammonite Chrons of North America			Ordovician of Ibero-Bohemia				Ordovician of North America
Quaternary	Pleistocene	Late Pleistocene				Lujanian												0.0117
		Chibanian				Lujanian												0.129
		Chibanian				Ensenadan												0.3 *
		Calabrian				Ensenadan												0.774
		Calabrian				Sanandresian	Uquian †											1.7 *
		Gelasian				Sanandresian												1.8
Neogene	Pliocene	Piacenzian	Tertiary †			Vorohuean												2.58
		Piacenzian				Chapadmalalan												2.9 *
		Zanclean				Chapadmalalan												3.6
						Montehermosan												3.7 *
						Huayquerian												4.9 *
	Miocene	Messinian																5.333
		Tortonian																7.246
						Chasicoan												7.9 *
						Mayoan												9.9 *
						Laventan												10.9 *
		Serravallian				Laventan												11.63
		Serravallian				Colloncuran												13.7 *
		Langhian				Colloncuran												13.82
		Langhian				Friasian												15.4 *
		Burdigalian				Friasian												15.98
						Santacrucian												16.2 *
						Colhuehuapian												17.4 *
		Aquitanian				Colhuehuapian												20.44
		Aquitanian				Deseadan												20.9 *
Paleogene	Oligocene	Chattian																23.03
		Rupelian																27.82
		Rupelian				Tinguirirican												28.9 *
	Eocene	Priabonian				Tinguirirican												33.9
		Priabonian				Divisaderan												35.9 *
		Bartonian																37.71
		Lutetian																41.2
		Lutetian				Mustersan												41.9 *
		Ypresian				Mustersan												47.8
		Ypresian				Casamayoran												47.9 *
	Paleocene	Thanetian				Riochican												56
						Itaboraian												56.9 *
						Peligran												58.9 *
		Selandian																59.2
		Danian																61.6
		Danian				Tiupampan												62.4 *
Cretaceous	Late Cretaceous	Maastrichtian																66
		Campanian																72.1
		Santonian																83.6
		Coniacian																86.3
		Turonian																89.8
		Cenomanian																93.9
	Early Cretaceous	Albian																100.5
		Aptian																113
		Barremian																121.4
		Hauterivian																125.77
		Valanginian																132.6
		Berriasian																139.8
Jurassic	Late Jurassic	Tithonian																145
		Kimmeridgian																149.2
		Oxfordian																154.8
	Middle Jurassic	Callovian																161.5
		Bathonian																165.3
		Bajocian								Epizigzagiceras								168.2
		Bajocian								Rotundum/Oblatum/Kirschneri/Crassicostatus/Widebayense								168.4
		Aalenian								Howelli/Scissum/Westermanni								170.9
	Early Jurassic	Toarcian								Yakounensis/Hillebrandti/Crassicosta								174.7
										Planulata								179.3 *
										Planulata		Arnioceras arnouldi						179.8 *
				Kanense	181.3 *
				Carlottense	182.3 *
				Kunae	183.5 *
		Pliensbachian		Kunae	184.2
				Freboldi	185.1 *
				Whiteavesi/Imlayi	Tetraspidoceras			186.2 *
					Tetraspidoceras			189.2 *
				Plesechioceras harbledownense/Asteroceras varians/Coroniceras	Canadensis		190.3 *
		Sinemurian					192.9
				Pseudaetomoceras			Psiloceras	196.4 *
				Franziceras/Euphyllites				196.5 *
		Hettangian		Franziceras/Euphyllites				199.5
Triassic	Late Triassic	Rhaetian						201.4
		Norian						208.5
		Carnian						227
	Middle Triassic	Ladinian						237
	Middle Triassic	Anisian						242
	Early Triassic	Olenekian						247.2
	Early Triassic	Induan						251.2
Permian	Lopingian	Changhsingian						251.902
	Lopingian	Wuchiapingian						Longtanian †	254.14
	Guadalupian	Capitanian							259.51
		Wordian							264.28
		Roadian							266.9
	Cisuralian	Kungurian							273.01
		Artinskian							283.5
		Sakmarian							290.1
		Asselian							293.52
Carboniferous	Pennsylvanian	Gzhelian							Mapingian †	298.9
		Gzhelian								Xiaodushanian	300 *
		Kasimovian								Xiaodushanian	303.7
										Dalaun	305.8 *
											305.9
		Moscovian									307
		Bashkirian									315.2
										Huashibanian	318.5 *
										Lousuan	321.2 *
	Mississippian	Serpukhovian								Dewunian	323.2
		Serpukhovian								Shangsian	330.8 *
		Visean								Shangsian	330.9
		Visean								Jiusian	335 *
		Tournaisian	Tangbagouan			346.7
Devonian	Late Devonian	Famennian				358.9
	Late Devonian	Frasnian				372.2
	Middle Devonian	Givetian				382.7
	Middle Devonian	Eifelian				387.7
	Early Devonian	Emsian				393.3
		Pragian				407.6
		Lochkovian				410.8
Silurian	Pridoli					419.2
	Ludlow	Ludfordian				423
	Ludlow	Gorstian				425.6
	Wenlock	Homerian				427.4
	Wenlock	Sheinwoodian				430.5
	Llandovery	Telychian				433.4
		Aeronian				438.5
		Rhuddanian				440.8
Ordovician	Late Ordovician	Hirnantian				Kosovian				Cincinnatian	Gamachian	443.8
		Katian				Kralodvorian					Gamachian	Bohdalec †	445.2
						Kralodvorian					Richmondian		446 *
						Berounian					Richmondian		449.7 *
											Maysvillian		Rocklandian †/Shermanian/Ashbyan/Kirkfieldian/Blackriveran/Wildernessian/Trentonian/Franklinian	449.8 *
											Edenian			450.4 *
										Mohawkian	Chatfieldian			451.1 *
		Sandbian									Chatfieldian			453
											Turinian			453.7 *
											Turinian			Zahorany †/Vinice	Letna †	456.2 *
										Whiterockian			Canadian †	Zahorany †/Vinice		Chazyan †/Marmor	457 *
												Liben †					458 *
	Middle Ordovician	Darriwilian															458.4
						Dobrotivian											458.5 *
						Oretanian											459.7 *
												Sarka †					461.7 *
		Dapingian										Klabava †					467.3
					Arenigian	468
						Rangerian					469.1 *
	Early Ordovician	Floian		Ibexian		Blackhillsian	Jeffersonian †			Cassinian †	470
		Floian				Tulean					473.9 *
		Tremadocian			Tremadocian	Tulean						477.7
						Stairsian						480.3 *
						Skullrockian				Demingian †		482 *
Cambrian	Furongian	Stage 10				Skullrockian							485.4
		Stage 10											487.5
		Jiangshanian											489.5
		Paibian											494
	Miaolingian	Guzhangian						Series 3 †					497
		Drumian											500.5
		Wuliuan											Stage 5 †			504.5
																		509