PBDB Timescale

Obsolete Names for ICS Units

The interval definitions in this timescale are derived from the following sources:

W. B. Harland, R. L. Armstrong, A. V. Cox, L. E. Craig, A. G. Smith and D. G. Smith. 1990. A Geologic Time Scale 1989. view
K. M. Cohen, S.C. Finney, P.L. Gibbard and J.-X. Fan. 2023. The ICS International Chronostratigraphic Chart v2023/09. view
M. O. Woodburne. 1987. A prospectus of the North American Mammal Ages. In: Woodburne, M. O. (ed.), Cenozoic Mammals of North America. University of California Press, Berkelery, CA 285-290 view
J. Alroy. 2000. New methods for quantifying macroevolutionary patterns and processes. Paleobiology 26(4):707-733 view
Z.-X. Qiu and Z.-D. Qiu. 1995. Chronological sequence and subdivision of Chinese Neogene mammalian faunas. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology 116(1-2):41-70 view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, M. D. Schmitz and G. M. Ogg. 2020. Geologic Time Scale 2020 view
J. I. Raine, A. G. Beu, A. F. Boyes, H. J. Campbell, R. A. Cooper, J. S. Crampton, M. P. Crundwell, C. J. Hollis, and H. E. G. Morgans. 2015. Revised Calibration of the New Zealand Geological Timescale: NZGT2015/1. GNS Science Report 2012(39) view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, and A. G. Smith. 2004. A Geologic Time Scale 2004 1-589 view

There are 55 timescales which overlap this one. show

Interval boundaries marked with * have been interpolated based on the differences between the ages for international timescale boundaries quoted in the source and the currently accepted ages for those boundaries.

Interval names marked with † are no longer in current use.

This timescale is used in the definition of 92 collections

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International Chronostratigraphic Timescale			Obsolete Names for ICS Units			North American Mammal Subages/Zones			Cretaceous Subepochs	Neogene Mammal Ages of China	Devonian Subages	Devonian of France	Cretaceous-Cenozoic of New Zealand
Quaternary	Holocene	Meghalayan											Wanganui	Haweran	0
		Northgrippian													0.0042
		Greenlandian													0.0082
	Pleistocene	Late Pleistocene				Sheridanian				Nihewanian					0.0117
		Chibanian				Sheridanian									0.129
						Cudahyan/Sappan									0.21
														Castlecliffian	0.34
		Calabrian													0.774
						Senecan/Rexroadian									1.4
														Nukumaruan	1.63
		Gelasian												Nukumaruan	1.8
		Gelasian												Mangapanian	2.4
Neogene	Pliocene	Piacenzian	Tertiary †							Yushean				Mangapanian	2.58
		Piacenzian												Waipipian	3
		Zanclean												Waipipian	3.6
														Opoitian	3.7
						Late Hemphillian/late Early Hemphillian/early Early Hemphillian									4.7
										Baodean					4.9
	Miocene	Messinian											Taranaki	Kapitean	5.333
		Messinian												Tongaporutuan	7.2
		Tortonian													7.246
						Late Clarendonian/Early Clarendonian									9.4
													Southland	Waiauan	11.04
										Tunggurian					11.1
		Serravallian													11.63
						late Late Barstovian/early Late Barstovian/Early Barstovian									12.5
														Lillburnian	13.05
		Langhian								Shanwangian				Lillburnian	13.82
														Clifdenian	15.1
													Pareora	Altonian	15.9
		Burdigalian													15.98
						Late Hemingfordian/Early Hemingfordian									16.3
						Late Hemingfordian/Early Hemingfordian				Xiejiaan					16.9
						late Late Arikareean/early Late Arikareean/late Early Arikareean/early Early Arikareean	Harrisonian								18.5
														Otaian	18.7
		Aquitanian												Otaian	20.44
		Aquitanian											Landon	Waitakian	21.7
Paleogene	Oligocene	Chattian													23.03
							Monroecreekian								23.1 *
							Geringian								24.7 *
														Duntroonian	25.2
														Whaingaroan	27.3
		Rupelian													27.82
		Rupelian													29.5
	Eocene	Priabonian				Late Chadronian/Middle Chadronian/Early Chadronian									33.9
													Arnold	Runangan	34.6
														Kaiatan	36.7
															37
		Bartonian													37.71
														Bortonian	39.1
						Late Uintan/Early Uintan									39.7
		Lutetian													41.2
													Dannevirke	Porangan	42.6
														Heretaungan	45.7
						Twinbuttean/Blacksforkian/Gardnerbuttian									46.2
		Ypresian													47.8
														Mangaorapan	48.9
						Lostcabinian/Lysitean/Graybullian/Sandcouleean								Mangaorapan	50.5
						Lostcabinian/Lysitean/Graybullian/Sandcouleean								Waipawan	52
								Cf3/Cf2/Cf1						Waipawan	54.9
	Paleocene	Thanetian						Cf3/Cf2/Cf1						Teurian	56
		Thanetian						Ti6/Ti5/Ti4/Ti3/Ti2/Ti1							56.2
		Selandian						Ti6/Ti5/Ti4/Ti3/Ti2/Ti1							59.2
		Selandian						To3/To2/To1							60.9
		Danian		61.6				To3/To2/To1
		Danian		Pu3/Pu2/Pu1	63.8
Cretaceous	Late Cretaceous	Maastrichtian			Senonian			Mata	Haumurian		66
		Campanian							Haumurian		72.1
		Santonian							Piripauan		83.6
		Santonian						Raukumara	Teratan		86.1
		Coniacian									86.3
		Turonian									89.8
									Mangaotanean		90.5
									Arowhanan		93.7
		Cenomanian							Arowhanan		93.9
								Clarence	Ngaterian		95.2
									Motuan		99.5
	Early Cretaceous	Albian			Gallic				Motuan		100.5
									Urutawan		103.3
								Taitai	Korangan		108.4
		Aptian							Korangan		113
		Aptian									117.5
		Barremian									121.4
		Hauterivian			Neocomian						125.77
		Valanginian									132.6
		Berriasian									139.8
Jurassic	Late Jurassic	Tithonian									145
		Kimmeridgian									149.2
		Oxfordian									154.8
	Middle Jurassic	Callovian									161.5
		Bathonian									165.3
		Bajocian									168.2
		Aalenian									170.9
	Early Jurassic	Toarcian									174.7
		Pliensbachian									184.2
		Sinemurian									192.9
		Hettangian									199.5
Triassic	Late Triassic	Rhaetian									201.4
		Norian									208.5
		Carnian									227
	Middle Triassic	Ladinian									237
	Middle Triassic	Anisian								242
	Early Triassic	Olenekian								247.2
	Early Triassic	Induan								251.2
Permian	Lopingian	Changhsingian								251.902
	Lopingian	Wuchiapingian								Longtanian †	254.14
	Guadalupian	Capitanian									259.51
		Wordian					264.28
		Roadian					266.9
	Cisuralian	Kungurian					273.01
		Artinskian					283.5
		Sakmarian					290.1
		Asselian					293.52
		Asselian					Kuzel				297.7
Carboniferous	Pennsylvanian	Gzhelian					Kuzel				298.9
							Stephanian				Stephanian C	300.3 *
											Stephanian B	300.9 *
											Stephanian A	301.4 *
		Kasimovian									Stephanian A	303.7
		Kasimovian									Cantabrian	305 *
		Moscovian									Cantabrian	307
							Westphalian				Westphalian D	307.4 *
											Westphalian C	309.8
						Westphalian B					314.6
		Bashkirian				Westphalian B					315.2
						Westphalian A					317 *
						Namurian	Yeadonian				318.8 *
							Marsdenian				320.2 *
							Kinderscoutian				321.5 *
							Alportian				322 *
			Chokierian	323.1 *
	Mississippian	Serpukhovian	Chokierian	323.2
			Arnsbergian	324 *
			Pendleian	327.4 *
		Visean	Warnantian	Brigantian †		330.9
			Livian	Asbian †		336.3 *
			Moliniacian	Holkerian †/Arundian/Chadian		340.2 *
		Tournaisian	Ivorian			346.7
		Tournaisian	Hastarian			353.7 *
Devonian	Late Devonian	Famennian	Late Famennian			Famennian					358.9
			Middle Famennian								365.3 *
			Early Famennian								368.5 *
		Frasnian	Late Frasnian			Frasnian					372.2
			Middle Frasnian								375.4 *
			Early Frasnian								379.3 *
	Middle Devonian	Givetian	Late Givetian			Givetian			Srbsko		382.7
			Middle Givetian								383.7 *
			Early Givetian								385.9 *
		Eifelian	Late Eifelian			Couvinien			Chotec		387.7
		Eifelian	Early Eifelian						Chotec		390.3 *
	Early Devonian	Emsian	Late Emsian		Daleje/Zlichovian			393.3
		Emsian	Early Emsian		Daleje/Zlichovian			398.3 *
		Pragian	Pragian		Pragian			407.6
		Pragian	Pragian		Pragian	Coblencien		408.2 *
		Lochkovian	Late Lochkovian		Gedinnine	Lochkovian		410.8
			Middle Lochkovian					412.8 *
			Early Lochkovian					415.6 *
Silurian	Pridoli							419.2
	Ludlow	Ludfordian						423
	Ludlow	Gorstian						425.6
	Wenlock	Homerian						427.4
	Wenlock	Sheinwoodian						430.5
	Llandovery	Telychian						433.4
		Aeronian						438.5
		Rhuddanian						440.8
Ordovician	Late Ordovician	Hirnantian						443.8
		Katian						445.2
		Sandbian						453
	Middle Ordovician	Darriwilian						458.4
	Middle Ordovician	Dapingian						467.3
	Early Ordovician	Floian						470
	Early Ordovician	Tremadocian						477.7
Cambrian	Furongian	Stage 10						Franconian †/Dresbachian/Millardan	485.4
		Stage 10							Sunwaptan	487.5
		Jiangshanian							Sunwaptan	489.5
		Jiangshanian							Steptoean	493 *
		Paibian							Steptoean	494
	Miaolingian	Guzhangian						Series 3 †	Marjumian	Albertian †	497
		Drumian							Marjumian		500.5
		Wuliuan							Stage 5 †		Topazan	504.5
		Wuliuan							Stage 5 †		Delamaran	506.5
	Series 2	Stage 4								Waucoban †	Delamaran	509
		Stage 4									Dyeran	511 *
		Stage 3									Dyeran	514
											Montezuman	514.8 *
											Begadean	519.9 *
	Terreneuvian	Stage 2										521
	Terreneuvian	Fortunian										529
															538.8