PBDB Timescale

Obsolete Names for ICS Units

The interval definitions in this timescale are derived from the following sources:

W. B. Harland, R. L. Armstrong, A. V. Cox, L. E. Craig, A. G. Smith and D. G. Smith. 1990. A Geologic Time Scale 1989. view
K. M. Cohen, S.C. Finney, P.L. Gibbard and J.-X. Fan. 2023. The ICS International Chronostratigraphic Chart v2023/09. view
M. O. Woodburne. 1987. A prospectus of the North American Mammal Ages. In: Woodburne, M. O. (ed.), Cenozoic Mammals of North America. University of California Press, Berkelery, CA 285-290 view
J. Alroy. 2000. New methods for quantifying macroevolutionary patterns and processes. Paleobiology 26(4):707-733 view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, and A. G. Smith. 2004. A Geologic Time Scale 2004 1-589 view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, M. D. Schmitz and G. M. Ogg. 2020. Geologic Time Scale 2020 view

There are 55 timescales which overlap this one. show

Interval boundaries marked with * have been interpolated based on the differences between the ages for international timescale boundaries quoted in the source and the currently accepted ages for those boundaries.

Interval names marked with † are no longer in current use.

This timescale is used in the definition of 92 collections

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International Chronostratigraphic Timescale			Obsolete Names for ICS Units			North American Mammal Subages/Zones			Cenozoic Subepochs
Quaternary	Pleistocene	Late Pleistocene				Sheridanian			Late Pleistocene	0.0117
		Chibanian				Sheridanian			Middle Pleistocene	0.129
		Chibanian				Cudahyan/Sappan			Middle Pleistocene	0.21
		Calabrian				Cudahyan/Sappan			Early Pleistocene	0.774
		Calabrian				Senecan/Rexroadian				1.4
		Gelasian								1.8
Neogene	Pliocene	Piacenzian	Tertiary †						Late Pliocene	2.58
		Zanclean							Early Pliocene	3.6
		Zanclean				Late Hemphillian/late Early Hemphillian/early Early Hemphillian			Early Pliocene	4.7
	Miocene	Messinian							Late Miocene	5.333
		Tortonian								7.246
		Tortonian				Late Clarendonian/Early Clarendonian				9.4
		Serravallian				Late Clarendonian/Early Clarendonian			Middle Miocene	11.63
		Serravallian				late Late Barstovian/early Late Barstovian/Early Barstovian				12.5
		Langhian								13.82
		Burdigalian							Early Miocene	15.98
						Late Hemingfordian/Early Hemingfordian				16.3
						late Late Arikareean/early Late Arikareean/late Early Arikareean/early Early Arikareean	Harrisonian			18.5
		Aquitanian								20.44
Paleogene	Oligocene	Chattian							Late Oligocene	23.03
							Monroecreekian			23.1 *
							Geringian			24.7 *
		Rupelian					Geringian		Early Oligocene	27.82
		Rupelian							Early Oligocene	29.5
	Eocene	Priabonian				Late Chadronian/Middle Chadronian/Early Chadronian			Late Eocene	33.9
		Priabonian							Late Eocene	37
		Bartonian							Middle Eocene	37.71
		Bartonian				Late Uintan/Early Uintan				39.7
		Lutetian				Late Uintan/Early Uintan				41.2
		Lutetian				Twinbuttean/Blacksforkian/Gardnerbuttian				46.2
		Ypresian				Twinbuttean/Blacksforkian/Gardnerbuttian			Early Eocene	47.8
						Lostcabinian/Lysitean/Graybullian/Sandcouleean				50.5
								Cf3/Cf2/Cf1		54.9
	Paleocene	Thanetian						Cf3/Cf2/Cf1	Late Paleocene	56
		Thanetian						Ti6/Ti5/Ti4/Ti3/Ti2/Ti1	Late Paleocene	56.2
		Selandian						Ti6/Ti5/Ti4/Ti3/Ti2/Ti1	Middle Paleocene	59.2
		Selandian						To3/To2/To1	Middle Paleocene	60.9
		Danian						To3/To2/To1	Early Paleocene	61.6
		Danian						Pu3/Pu2/Pu1	Early Paleocene	63.8
Cretaceous	Late Cretaceous	Maastrichtian								66
		Campanian								72.1
		Santonian								83.6
		Coniacian								86.3
		Turonian								89.8
		Cenomanian								93.9
	Early Cretaceous	Albian								100.5
		Aptian								113
		Barremian								121.4
		Hauterivian								125.77
		Valanginian								132.6
		Berriasian								139.8
Jurassic	Late Jurassic	Tithonian								145
		Kimmeridgian								149.2
		Oxfordian								154.8
	Middle Jurassic	Callovian								161.5
		Bathonian								165.3
		Bajocian								168.2
		Aalenian								170.9
	Early Jurassic	Toarcian								174.7
		Pliensbachian								184.2
		Sinemurian								192.9
		Hettangian								199.5
Triassic	Late Triassic	Rhaetian								201.4
		Norian								208.5
		Carnian		227
	Middle Triassic	Ladinian		237
	Middle Triassic	Anisian		242
	Early Triassic	Olenekian		247.2
	Early Triassic	Induan		251.2
Permian	Lopingian	Changhsingian		251.902
	Lopingian	Wuchiapingian		Longtanian †	254.14
	Guadalupian	Capitanian			259.51
		Wordian			264.28
		Roadian			266.9
	Cisuralian	Kungurian			273.01
		Artinskian			283.5
		Sakmarian			290.1
		Asselian			293.52
Carboniferous	Pennsylvanian	Gzhelian			298.9
		Kasimovian			303.7
		Moscovian			307
		Bashkirian			315.2
	Mississippian	Serpukhovian			323.2
		Visean			330.9
		Tournaisian			346.7
Devonian	Late Devonian	Famennian			358.9
	Late Devonian	Frasnian			372.2
	Middle Devonian	Givetian			382.7
	Middle Devonian	Eifelian			387.7
	Early Devonian	Emsian			393.3
		Pragian			407.6
		Lochkovian			410.8
Silurian	Pridoli				419.2
	Ludlow	Ludfordian			423
	Ludlow	Gorstian			425.6
	Wenlock	Homerian			427.4
	Wenlock	Sheinwoodian			430.5
	Llandovery	Telychian			433.4
		Aeronian			438.5
		Rhuddanian			440.8
Ordovician	Late Ordovician	Hirnantian			Bolindian	443.8
		Katian			Bolindian	445.2
					Eastonian	449 *
			Gisbornian		452 *
		Sandbian	Gisbornian		453
	Middle Ordovician	Darriwilian	Darriwilian		458.4
		Dapingian	Yapeenian		467.3
		Dapingian	Castlemainian		468.5 *
	Early Ordovician	Floian	Chewtonian		470
			Bendigonian		471.8 *
			Lancefieldian		473.5 *
		Tremadocian	Lancefieldian		477.7
		Tremadocian	Warendian		482.8 *
Cambrian	Furongian	Stage 10			485.4
		Jiangshanian			489.5
		Paibian			494
	Miaolingian	Guzhangian			Series 3 †	497
		Drumian				500.5
		Wuliuan		Stage 5 †		504.5
										509