PBDB Timescale

Obsolete Names for ICS Units

The interval definitions in this timescale are derived from the following sources:

W. B. Harland, R. L. Armstrong, A. V. Cox, L. E. Craig, A. G. Smith and D. G. Smith. 1990. A Geologic Time Scale 1989. view
K. M. Cohen, S.C. Finney, P.L. Gibbard and J.-X. Fan. 2023. The ICS International Chronostratigraphic Chart v2023/09. view
M. O. Woodburne. 1987. A prospectus of the North American Mammal Ages. In: Woodburne, M. O. (ed.), Cenozoic Mammals of North America. University of California Press, Berkelery, CA 285-290 view
J. Alroy. 2000. New methods for quantifying macroevolutionary patterns and processes. Paleobiology 26(4):707-733 view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, M. D. Schmitz and G. M. Ogg. 2020. Geologic Time Scale 2020 view
M. Harzhauser and W. E. Piller. 2004. Integrated stratigraphy of the Sarmatian (Upper Middle Miocene) in the western Central Paratethys. Stratigraphy 1(1):65-86 view
Z.-X. Qiu and Z.-D. Qiu. 1995. Chronological sequence and subdivision of Chinese Neogene mammalian faunas. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology 116(1-2):41-70 view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, and A. G. Smith. 2004. A Geologic Time Scale 2004 1-589 view
D. H. Erwin and S. A. Bowring. 2004. Cambrian time scale. view
M. Kretzoi. 1942. Necroteuthis n. g. (Ceph. Dibr., Necroteuthidae N. F.) aus dem Oligozän von Budapest und das system der Dibranchiata. Földtani Közlöny 72:125-238 view
B. D. Webby. 1998. Steps toward a global standard for Ordovician stratigraphy. Newsletters in Stratigraphy 36:1-33 view

There are 55 timescales which overlap this one. show

Interval boundaries marked with * have been interpolated based on the differences between the ages for international timescale boundaries quoted in the source and the currently accepted ages for those boundaries.

Interval names marked with † are no longer in current use.

This timescale is used in the definition of 92 collections

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International Chronostratigraphic Timescale			Obsolete Names for ICS Units			North American Mammal Subages/Zones			Cambrian of West Avalonia	Central Paratethys Stages	Neogene Mammal Ages of China	Cenozoic Subepochs	Cambrian Epochs	Cambrian of Siberia		Ordovician of North America
Quaternary	Pleistocene	Late Pleistocene				Sheridanian					Nihewanian	Late Pleistocene							0.0117
		Chibanian				Sheridanian						Middle Pleistocene							0.129
		Chibanian				Cudahyan/Sappan						Middle Pleistocene							0.21
		Calabrian				Cudahyan/Sappan						Early Pleistocene							0.774
		Calabrian				Senecan/Rexroadian													1.4
		Gelasian																	1.8
Neogene	Pliocene	Piacenzian	Tertiary †								Yushean	Late Pliocene							2.58
		Zanclean										Early Pliocene							3.6
						Late Hemphillian/late Early Hemphillian/early Early Hemphillian													4.7
											Baodean								4.9
	Miocene	Messinian										Late Miocene							5.333
		Tortonian								Pannonian									7.246
						Late Clarendonian/Early Clarendonian													9.4
											Tunggurian								11.1
		Serravallian								Sarmatian		Middle Miocene							11.63
						late Late Barstovian/early Late Barstovian/Early Barstovian				Sarmatian									12.5
										Badenian									12.8 *
		Langhian									Shanwangian								13.82
		Burdigalian										Early Miocene							15.98
						Late Hemingfordian/Early Hemingfordian													16.3
						Late Hemingfordian/Early Hemingfordian					Xiejiaan								16.9
						late Late Arikareean/early Late Arikareean/late Early Arikareean/early Early Arikareean	Harrisonian												18.5
		Aquitanian																	20.44
Paleogene	Oligocene	Chattian										Late Oligocene							23.03
							Monroecreekian												23.1 *
							Geringian												24.7 *
		Rupelian					Geringian					Early Oligocene							27.82
		Rupelian										Early Oligocene							29.5
	Eocene	Priabonian				Late Chadronian/Middle Chadronian/Early Chadronian						Late Eocene							33.9
		Priabonian										Late Eocene							37
		Bartonian										Middle Eocene							37.71
		Bartonian				Late Uintan/Early Uintan													39.7
		Lutetian				Late Uintan/Early Uintan													41.2
		Lutetian				Twinbuttean/Blacksforkian/Gardnerbuttian													46.2
		Ypresian				Twinbuttean/Blacksforkian/Gardnerbuttian						Early Eocene							47.8
						Lostcabinian/Lysitean/Graybullian/Sandcouleean													50.5
								Cf3/Cf2/Cf1											54.9
	Paleocene	Thanetian						Cf3/Cf2/Cf1				Late Paleocene							56
		Thanetian						Ti6/Ti5/Ti4/Ti3/Ti2/Ti1				Late Paleocene							56.2
		Selandian						Ti6/Ti5/Ti4/Ti3/Ti2/Ti1				Middle Paleocene							59.2
		Selandian						To3/To2/To1				Middle Paleocene							60.9
		Danian						To3/To2/To1				Early Paleocene							61.6
		Danian						Pu3/Pu2/Pu1				Early Paleocene							63.8
Cretaceous	Late Cretaceous	Maastrichtian																	66
		Campanian																	72.1
		Santonian																	83.6
		Coniacian																	86.3
		Turonian																	89.8
		Cenomanian																	93.9
	Early Cretaceous	Albian																	100.5
		Aptian																	113
		Barremian																	121.4
		Hauterivian																	125.77
		Valanginian																	132.6
		Berriasian																	139.8
Jurassic	Late Jurassic	Tithonian																	145
		Kimmeridgian																	149.2
		Oxfordian																	154.8
	Middle Jurassic	Callovian																	161.5
		Bathonian																	165.3
		Bajocian																	168.2
		Aalenian																	170.9
	Early Jurassic	Toarcian																	174.7
		Pliensbachian																	184.2
		Sinemurian		192.9
		Hettangian		199.5
Triassic	Late Triassic	Rhaetian		201.4
		Norian		208.5
		Carnian		227
	Middle Triassic	Ladinian		237
	Middle Triassic	Anisian		242
	Early Triassic	Olenekian		247.2
	Early Triassic	Induan		251.2
Permian	Lopingian	Changhsingian		251.902
	Lopingian	Wuchiapingian		Longtanian †	254.14
	Guadalupian	Capitanian			259.51
		Wordian			264.28
		Roadian			266.9
	Cisuralian	Kungurian			273.01
		Artinskian			283.5
		Sakmarian			290.1
		Asselian			293.52
Carboniferous	Pennsylvanian	Gzhelian			298.9
		Kasimovian			303.7
		Moscovian			307
		Bashkirian			315.2
	Mississippian	Serpukhovian			323.2
		Visean			330.9
		Tournaisian			346.7
Devonian	Late Devonian	Famennian			358.9
	Late Devonian	Frasnian			372.2
	Middle Devonian	Givetian			382.7
	Middle Devonian	Eifelian			387.7
	Early Devonian	Emsian			393.3
		Pragian			407.6
		Lochkovian			410.8
Silurian	Pridoli				419.2
	Ludlow	Ludfordian			423
	Ludlow	Gorstian			425.6
	Wenlock	Homerian			427.4
	Wenlock	Sheinwoodian			430.5
	Llandovery	Telychian			433.4
		Aeronian			438.5
		Rhuddanian			440.8
Ordovician	Late Ordovician	Hirnantian			Cincinnatian	Gamachian	Harju		Porkuni	443.8
		Katian				Gamachian			Pirgu	445.2
						Richmondian			Pirgu	446 *
			Vormsi			Richmondian		449.6 *
			Vormsi			Maysvillian		Rocklandian †/Shermanian/Ashbyan/Kirkfieldian/Blackriveran/Wildernessian/Trentonian/Franklinian	449.8 *
			Nabala			Maysvillian			Johvi †	450 *
			Nabala			Edenian				450.4 *
			Viru			Edenian	Rakvere			450.6 *
					Mohawkian	Chatfieldian	Rakvere			451.1 *
							Oandu			452 *
		Sandbian					Keila		Idavere †	453
						Turinian	Keila			453.7 *
							Haljala			453.9
							Kukruse			456.4 *
					Whiterockian		Kukruse	Canadian †		Chazyan †/Marmor	457 *
							Uhaku		Aluoja †		457.5 *
	Middle Ordovician	Darriwilian					Uhaku				458.4
							Lasnamagi				458.9 *
							Aseri				460.4 *
			Oeland				Kunda				462.9 *
							Kunda		Valaste †/Hunderum		464.3 *
							Volkhov				Langevoja †/Vaana/Saka	467.1 *
		Dapingian										467.3
						Rangerian						469.1 *
						Rangerian	Billingen					469.3 *
	Early Ordovician	Floian			Ibexian	Blackhillsian				Jeffersonian †		Cassinian †	470
									Latorp †				470.1 *
							Hunneberg						473.7 *
						Tulean							473.9 *
		Tremadocian				Tulean							477.7
						Stairsian							480.3 *
						Stairsian	Varangu						481.3 *
						Skullrockian	Varangu					Demingian †	482 *
							Pakerort						482.2 *
													Mansian †	483.55 *
Cambrian	Furongian	Stage 10		Late Cambrian				Batyrbaian	Tavgian †	Ketyan †/Yurakian					485.4
															486.3 *
															486.5
															487.5
		Jiangshanian													489.5
								Aksaian							490.7 *
								Sakian							492.2 *
		Paibian													494
		Paibian								Ensyan †/Maduan/Nganasanian					494.7 *
	Miaolingian	Guzhangian		Series 3 †				Middle Cambrian	Ayusokkanian							497
									Ayusokkanian							Arcadian	498.4
									Mayan/Menevian								499.5
		Drumian							Mayan/Menevian								500.5
		Wuliuan							Stage 5 †								Amgan/Solvan	504.5
	Series 2	Stage 4							Branchian							Early Cambrian	Amgan/Solvan	509
										Toyonian							Lenian †	510 *
										Botomian								512.5 *
		Stage 3								Botomian								514
										Atdabanian								515.6 *
									Placentian	Atdabanian								517.1
	Terreneuvian	Stage 2								Tommotian								521
		Stage 2								Nemakit-Daldynian								525.5
		Fortunian								Nemakit-Daldynian							Manykaian †	529
																			538.8