PBDB Timescale

Obsolete Names for ICS Units

The interval definitions in this timescale are derived from the following sources:

W. B. Harland, R. L. Armstrong, A. V. Cox, L. E. Craig, A. G. Smith and D. G. Smith. 1990. A Geologic Time Scale 1989. view
K. M. Cohen, S.C. Finney, P.L. Gibbard and J.-X. Fan. 2023. The ICS International Chronostratigraphic Chart v2023/09. view
M. O. Woodburne. 1987. A prospectus of the North American Mammal Ages. In: Woodburne, M. O. (ed.), Cenozoic Mammals of North America. University of California Press, Berkelery, CA 285-290 view
J. Alroy. 2000. New methods for quantifying macroevolutionary patterns and processes. Paleobiology 26(4):707-733 view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, M. D. Schmitz and G. M. Ogg. 2020. Geologic Time Scale 2020 view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, and A. G. Smith. 2004. A Geologic Time Scale 2004 1-589 view
M. Harzhauser and W. E. Piller. 2004. Integrated stratigraphy of the Sarmatian (Upper Middle Miocene) in the western Central Paratethys. Stratigraphy 1(1):65-86 view
F. J. Prevosti, C. O. Romano, A. M. Forasiepi, S. Hemming, R. Bonini, A. M. Candela, E. Cerdeño, M. C. Madozzo Jaén, P. E. Ortiz, F. Pujos, L. Rasia, G. I. Schmidt, M. Taglioretti, R. D. E. MacPhee, and U. F. J. Pardiñas. 2021. New radiometric 40Ar–39Ar dates and faunistic analyses refine evolutionary dynamics of Neogene vertebrate assemblages in southern South America. Scientific Reports 2021(11):9830 view
J. J. Flynn and C. C. Swisher, III. 1995. Cenozoic South American Land Mammal Ages: correlation to global geochronology. Geochronology Time Scales and Global Stratigraphic Correlation, SEPM Special Publication 54:317-333 view
B. D. Webby. 1998. Steps toward a global standard for Ordovician stratigraphy. Newsletters in Stratigraphy 36:1-33 view

There are 55 timescales which overlap this one. show

Interval boundaries marked with * have been interpolated based on the differences between the ages for international timescale boundaries quoted in the source and the currently accepted ages for those boundaries.

Interval names marked with † are no longer in current use.

This timescale is used in the definition of 92 collections

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International Chronostratigraphic Timescale			Obsolete Names for ICS Units			North American Mammal Subages/Zones			Cambrian of North America		Central Paratethys Stages	Permian of Western Europe	Permian of China	Silurian of the Baltic	Silurian of North America	South American Land Mammal Ages
Quaternary	Pleistocene	Late Pleistocene				Sheridanian										Lujanian		0.0117
		Chibanian				Sheridanian												0.129
						Cudahyan/Sappan												0.21
																Ensenadan		0.3 *
		Calabrian																0.774
						Senecan/Rexroadian												1.4
																Sanandresian	Uquian †	1.7 *
		Gelasian														Sanandresian		1.8
Neogene	Pliocene	Piacenzian	Tertiary †													Vorohuean		2.58
		Piacenzian														Chapadmalalan		2.9 *
		Zanclean														Chapadmalalan		3.6
																Montehermosan		3.7 *
						Late Hemphillian/late Early Hemphillian/early Early Hemphillian										Montehermosan		4.7
																Huayquerian		4.9 *
	Miocene	Messinian																5.333
		Tortonian									Pannonian							7.246
																Chasicoan		7.9 *
						Late Clarendonian/Early Clarendonian										Chasicoan		9.4
																Mayoan		9.9 *
																Laventan		10.9 *
		Serravallian									Sarmatian							11.63
						late Late Barstovian/early Late Barstovian/Early Barstovian					Sarmatian							12.5
											Badenian							12.8 *
											Badenian					Colloncuran		13.7 *
		Langhian														Colloncuran		13.82
		Langhian														Friasian		15.4 *
		Burdigalian														Friasian		15.98
																Santacrucian		16.2 *
						Late Hemingfordian/Early Hemingfordian										Santacrucian		16.3
						Late Hemingfordian/Early Hemingfordian										Colhuehuapian		17.4 *
						late Late Arikareean/early Late Arikareean/late Early Arikareean/early Early Arikareean	Harrisonian											18.5
		Aquitanian																20.44
		Aquitanian														Deseadan		20.9 *
Paleogene	Oligocene	Chattian																23.03
							Monroecreekian											23.1 *
							Geringian											24.7 *
		Rupelian																27.82
																Tinguirirican		28.9 *
																		29.5
	Eocene	Priabonian				Late Chadronian/Middle Chadronian/Early Chadronian												33.9
						Late Chadronian/Middle Chadronian/Early Chadronian										Divisaderan		35.9 *
																		37
		Bartonian																37.71
		Bartonian				Late Uintan/Early Uintan												39.7
		Lutetian																41.2
																Mustersan		41.9 *
						Twinbuttean/Blacksforkian/Gardnerbuttian												46.2
		Ypresian																47.8
																Casamayoran		47.9 *
						Lostcabinian/Lysitean/Graybullian/Sandcouleean												50.5
								Cf3/Cf2/Cf1										54.9
	Paleocene	Thanetian						Cf3/Cf2/Cf1								Riochican		56
								Ti6/Ti5/Ti4/Ti3/Ti2/Ti1								Riochican		56.2
																Itaboraian		56.9 *
																Peligran		58.9 *
		Selandian																59.2
		Selandian						To3/To2/To1										60.9
		Danian																61.6
																Tiupampan		62.4 *
								Pu3/Pu2/Pu1								Tiupampan		63.8
Cretaceous	Late Cretaceous	Maastrichtian																66
		Campanian																72.1
		Santonian																83.6
		Coniacian																86.3
		Turonian		89.8
		Cenomanian		93.9
	Early Cretaceous	Albian		100.5
		Aptian		113
		Barremian		121.4
		Hauterivian		125.77
		Valanginian		132.6
		Berriasian		139.8
Jurassic	Late Jurassic	Tithonian		145
		Kimmeridgian		149.2
		Oxfordian		154.8
	Middle Jurassic	Callovian		161.5
		Bathonian		165.3
		Bajocian		168.2
		Aalenian		170.9
	Early Jurassic	Toarcian		174.7
		Pliensbachian		184.2
		Sinemurian		192.9
		Hettangian		199.5
Triassic	Late Triassic	Rhaetian		201.4
		Norian		208.5
		Carnian		227
	Middle Triassic	Ladinian		237
	Middle Triassic	Anisian		242
	Early Triassic	Olenekian		247.2
	Early Triassic	Induan		251.2
Permian	Lopingian	Changhsingian		Meishanian	251.902
		Changhsingian		Baoqingian	253.4 *
		Wuchiapingian		Longtanian †	Zechstein				Laoshanian	254.14
		Wuchiapingian		Longtanian †	Zechstein				Laibinian	257.7 *
	Guadalupian	Capitanian			Rotliegendes				Lengwuan	259.51
		Wordian							Kuhfengian	264.28
		Roadian							Kuhfengian	266.9
	Cisuralian	Kungurian							Luodianian	273.01
		Artinskian			Autunian				Luodianian	283.5
		Artinskian							Longlinian	285.4 *
		Sakmarian							Longlinian	290.1
		Asselian							Zisongian	293.52
Carboniferous	Pennsylvanian	Gzhelian					298.9		Zisongian
		Gzhelian							300.1
		Kasimovian							303.7
		Moscovian							307
		Bashkirian							315.2
	Mississippian	Serpukhovian							323.2
		Visean							330.9
		Tournaisian							346.7
Devonian	Late Devonian	Famennian							358.9
	Late Devonian	Frasnian							372.2
	Middle Devonian	Givetian							382.7
	Middle Devonian	Eifelian							387.7
	Early Devonian	Emsian				393.3
		Pragian				407.6
		Lochkovian				410.8
Silurian	Pridoli					Ohesaare			Cayugan	419.2
						Kaugetuma			Cayugan	421.7 *
						Kaugetuma			Niagaran	422.5 *
	Ludlow	Ludfordian				Kuressaare				423
		Ludfordian				Paadla				423.4 *
		Gorstian				Paadla				425.6
	Wenlock	Homerian				Rootsikula				Lockportian	427.4
		Homerian	Jaagarahu			429.2 *				Lockportian
		Sheinwoodian	Jaagarahu					430.5
		Sheinwoodian	Jaani					431.8 *
	Llandovery	Telychian	Jaani			Ontarian		433.4
		Telychian	Adavere					434 *
		Aeronian						438.5
								Alexandrian		438.7 *
			Raikkula							439.4 *
						Medinan			Clinton	440.1 *
										440.7 *
		Rhuddanian								440.8
		Rhuddanian	Juuru							441.4 *
Ordovician	Late Ordovician	Hirnantian								Harju	Porkuni	443.8
		Katian									Pirgu	445.2
											Vormsi	449.6 *
											Nabala	Johvi †	450 *
										Viru	Rakvere		450.6 *
											Oandu		452 *
		Sandbian									Keila	Idavere †	453
											Haljala		453.9
											Kukruse		456.4 *
											Uhaku	Aluoja †	457.5 *
	Middle Ordovician	Darriwilian									Uhaku		458.4
											Lasnamagi		458.9 *
											Aseri		460.4 *
										Oeland	Kunda		462.9 *
											Kunda	Valaste †/Hunderum	464.3 *
											Volkhov		Langevoja †/Vaana/Saka	467.1 *
		Dapingian									Volkhov			467.3
		Dapingian									Billingen			469.3 *
	Early Ordovician	Floian												470
												Latorp †		470.1 *
											Hunneberg			473.7 *
		Tremadocian									Hunneberg			477.7
				Varangu							481.3 *
				Pakerort							482.2 *
Cambrian	Furongian	Stage 10		Pakerort							Franconian †/Dresbachian/Millardan			485.4
														486.3 *
														486.5
														Sunwaptan	487.5
		Jiangshanian												Sunwaptan	489.5
		Jiangshanian												Steptoean	493 *
		Paibian			494									Steptoean
	Miaolingian	Guzhangian			Series 3 †		Marjumian				Albertian †			497
		Drumian					Marjumian							500.5
		Wuliuan					Stage 5 †							Topazan	504.5
		Wuliuan					Stage 5 †							Delamaran	506.5
	Series 2	Stage 4									Waucoban †			Delamaran	509
		Stage 4												Dyeran	511 *
		Stage 3												Dyeran	514
														Montezuman	514.8 *
														Begadean	519.9 *
	Terreneuvian	Stage 2													521
	Terreneuvian	Fortunian													529
																		538.8