PBDB Timescale

Obsolete Names for ICS Units

The interval definitions in this timescale are derived from the following sources:

W. B. Harland, R. L. Armstrong, A. V. Cox, L. E. Craig, A. G. Smith and D. G. Smith. 1990. A Geologic Time Scale 1989. view
K. M. Cohen, S.C. Finney, P.L. Gibbard and J.-X. Fan. 2023. The ICS International Chronostratigraphic Chart v2023/09. view
M. O. Woodburne. 1987. A prospectus of the North American Mammal Ages. In: Woodburne, M. O. (ed.), Cenozoic Mammals of North America. University of California Press, Berkelery, CA 285-290 view
J. Alroy. 2000. New methods for quantifying macroevolutionary patterns and processes. Paleobiology 26(4):707-733 view
J. I. Raine, A. G. Beu, A. F. Boyes, H. J. Campbell, R. A. Cooper, J. S. Crampton, M. P. Crundwell, C. J. Hollis, and H. E. G. Morgans. 2015. Revised Calibration of the New Zealand Geological Timescale: NZGT2015/1. GNS Science Report 2012(39) view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, M. D. Schmitz and G. M. Ogg. 2020. Geologic Time Scale 2020 view
B. D. Webby. 1998. Steps toward a global standard for Ordovician stratigraphy. Newsletters in Stratigraphy 36:1-33 view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, and A. G. Smith. 2004. A Geologic Time Scale 2004 1-589 view

There are 55 timescales which overlap this one. show

Interval boundaries marked with * have been interpolated based on the differences between the ages for international timescale boundaries quoted in the source and the currently accepted ages for those boundaries.

Interval names marked with † are no longer in current use.

This timescale is used in the definition of 92 collections

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International Chronostratigraphic Timescale			Obsolete Names for ICS Units			North American Mammal Subages/Zones			Silurian Ages of Europe	Permian-Jurassic of New Zealand		Ordovician of the Baltic				Permian of China	Cenozoic Subepochs	Cretaceous-Cenozoic of New Zealand
Quaternary	Holocene	Meghalayan																Wanganui	Haweran	0
		Northgrippian																		0.0042
		Greenlandian																		0.0082
	Pleistocene	Late Pleistocene				Sheridanian											Late Pleistocene			0.0117
		Chibanian				Sheridanian											Middle Pleistocene			0.129
						Cudahyan/Sappan														0.21
																			Castlecliffian	0.34
		Calabrian															Early Pleistocene			0.774
						Senecan/Rexroadian														1.4
																			Nukumaruan	1.63
		Gelasian																	Nukumaruan	1.8
		Gelasian																	Mangapanian	2.4
Neogene	Pliocene	Piacenzian	Tertiary †														Late Pliocene		Mangapanian	2.58
		Piacenzian															Late Pliocene		Waipipian	3
		Zanclean															Early Pliocene		Waipipian	3.6
																			Opoitian	3.7
						Late Hemphillian/late Early Hemphillian/early Early Hemphillian													Opoitian	4.7
	Miocene	Messinian															Late Miocene	Taranaki	Kapitean	5.333
		Messinian																	Tongaporutuan	7.2
		Tortonian																		7.246
						Late Clarendonian/Early Clarendonian														9.4
																		Southland	Waiauan	11.04
		Serravallian															Middle Miocene			11.63
						late Late Barstovian/early Late Barstovian/Early Barstovian														12.5
																			Lillburnian	13.05
		Langhian																	Lillburnian	13.82
																			Clifdenian	15.1
																		Pareora	Altonian	15.9
		Burdigalian															Early Miocene			15.98
						Late Hemingfordian/Early Hemingfordian														16.3
						late Late Arikareean/early Late Arikareean/late Early Arikareean/early Early Arikareean	Harrisonian													18.5
																			Otaian	18.7
		Aquitanian																	Otaian	20.44
		Aquitanian																Landon	Waitakian	21.7
Paleogene	Oligocene	Chattian															Late Oligocene			23.03
							Monroecreekian													23.1 *
							Geringian													24.7 *
																			Duntroonian	25.2
																			Whaingaroan	27.3
		Rupelian															Early Oligocene			27.82
		Rupelian															Early Oligocene			29.5
	Eocene	Priabonian				Late Chadronian/Middle Chadronian/Early Chadronian											Late Eocene			33.9
																		Arnold	Runangan	34.6
																			Kaiatan	36.7
																				37
		Bartonian															Middle Eocene			37.71
																			Bortonian	39.1
						Late Uintan/Early Uintan														39.7
		Lutetian																		41.2
																		Dannevirke	Porangan	42.6
																			Heretaungan	45.7
						Twinbuttean/Blacksforkian/Gardnerbuttian														46.2
		Ypresian															Early Eocene			47.8
																			Mangaorapan	48.9
						Lostcabinian/Lysitean/Graybullian/Sandcouleean													Mangaorapan	50.5
						Lostcabinian/Lysitean/Graybullian/Sandcouleean													Waipawan	52
								Cf3/Cf2/Cf1											Waipawan	54.9
	Paleocene	Thanetian						Cf3/Cf2/Cf1									Late Paleocene		Teurian	56
		Thanetian						Ti6/Ti5/Ti4/Ti3/Ti2/Ti1									Late Paleocene			56.2
		Selandian						Ti6/Ti5/Ti4/Ti3/Ti2/Ti1									Middle Paleocene			59.2
		Selandian						To3/To2/To1									Middle Paleocene			60.9
		Danian						To3/To2/To1									Early Paleocene			61.6
		Danian						Pu3/Pu2/Pu1									Early Paleocene			63.8
Cretaceous	Late Cretaceous	Maastrichtian																Mata	Haumurian	66
		Campanian		72.1															Haumurian
		Santonian		Piripauan	83.6
		Santonian		Raukumara	Teratan				86.1
		Coniacian							86.3
		Turonian							89.8
					Mangaotanean				90.5
					Arowhanan				93.7
		Cenomanian			Arowhanan				93.9
				Clarence	Ngaterian				95.2
					Motuan				99.5
	Early Cretaceous	Albian			Motuan				100.5
					Urutawan				103.3
				Taitai	Korangan				108.4
		Aptian			Korangan				113
		Aptian							117.5
		Barremian							121.4
		Hauterivian							125.77
		Valanginian							132.6
		Berriasian							139.8
Jurassic	Late Jurassic	Tithonian		Oteke					Puaroan		145
		Kimmeridgian		Oteke					Puaroan		149.2
				Kawhia					Ohauan		150
									Heterian		154.5
		Oxfordian									154.8
	Middle Jurassic	Callovian									161.5
		Callovian							Temaikan		164.3
		Bathonian									165.3
		Bajocian									168.2
		Aalenian									170.9
	Early Jurassic	Toarcian									174.7
		Toarcian		Herangi					Ururoan		176
		Pliensbachian							Ururoan		184.2
		Pliensbachian							Aratauran		188.9
		Sinemurian									192.9
		Hettangian									199.5
Triassic	Late Triassic	Rhaetian		Balfour					Otapirian		201.4
		Norian							Warepan		208.5
									Otamitan		217
									Oretian		221
		Carnian							Oretian		227
		Carnian		Gore			Kaihikuan		227.5
	Middle Triassic	Ladinian					Kaihikuan		237
		Ladinian					Etalian		238
		Anisian					Etalian		242
		Anisian					Malakovian		246
	Early Triassic	Olenekian					Malakovian		247.2
		Olenekian					Nelsonian		249
		Induan					Nelsonian		251.2
		Induan		DUrville			Makarewan		251.5
Permian	Lopingian	Changhsingian					Makarewan		Meishanian		251.902
							Waiitian		Meishanian		253.2
									Baoqingian		253.4 *
		Wuchiapingian							Longtanian †		Laoshanian	254.14
							Puruhauan				Laoshanian	254.2
							Puruhauan				Laibinian	257.7 *
	Guadalupian	Capitanian					Aparima		Flettian		Lengwuan	259.51
		Wordian				Kuhfengian			Flettian		264.28
		Wordian							Barettian		266
		Roadian									266.9
	Cisuralian	Kungurian				Luodianian					273.01
		Kungurian							Mangapirian		276
		Artinskian							Mangapirian		283.5
									Telfordian		285
			Longlinian			285.4 *			Telfordian
								288.5
		Sakmarian						290.1
		Asselian	Zisongian					293.52
Carboniferous	Pennsylvanian	Gzhelian	Zisongian					Mapingian †	298.9
		Gzhelian							300.1
		Kasimovian							303.7
		Kasimovian							305.9
		Moscovian							307
		Bashkirian							315.2
	Mississippian	Serpukhovian							323.2
		Visean							330.9
		Tournaisian							346.7
Devonian	Late Devonian	Famennian							358.9
	Late Devonian	Frasnian							372.2
	Middle Devonian	Givetian			382.7
	Middle Devonian	Eifelian			387.7
	Early Devonian	Emsian			393.3
		Pragian			407.6
		Lochkovian			410.8
Silurian	Pridoli				419.2
	Ludlow	Ludfordian			423
	Ludlow	Gorstian			425.6
	Wenlock	Homerian			Gleedonian				427.4
		Homerian			Whitwellian				429.7 *
		Sheinwoodian							430.5
	Llandovery	Telychian							433.4
		Aeronian							438.5
		Rhuddanian							440.8
Ordovician	Late Ordovician	Hirnantian							Harju	Porkuni	Hirnantian	Xiaoxita †/Shikou	Wufeng †	443.8
		Katian								Pirgu	Chientangkiangian		Wufeng †	445.2
										Pirgu	Neichianshanian/Hanjiang			449.5
										Vormsi				449.6 *
										Nabala				Johvi †	450 *
									Viru	Rakvere					450.6 *
										Oandu					452 *
		Sandbian								Keila				Idavere †	453
										Haljala					453.9
										Kukruse					456.4 *
										Uhaku				Aluoja †	457.5 *
	Middle Ordovician	Darriwilian								Uhaku	Darriwilian	Guniu †/Hulo			458.4
										Lasnamagi					458.9 *
										Aseri					460.4 *
									Oeland	Kunda					462.9 *
														Valaste †/Hunderum	464.3 *
												Hunjiang †	Dawan †/Daobaowan/Ningkuo		466.3 *
										Volkhov					Langevoja †/Vaana/Saka	467.1 *
		Dapingian								Volkhov	Dapingian					467.3
		Dapingian								Billingen	Dapingian					469.3 *
	Early Ordovician	Floian									Yiyangian					470
														Latorp †		470.1 *
										Hunneberg						473.7 *
		Tremadocian									Xinchangian					477.7
													Lianghekou †			477.9 *
										Varangu						481.3 *
										Pakerort						482.2 *
Cambrian	Furongian	Stage 10								Pakerort				485.4
														486.3 *
														486.5
		Jiangshanian												489.5
		Paibian												494
	Miaolingian	Guzhangian												Series 3 †		497
		Drumian														500.5
		Wuliuan														Stage 5 †	504.5
																				509