PBDB Timescale

Obsolete Names for ICS Units

The interval definitions in this timescale are derived from the following sources:

W. B. Harland, R. L. Armstrong, A. V. Cox, L. E. Craig, A. G. Smith and D. G. Smith. 1990. A Geologic Time Scale 1989. view
K. M. Cohen, S.C. Finney, P.L. Gibbard and J.-X. Fan. 2023. The ICS International Chronostratigraphic Chart v2023/09. view
M. O. Woodburne. 1987. A prospectus of the North American Mammal Ages. In: Woodburne, M. O. (ed.), Cenozoic Mammals of North America. University of California Press, Berkelery, CA 285-290 view
J. Alroy. 2000. New methods for quantifying macroevolutionary patterns and processes. Paleobiology 26(4):707-733 view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, M. D. Schmitz and G. M. Ogg. 2020. Geologic Time Scale 2020 view
B. D. Webby. 1998. Steps toward a global standard for Ordovician stratigraphy. Newsletters in Stratigraphy 36:1-33 view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, and A. G. Smith. 2004. A Geologic Time Scale 2004 1-589 view
M. Harzhauser and W. E. Piller. 2004. Integrated stratigraphy of the Sarmatian (Upper Middle Miocene) in the western Central Paratethys. Stratigraphy 1(1):65-86 view
F. M. Gradstein, F. P. Agterberg, J. G. Ogg, J. Hardenbol, P. Van Veen, J. Thierry, and Z. Huang. 1995. A Triassic, Jurassic, and Cretaceous time scale. SEPM Special Publication 54 view
J. Palfy, P. L. Smith, and J. K. Mortensen. 2000. A U-Pb and 40Ar/39Ar time scale for the Jurassic. Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences 37(6):923-944 view

There are 55 timescales which overlap this one. show

Interval boundaries marked with * have been interpolated based on the differences between the ages for international timescale boundaries quoted in the source and the currently accepted ages for those boundaries.

Interval names marked with † are no longer in current use.

This timescale is used in the definition of 92 collections

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International Chronostratigraphic Timescale			Obsolete Names for ICS Units			North American Mammal Subages/Zones			Carboniferous of China				Cambrian of Australia	Silurian of North America	Central Paratethys Stages	Mesozoic Subages		Cenozoic Subepochs
Quaternary	Pleistocene	Late Pleistocene				Sheridanian												Late Pleistocene	0.0117
		Chibanian				Sheridanian												Middle Pleistocene	0.129
		Chibanian				Cudahyan/Sappan												Middle Pleistocene	0.21
		Calabrian				Cudahyan/Sappan												Early Pleistocene	0.774
		Calabrian				Senecan/Rexroadian													1.4
		Gelasian																	1.8
Neogene	Pliocene	Piacenzian	Tertiary †															Late Pliocene	2.58
		Zanclean																Early Pliocene	3.6
		Zanclean				Late Hemphillian/late Early Hemphillian/early Early Hemphillian												Early Pliocene	4.7
	Miocene	Messinian																Late Miocene	5.333
		Tortonian													Pannonian				7.246
		Tortonian				Late Clarendonian/Early Clarendonian									Pannonian				9.4
		Serravallian				Late Clarendonian/Early Clarendonian									Sarmatian			Middle Miocene	11.63
						late Late Barstovian/early Late Barstovian/Early Barstovian									Sarmatian				12.5
															Badenian				12.8 *
		Langhian																	13.82
		Burdigalian																Early Miocene	15.98
						Late Hemingfordian/Early Hemingfordian													16.3
						late Late Arikareean/early Late Arikareean/late Early Arikareean/early Early Arikareean	Harrisonian												18.5
		Aquitanian																	20.44
Paleogene	Oligocene	Chattian																Late Oligocene	23.03
							Monroecreekian												23.1 *
							Geringian												24.7 *
		Rupelian					Geringian											Early Oligocene	27.82
		Rupelian																Early Oligocene	29.5
	Eocene	Priabonian				Late Chadronian/Middle Chadronian/Early Chadronian												Late Eocene	33.9
		Priabonian																Late Eocene	37
		Bartonian																Middle Eocene	37.71
		Bartonian				Late Uintan/Early Uintan													39.7
		Lutetian				Late Uintan/Early Uintan													41.2
		Lutetian				Twinbuttean/Blacksforkian/Gardnerbuttian													46.2
		Ypresian				Twinbuttean/Blacksforkian/Gardnerbuttian												Early Eocene	47.8
						Lostcabinian/Lysitean/Graybullian/Sandcouleean													50.5
								Cf3/Cf2/Cf1											54.9
	Paleocene	Thanetian						Cf3/Cf2/Cf1										Late Paleocene	56
		Thanetian						Ti6/Ti5/Ti4/Ti3/Ti2/Ti1										Late Paleocene	56.2
		Selandian						Ti6/Ti5/Ti4/Ti3/Ti2/Ti1										Middle Paleocene	59.2
		Selandian						To3/To2/To1										Middle Paleocene	60.9
		Danian						To3/To2/To1										Early Paleocene	61.6
		Danian						Pu3/Pu2/Pu1										Early Paleocene	63.8
Cretaceous	Late Cretaceous	Maastrichtian														Late Maastrichtian/Early Maastrichtian			66
		Campanian														Late Campanian/Middle Campanian/Early Campanian			72.1
		Santonian														Late Santonian/Middle Santonian/Early Santonian			83.6
		Coniacian														Late Coniacian/Middle Coniacian/Early Coniacian			86.3
		Turonian														Late Turonian/Middle Turonian/Early Turonian			89.8
		Cenomanian														Late Cenomanian/Middle Cenomanian/Early Cenomanian			93.9
	Early Cretaceous	Albian														Late Albian			100.5
																Middle Albian			106.2 *
																Early Albian			109.9 *
		Aptian														Late Aptian			113
		Aptian														Early Aptian			119.5 *
		Barremian														Late Barremian/Early Barremian			121.4
		Hauterivian														Late Hauterivian/Early Hauterivian			125.77
		Valanginian														Late Valanginian/Early Valanginian			132.6
		Berriasian														Late Berriasian			139.8
																Middle Berriasian			140.6 *
																Early Berriasian			142.7 *
Jurassic	Late Jurassic	Tithonian														Late Tithonian	Middle Tithonian		145
		Tithonian														Early Tithonian	Middle Tithonian		146.3 *
		Kimmeridgian														Late Kimmeridgian			149.2
		Kimmeridgian														Early Kimmeridgian			152.2 *
		Oxfordian														Late Oxfordian	Middle Oxfordian/Early Oxfordian		154.8
		Oxfordian															Middle Oxfordian/Early Oxfordian		157.9 *
	Middle Jurassic	Callovian														Late Callovian/Middle Callovian/Early Callovian			161.5
		Bathonian		Late Bathonian/Middle Bathonian/Early Bathonian	165.3
		Bajocian		Late Bajocian	168.2
		Bajocian		Early Bajocian	168.6 *
		Aalenian		Late Aalenian/Middle Aalenian/Early Aalenian	170.9
	Early Jurassic	Toarcian		Late Toarcian	174.7
				Middle Toarcian	180.4 *
				Early Toarcian	182.9 *
		Pliensbachian		Late Pliensbachian/Early Pliensbachian	184.2
		Sinemurian		Late Sinemurian/Early Sinemurian	192.9
		Hettangian		Late Hettangian/Middle Hettangian/Early Hettangian	199.5
Triassic	Late Triassic	Rhaetian			201.4
		Norian		Sevatian	208.5
				Alaunian	213.2 *
				Lacian	216.7 *
		Carnian		Tuvalian	227
		Carnian		Julian	233.4 *
	Middle Triassic	Ladinian		Longobardian	237
		Ladinian		Fassanian	239.7 *
		Anisian		Illyrian	242
				Pelsonian	243.8 *
				Bithynian	244.7 *
				Aegean	245.5 *
	Early Triassic	Olenekian		Spathian	247.2
		Olenekian		Smithian	248.9 *
		Induan		Dienerian	251.2
		Induan		Griesbachian	251.4 *
Permian	Lopingian	Changhsingian			251.902
	Lopingian	Wuchiapingian			Longtanian †		254.14
	Guadalupian	Capitanian					259.51
		Wordian					264.28
		Roadian					266.9
	Cisuralian	Kungurian					273.01
		Artinskian					283.5
		Sakmarian				290.1
		Asselian				293.52
Carboniferous	Pennsylvanian	Gzhelian				298.9
		Gzhelian				Xiaodushanian	300 *
		Kasimovian				Xiaodushanian	303.7
		Kasimovian				Dalaun	305.8 *
		Moscovian					307
		Bashkirian	315.2
			Huashibanian			318.5 *
			Lousuan			321.2 *
	Mississippian	Serpukhovian	Dewunian			323.2
		Serpukhovian	Shangsian			330.8 *
		Visean	Shangsian			330.9
		Visean	Jiusian			335 *
		Tournaisian	Tangbagouan			346.7
Devonian	Late Devonian	Famennian				358.9
	Late Devonian	Frasnian				372.2
	Middle Devonian	Givetian				382.7
	Middle Devonian	Eifelian				387.7
	Early Devonian	Emsian				393.3
		Pragian				407.6
		Lochkovian				410.8
Silurian	Pridoli					Cayugan	419.2
	Pridoli					Niagaran	422.5 *
	Ludlow	Ludfordian					423
	Ludlow	Gorstian					425.6
	Wenlock	Homerian					Lockportian	427.4
	Wenlock	Sheinwoodian						430.5
	Llandovery	Telychian					Ontarian	433.4
		Aeronian						438.5
								Alexandrian	438.7 *
						Medinan	Clinton		440.1 *
									440.7 *
		Rhuddanian							440.8
Ordovician	Late Ordovician	Hirnantian				Harju		Porkuni		Bolindian	443.8
		Katian						Pirgu		Bolindian	445.2
								Pirgu		Eastonian	449 *
								Vormsi			449.6 *
								Nabala			Johvi †	450 *
						Viru		Rakvere				450.6 *
								Oandu		Gisbornian		452 *
		Sandbian						Keila			Idavere †	453
								Haljala				453.9
								Kukruse				456.4 *
								Uhaku			Aluoja †	457.5 *
	Middle Ordovician	Darriwilian						Uhaku		Darriwilian		458.4
								Lasnamagi				458.9 *
								Aseri				460.4 *
						Oeland		Kunda				462.9 *
								Kunda			Valaste †/Hunderum	464.3 *
								Volkhov				Langevoja †/Vaana/Saka	467.1 *
		Dapingian								Yapeenian			467.3
										Castlemainian			468.5 *
								Billingen		Castlemainian			469.3 *
	Early Ordovician	Floian								Chewtonian			470
										Chewtonian	Latorp †		470.1 *
										Bendigonian			471.8 *
				Lancefieldian						473.5 *
								Hunneberg		473.7 *
		Tremadocian			477.7			Hunneberg
					Varangu			481.3 *
					Pakerort			482.2 *
				Warendian				482.8 *
Cambrian	Furongian	Stage 10						Datsonian			485.4
											486.3 *
											486.5
								Payntonian			486.8 *
		Jiangshanian						Iverian			489.5
		Paibian						Idamean			494
	Miaolingian	Guzhangian						Series 3 †			Mindyallan		497
		Guzhangian									Boomerangian		499
		Drumian									Undillan		500.5
		Drumian									Floran		503
		Wuliuan									Stage 5 †		Templetonian	504.5
		Wuliuan									Stage 5 †		Ordian	507.8 *
	Series 2	Stage 4											Ordian	509
																			510.8 *