PBDB Timescale

Obsolete Names for ICS Units

The interval definitions in this timescale are derived from the following sources:

W. B. Harland, R. L. Armstrong, A. V. Cox, L. E. Craig, A. G. Smith and D. G. Smith. 1990. A Geologic Time Scale 1989. view
K. M. Cohen, S.C. Finney, P.L. Gibbard and J.-X. Fan. 2023. The ICS International Chronostratigraphic Chart v2023/09. view
M. O. Woodburne. 1987. A prospectus of the North American Mammal Ages. In: Woodburne, M. O. (ed.), Cenozoic Mammals of North America. University of California Press, Berkelery, CA 285-290 view
J. Alroy. 2000. New methods for quantifying macroevolutionary patterns and processes. Paleobiology 26(4):707-733 view
F. M. Gradstein, F. P. Agterberg, J. G. Ogg, J. Hardenbol, P. Van Veen, J. Thierry, and Z. Huang. 1995. A Triassic, Jurassic, and Cretaceous time scale. SEPM Special Publication 54 view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, M. D. Schmitz and G. M. Ogg. 2020. Geologic Time Scale 2020 view
J. Palfy, P. L. Smith, and J. K. Mortensen. 2000. A U-Pb and 40Ar/39Ar time scale for the Jurassic. Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences 37(6):923-944 view
M. Kretzoi. 1942. Necroteuthis n. g. (Ceph. Dibr., Necroteuthidae N. F.) aus dem Oligozän von Budapest und das system der Dibranchiata. Földtani Közlöny 72:125-238 view
B. D. Webby. 1998. Steps toward a global standard for Ordovician stratigraphy. Newsletters in Stratigraphy 36:1-33 view

There are 55 timescales which overlap this one. show

Interval boundaries marked with * have been interpolated based on the differences between the ages for international timescale boundaries quoted in the source and the currently accepted ages for those boundaries.

Interval names marked with † are no longer in current use.

This timescale is used in the definition of 92 collections

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International Chronostratigraphic Timescale			Obsolete Names for ICS Units			North American Mammal Subages/Zones			Mesozoic Subages		Silurian of the Baltic	Ordovician of North America
Quaternary	Pleistocene	Late Pleistocene				Sheridanian										0.0117
		Chibanian				Sheridanian										0.129
		Chibanian				Cudahyan/Sappan										0.21
		Calabrian				Cudahyan/Sappan										0.774
		Calabrian				Senecan/Rexroadian										1.4
		Gelasian														1.8
Neogene	Pliocene	Piacenzian	Tertiary †													2.58
		Zanclean														3.6
		Zanclean				Late Hemphillian/late Early Hemphillian/early Early Hemphillian										4.7
	Miocene	Messinian														5.333
		Tortonian														7.246
		Tortonian				Late Clarendonian/Early Clarendonian										9.4
		Serravallian				Late Clarendonian/Early Clarendonian										11.63
		Serravallian				late Late Barstovian/early Late Barstovian/Early Barstovian										12.5
		Langhian														13.82
		Burdigalian														15.98
						Late Hemingfordian/Early Hemingfordian										16.3
						late Late Arikareean/early Late Arikareean/late Early Arikareean/early Early Arikareean	Harrisonian									18.5
		Aquitanian														20.44
Paleogene	Oligocene	Chattian														23.03
							Monroecreekian									23.1 *
							Geringian									24.7 *
		Rupelian					Geringian									27.82
		Rupelian														29.5
	Eocene	Priabonian				Late Chadronian/Middle Chadronian/Early Chadronian										33.9
		Priabonian														37
		Bartonian														37.71
		Bartonian				Late Uintan/Early Uintan										39.7
		Lutetian				Late Uintan/Early Uintan										41.2
		Lutetian				Twinbuttean/Blacksforkian/Gardnerbuttian										46.2
		Ypresian				Twinbuttean/Blacksforkian/Gardnerbuttian										47.8
						Lostcabinian/Lysitean/Graybullian/Sandcouleean										50.5
								Cf3/Cf2/Cf1								54.9
	Paleocene	Thanetian						Cf3/Cf2/Cf1								56
		Thanetian						Ti6/Ti5/Ti4/Ti3/Ti2/Ti1								56.2
		Selandian						Ti6/Ti5/Ti4/Ti3/Ti2/Ti1								59.2
		Selandian						To3/To2/To1								60.9
		Danian						To3/To2/To1								61.6
		Danian						Pu3/Pu2/Pu1								63.8
Cretaceous	Late Cretaceous	Maastrichtian							Late Maastrichtian/Early Maastrichtian							66
		Campanian							Late Campanian/Middle Campanian/Early Campanian							72.1
		Santonian							Late Santonian/Middle Santonian/Early Santonian							83.6
		Coniacian							Late Coniacian/Middle Coniacian/Early Coniacian							86.3
		Turonian							Late Turonian/Middle Turonian/Early Turonian							89.8
		Cenomanian							Late Cenomanian/Middle Cenomanian/Early Cenomanian							93.9
	Early Cretaceous	Albian							Late Albian							100.5
									Middle Albian							106.2 *
									Early Albian							109.9 *
		Aptian							Late Aptian							113
		Aptian							Early Aptian							119.5 *
		Barremian							Late Barremian/Early Barremian							121.4
		Hauterivian							Late Hauterivian/Early Hauterivian							125.77
		Valanginian							Late Valanginian/Early Valanginian							132.6
		Berriasian							Late Berriasian							139.8
									Middle Berriasian							140.6 *
									Early Berriasian							142.7 *
Jurassic	Late Jurassic	Tithonian							Late Tithonian	Middle Tithonian						145
		Tithonian							Early Tithonian	Middle Tithonian						146.3 *
		Kimmeridgian							Late Kimmeridgian							149.2
		Kimmeridgian							Early Kimmeridgian							152.2 *
		Oxfordian							Late Oxfordian	Middle Oxfordian/Early Oxfordian						154.8
		Oxfordian								Middle Oxfordian/Early Oxfordian						157.9 *
	Middle Jurassic	Callovian							Late Callovian/Middle Callovian/Early Callovian							161.5
		Bathonian							Late Bathonian/Middle Bathonian/Early Bathonian							165.3
		Bajocian		Late Bajocian	168.2
		Bajocian		Early Bajocian	168.6 *
		Aalenian		Late Aalenian/Middle Aalenian/Early Aalenian	170.9
	Early Jurassic	Toarcian		Late Toarcian	174.7
				Middle Toarcian	180.4 *
				Early Toarcian	182.9 *
		Pliensbachian		Late Pliensbachian/Early Pliensbachian	184.2
		Sinemurian		Late Sinemurian/Early Sinemurian	192.9
		Hettangian		Late Hettangian/Middle Hettangian/Early Hettangian	199.5
Triassic	Late Triassic	Rhaetian			201.4
		Norian		Sevatian	208.5
				Alaunian	213.2 *
				Lacian	216.7 *
		Carnian		Tuvalian	227
		Carnian		Julian	233.4 *
	Middle Triassic	Ladinian		Longobardian	237
		Ladinian		Fassanian	239.7 *
		Anisian		Illyrian	242
				Pelsonian	243.8 *
				Bithynian	244.7 *
				Aegean	245.5 *
	Early Triassic	Olenekian		Spathian	247.2
		Olenekian		Smithian	248.9 *
		Induan		Dienerian	251.2
		Induan		Griesbachian	251.4 *
Permian	Lopingian	Changhsingian			251.902
	Lopingian	Wuchiapingian			Longtanian †		254.14
	Guadalupian	Capitanian					259.51
		Wordian					264.28
		Roadian					266.9
	Cisuralian	Kungurian					273.01
		Artinskian					283.5
		Sakmarian				290.1
		Asselian				293.52
Carboniferous	Pennsylvanian	Gzhelian				298.9
		Kasimovian				303.7
		Moscovian				307
		Bashkirian				315.2
	Mississippian	Serpukhovian				323.2
		Visean	330.9
		Tournaisian	346.7
Devonian	Late Devonian	Famennian	358.9
	Late Devonian	Frasnian	372.2
	Middle Devonian	Givetian	382.7
	Middle Devonian	Eifelian	387.7
	Early Devonian	Emsian	393.3
		Pragian	407.6
		Lochkovian	410.8
Silurian	Pridoli		Ohesaare			419.2
	Pridoli		Kaugetuma			421.7 *
	Ludlow	Ludfordian	Kuressaare			423
		Ludfordian	Paadla			423.4 *
		Gorstian	Paadla			425.6
	Wenlock	Homerian	Rootsikula			427.4
		Homerian	Jaagarahu			429.2 *
		Sheinwoodian	Jaagarahu			430.5
		Sheinwoodian	Jaani			431.8 *
	Llandovery	Telychian	Jaani			433.4
		Telychian	Adavere			434 *
		Aeronian	Adavere			438.5
		Aeronian	Raikkula			439.4 *
		Rhuddanian	Raikkula			440.8
		Rhuddanian	Juuru			441.4 *
Ordovician	Late Ordovician	Hirnantian				Cincinnatian	Gamachian	Harju	Porkuni	443.8
		Katian					Gamachian		Pirgu	445.2
							Richmondian		Pirgu	446 *
							Richmondian		Vormsi	449.6 *
							Maysvillian		Vormsi	Rocklandian †/Shermanian/Ashbyan/Kirkfieldian/Blackriveran/Wildernessian/Trentonian/Franklinian	449.8 *
							Maysvillian		Nabala		Johvi †	450 *
							Edenian		Nabala			450.4 *
							Edenian	Viru	Rakvere			450.6 *
						Mohawkian	Chatfieldian		Rakvere			451.1 *
									Oandu			452 *
		Sandbian							Keila		Idavere †	453
							Turinian		Keila			453.7 *
									Haljala			453.9
									Kukruse			456.4 *
						Whiterockian			Kukruse	Canadian †		Chazyan †/Marmor	457 *
									Uhaku		Aluoja †		457.5 *
	Middle Ordovician	Darriwilian							Uhaku				458.4
									Lasnamagi				458.9 *
									Aseri				460.4 *
								Oeland	Kunda				462.9 *
									Kunda		Valaste †/Hunderum		464.3 *
									Volkhov				Langevoja †/Vaana/Saka	467.1 *
		Dapingian												467.3
							Rangerian							469.1 *
							Rangerian		Billingen					469.3 *
	Early Ordovician	Floian				Ibexian	Blackhillsian					Jeffersonian †		Cassinian †	470
				Latorp †									470.1 *
									Hunneberg				473.7 *
					Tulean		473.9 *
		Tremadocian			Tulean		477.7
					Stairsian		480.3 *
					Stairsian		Varangu		481.3 *
					Skullrockian		Varangu		Demingian †				482 *
							Pakerort		Demingian †				482.2 *
Cambrian	Furongian	Stage 10					Pakerort						485.4
													486.3 *
													486.5
													487.5
		Jiangshanian											489.5
		Paibian											494
	Miaolingian	Guzhangian											Series 3 †	497
		Drumian												500.5
		Wuliuan												Stage 5 †	504.5
																509