PBDB Timescale

Obsolete Names for ICS Units

The interval definitions in this timescale are derived from the following sources:

W. B. Harland, R. L. Armstrong, A. V. Cox, L. E. Craig, A. G. Smith and D. G. Smith. 1990. A Geologic Time Scale 1989. view
K. M. Cohen, S.C. Finney, P.L. Gibbard and J.-X. Fan. 2023. The ICS International Chronostratigraphic Chart v2023/09. view
M. O. Woodburne. 1987. A prospectus of the North American Mammal Ages. In: Woodburne, M. O. (ed.), Cenozoic Mammals of North America. University of California Press, Berkelery, CA 285-290 view
J. Alroy. 2000. New methods for quantifying macroevolutionary patterns and processes. Paleobiology 26(4):707-733 view
F. M. Gradstein, F. P. Agterberg, J. G. Ogg, J. Hardenbol, P. Van Veen, J. Thierry, and Z. Huang. 1995. A Triassic, Jurassic, and Cretaceous time scale. SEPM Special Publication 54 view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, M. D. Schmitz and G. M. Ogg. 2020. Geologic Time Scale 2020 view
J. Palfy, P. L. Smith, and J. K. Mortensen. 2000. A U-Pb and 40Ar/39Ar time scale for the Jurassic. Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences 37(6):923-944 view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, and A. G. Smith. 2004. A Geologic Time Scale 2004 1-589 view
D. H. Erwin and S. A. Bowring. 2004. Cambrian time scale. view
B. D. Webby. 1998. Steps toward a global standard for Ordovician stratigraphy. Newsletters in Stratigraphy 36:1-33 view
M. Kretzoi. 1942. Necroteuthis n. g. (Ceph. Dibr., Necroteuthidae N. F.) aus dem Oligozän von Budapest und das system der Dibranchiata. Földtani Közlöny 72:125-238 view

There are 55 timescales which overlap this one. show

Interval boundaries marked with * have been interpolated based on the differences between the ages for international timescale boundaries quoted in the source and the currently accepted ages for those boundaries.

Interval names marked with † are no longer in current use.

This timescale is used in the definition of 92 collections

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International Chronostratigraphic Timescale			Obsolete Names for ICS Units			North American Mammal Subages/Zones			Mesozoic Subages		Obsolete Carboniferous Ages of China	Cambrian Epochs	Cambrian of Siberia					Devonian Subages
Quaternary	Pleistocene	Late Pleistocene				Sheridanian													0.0117
		Chibanian				Sheridanian													0.129
		Chibanian				Cudahyan/Sappan													0.21
		Calabrian				Cudahyan/Sappan													0.774
		Calabrian				Senecan/Rexroadian													1.4
		Gelasian																	1.8
Neogene	Pliocene	Piacenzian	Tertiary †																2.58
		Zanclean																	3.6
		Zanclean				Late Hemphillian/late Early Hemphillian/early Early Hemphillian													4.7
	Miocene	Messinian																	5.333
		Tortonian																	7.246
		Tortonian				Late Clarendonian/Early Clarendonian													9.4
		Serravallian				Late Clarendonian/Early Clarendonian													11.63
		Serravallian				late Late Barstovian/early Late Barstovian/Early Barstovian													12.5
		Langhian																	13.82
		Burdigalian																	15.98
						Late Hemingfordian/Early Hemingfordian													16.3
						late Late Arikareean/early Late Arikareean/late Early Arikareean/early Early Arikareean	Harrisonian												18.5
		Aquitanian																	20.44
Paleogene	Oligocene	Chattian																	23.03
							Monroecreekian												23.1 *
							Geringian												24.7 *
		Rupelian					Geringian												27.82
		Rupelian																	29.5
	Eocene	Priabonian				Late Chadronian/Middle Chadronian/Early Chadronian													33.9
		Priabonian																	37
		Bartonian																	37.71
		Bartonian				Late Uintan/Early Uintan													39.7
		Lutetian				Late Uintan/Early Uintan													41.2
		Lutetian				Twinbuttean/Blacksforkian/Gardnerbuttian													46.2
		Ypresian				Twinbuttean/Blacksforkian/Gardnerbuttian													47.8
						Lostcabinian/Lysitean/Graybullian/Sandcouleean													50.5
								Cf3/Cf2/Cf1											54.9
	Paleocene	Thanetian						Cf3/Cf2/Cf1											56
		Thanetian						Ti6/Ti5/Ti4/Ti3/Ti2/Ti1											56.2
		Selandian						Ti6/Ti5/Ti4/Ti3/Ti2/Ti1											59.2
		Selandian						To3/To2/To1											60.9
		Danian						To3/To2/To1											61.6
		Danian						Pu3/Pu2/Pu1											63.8
Cretaceous	Late Cretaceous	Maastrichtian							Late Maastrichtian/Early Maastrichtian										66
		Campanian							Late Campanian/Middle Campanian/Early Campanian										72.1
		Santonian							Late Santonian/Middle Santonian/Early Santonian										83.6
		Coniacian							Late Coniacian/Middle Coniacian/Early Coniacian										86.3
		Turonian							Late Turonian/Middle Turonian/Early Turonian										89.8
		Cenomanian							Late Cenomanian/Middle Cenomanian/Early Cenomanian										93.9
	Early Cretaceous	Albian							Late Albian										100.5
									Middle Albian										106.2 *
									Early Albian										109.9 *
		Aptian							Late Aptian										113
		Aptian							Early Aptian										119.5 *
		Barremian							Late Barremian/Early Barremian										121.4
		Hauterivian							Late Hauterivian/Early Hauterivian										125.77
		Valanginian							Late Valanginian/Early Valanginian										132.6
		Berriasian							Late Berriasian										139.8
									Middle Berriasian										140.6 *
									Early Berriasian										142.7 *
Jurassic	Late Jurassic	Tithonian							Late Tithonian	Middle Tithonian									145
		Tithonian							Early Tithonian	Middle Tithonian									146.3 *
		Kimmeridgian							Late Kimmeridgian										149.2
		Kimmeridgian							Early Kimmeridgian										152.2 *
		Oxfordian							Late Oxfordian	Middle Oxfordian/Early Oxfordian									154.8
		Oxfordian								Middle Oxfordian/Early Oxfordian									157.9 *
	Middle Jurassic	Callovian							Late Callovian/Middle Callovian/Early Callovian										161.5
		Bathonian							Late Bathonian/Middle Bathonian/Early Bathonian										165.3
		Bajocian		Late Bajocian	168.2
		Bajocian		Early Bajocian	168.6 *
		Aalenian		Late Aalenian/Middle Aalenian/Early Aalenian	170.9
	Early Jurassic	Toarcian		Late Toarcian	174.7
				Middle Toarcian	180.4 *
				Early Toarcian	182.9 *
		Pliensbachian		Late Pliensbachian/Early Pliensbachian	184.2
		Sinemurian		Late Sinemurian/Early Sinemurian	192.9
		Hettangian		Late Hettangian/Middle Hettangian/Early Hettangian	199.5
Triassic	Late Triassic	Rhaetian			201.4
		Norian		Sevatian	208.5
				Alaunian	213.2 *
				Lacian	216.7 *
		Carnian		Tuvalian	227
		Carnian		Julian	233.4 *
	Middle Triassic	Ladinian		Longobardian	237
		Ladinian		Fassanian	239.7 *
		Anisian		Illyrian	242
				Pelsonian	243.8 *
				Bithynian	244.7 *
				Aegean	245.5 *
	Early Triassic	Olenekian		Spathian	247.2
		Olenekian		Smithian	248.9 *
		Induan		Dienerian	251.2
		Induan		Griesbachian	251.4 *
Permian	Lopingian	Changhsingian			251.902
	Lopingian	Wuchiapingian			Longtanian †		254.14
	Guadalupian	Capitanian					259.51
		Wordian					264.28
		Roadian					266.9
	Cisuralian	Kungurian					273.01
		Artinskian					283.5
		Sakmarian				290.1
		Asselian				293.52
Carboniferous	Pennsylvanian	Gzhelian				Mapingian †	298.9
		Kasimovian				Mapingian †	303.7
		Kasimovian					305.9
		Moscovian					307
		Bashkirian					315.2
	Mississippian	Serpukhovian	323.2
		Visean	330.9
		Tournaisian	346.7
Devonian	Late Devonian	Famennian	Late Famennian				358.9
			Middle Famennian				365.3 *
			Early Famennian				368.5 *
		Frasnian	Late Frasnian				372.2
			Middle Frasnian				375.4 *
			Early Frasnian				379.3 *
	Middle Devonian	Givetian	Late Givetian				382.7
			Middle Givetian				383.7 *
			Early Givetian				385.9 *
		Eifelian	Late Eifelian				387.7
		Eifelian	Early Eifelian				390.3 *
	Early Devonian	Emsian	Late Emsian				393.3
		Emsian	Early Emsian				398.3 *
		Pragian	Pragian				407.6
		Lochkovian	Late Lochkovian				410.8
			Middle Lochkovian				412.8 *
			Early Lochkovian				415.6 *
Silurian	Pridoli						Ohesaare	419.2
	Pridoli						Kaugetuma	421.7 *
	Ludlow	Ludfordian					Kuressaare	423
		Ludfordian					Paadla	423.4 *
		Gorstian					Paadla	425.6
	Wenlock	Homerian					Rootsikula	427.4
		Homerian					Jaagarahu	429.2 *
		Sheinwoodian					Jaagarahu	430.5
		Sheinwoodian					Jaani	431.8 *
	Llandovery	Telychian					Jaani	433.4
		Telychian					Adavere	434 *
		Aeronian					Adavere	438.5
		Aeronian					Raikkula	439.4 *
		Rhuddanian					Raikkula	440.8
		Rhuddanian					Juuru	441.4 *
Ordovician	Late Ordovician	Hirnantian					Harju	Porkuni		Cincinnatian	Gamachian	443.8
		Katian						Pirgu			Gamachian	445.2
								Pirgu			Richmondian	446 *
								Vormsi			Richmondian	449.6 *
								Vormsi			Maysvillian	Rocklandian †/Shermanian/Ashbyan/Kirkfieldian/Blackriveran/Wildernessian/Trentonian/Franklinian	449.8 *
								Nabala			Maysvillian		Johvi †	450 *
								Nabala			Edenian			450.4 *
							Viru	Rakvere			Edenian			450.6 *
								Rakvere		Mohawkian	Chatfieldian			451.1 *
								Oandu						452 *
		Sandbian						Keila					Idavere †	453
								Keila			Turinian			453.7 *
								Haljala						453.9
								Kukruse						456.4 *
								Kukruse		Whiterockian		Canadian †		Chazyan †/Marmor	457 *
				Uhaku				Aluoja †					457.5 *
	Middle Ordovician	Darriwilian		Uhaku									458.4
				Lasnamagi	458.9 *
				Aseri	460.4 *
				Oeland	Kunda		462.9 *
					Kunda		Valaste †/Hunderum	464.3 *
					Volkhov			Langevoja †/Vaana/Saka					467.1 *
		Dapingian											467.3
											Rangerian		469.1 *
					Billingen						Rangerian		469.3 *
	Early Ordovician	Floian								Ibexian	Blackhillsian		Jeffersonian †	Cassinian †	470
						Latorp †		470.1 *
					Hunneberg			473.7 *
								Tulean			473.9 *
		Tremadocian						Tulean			477.7
								Stairsian			480.3 *
					Varangu			Stairsian			481.3 *
					Varangu			Skullrockian			Demingian †			482 *
					Pakerort									482.2 *
														Mansian †	483.55 *
Cambrian	Furongian	Stage 10				Late Cambrian					Batyrbaian	Tavgian †	Ketyan †/Yurakian			485.4
																486.3 *
																486.5
																487.5
		Jiangshanian														489.5
											Aksaian					490.7 *
											Sakian					492.2 *
		Paibian														494
		Paibian											Ensyan †/Maduan/Nganasanian			494.7 *
	Miaolingian	Guzhangian				Series 3 †					Middle Cambrian	Ayusokkanian					497
		Guzhangian										Mayan/Menevian					499.5
		Drumian										Mayan/Menevian					500.5
		Wuliuan										Stage 5 †					Amgan/Solvan	504.5
	Series 2	Stage 4										Early Cambrian					Amgan/Solvan	509
			Toyonian										Lenian †				510 *
			Botomian														512.5 *
		Stage 3	Botomian														514
		Stage 3	Atdabanian														515.6 *
	Terreneuvian	Stage 2	Tommotian														521
		Stage 2	Nemakit-Daldynian														525.5
		Fortunian	Nemakit-Daldynian										Manykaian †				529
																			538.8