PBDB Timescale

Obsolete Names for ICS Units

The interval definitions in this timescale are derived from the following sources:

W. B. Harland, R. L. Armstrong, A. V. Cox, L. E. Craig, A. G. Smith and D. G. Smith. 1990. A Geologic Time Scale 1989. view
K. M. Cohen, S.C. Finney, P.L. Gibbard and J.-X. Fan. 2023. The ICS International Chronostratigraphic Chart v2023/09. view
M. O. Woodburne. 1987. A prospectus of the North American Mammal Ages. In: Woodburne, M. O. (ed.), Cenozoic Mammals of North America. University of California Press, Berkelery, CA 285-290 view
J. Alroy. 2000. New methods for quantifying macroevolutionary patterns and processes. Paleobiology 26(4):707-733 view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, M. D. Schmitz and G. M. Ogg. 2020. Geologic Time Scale 2020 view
M. Kretzoi. 1942. Necroteuthis n. g. (Ceph. Dibr., Necroteuthidae N. F.) aus dem Oligozän von Budapest und das system der Dibranchiata. Földtani Közlöny 72:125-238 view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, and A. G. Smith. 2004. A Geologic Time Scale 2004 1-589 view

There are 55 timescales which overlap this one. show

Interval boundaries marked with * have been interpolated based on the differences between the ages for international timescale boundaries quoted in the source and the currently accepted ages for those boundaries.

Interval names marked with † are no longer in current use.

This timescale is used in the definition of 92 collections

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International Chronostratigraphic Timescale			Obsolete Names for ICS Units			North American Mammal Subages/Zones			Ten Million Year Bins	Ordovician of North America						Carboniferous Subepochs	Permian of North America		Devonian of Czechoslovakia	Cambrian Epochs
Quaternary	Holocene	Meghalayan							Cenozoic 6												0
		Northgrippian																			0.0042
		Greenlandian																			0.0082
	Pleistocene	Late Pleistocene				Sheridanian															0.0117
		Chibanian				Sheridanian															0.129
		Chibanian				Cudahyan/Sappan															0.21
		Calabrian				Cudahyan/Sappan															0.774
		Calabrian				Senecan/Rexroadian															1.4
		Gelasian																			1.8
Neogene	Pliocene	Piacenzian	Tertiary †																		2.58
		Zanclean																			3.6
		Zanclean				Late Hemphillian/late Early Hemphillian/early Early Hemphillian															4.7
	Miocene	Messinian																			5.333
		Tortonian																			7.246
		Tortonian				Late Clarendonian/Early Clarendonian															9.4
		Serravallian				Late Clarendonian/Early Clarendonian			Cenozoic 5												11.63
		Serravallian				late Late Barstovian/early Late Barstovian/Early Barstovian															12.5
		Langhian																			13.82
		Burdigalian																			15.98
						Late Hemingfordian/Early Hemingfordian															16.3
						late Late Arikareean/early Late Arikareean/late Early Arikareean/early Early Arikareean	Harrisonian														18.5
		Aquitanian																			20.44
Paleogene	Oligocene	Chattian							Cenozoic 4												23.03
							Monroecreekian														23.1 *
							Geringian														24.7 *
		Rupelian					Geringian														27.82
		Rupelian																			29.5
	Eocene	Priabonian				Late Chadronian/Middle Chadronian/Early Chadronian			Cenozoic 3												33.9
		Priabonian																			37
		Bartonian																			37.71
		Bartonian				Late Uintan/Early Uintan															39.7
		Lutetian				Late Uintan/Early Uintan			Cenozoic 2												41.2
		Lutetian				Twinbuttean/Blacksforkian/Gardnerbuttian															46.2
		Ypresian				Twinbuttean/Blacksforkian/Gardnerbuttian															47.8
						Lostcabinian/Lysitean/Graybullian/Sandcouleean															50.5
								Cf3/Cf2/Cf1													54.9
	Paleocene	Thanetian						Cf3/Cf2/Cf1	Cenozoic 1												56
		Thanetian						Ti6/Ti5/Ti4/Ti3/Ti2/Ti1													56.2
		Selandian						Ti6/Ti5/Ti4/Ti3/Ti2/Ti1													59.2
		Selandian						To3/To2/To1													60.9
		Danian						To3/To2/To1													61.6
		Danian						Pu3/Pu2/Pu1													63.8
Cretaceous	Late Cretaceous	Maastrichtian							Cretaceous 8												66
		Campanian							Cretaceous 7												72.1
		Santonian							Cretaceous 6												83.6
		Coniacian																			86.3
		Turonian																			89.8
		Cenomanian							Cretaceous 5												93.9
	Early Cretaceous	Albian							Cretaceous 4												100.5
		Aptian							Cretaceous 3												113
		Barremian							Cretaceous 2												121.4
		Hauterivian							Cretaceous 2												125.77
		Valanginian							Cretaceous 1												132.6
		Berriasian							Cretaceous 1												139.8
Jurassic	Late Jurassic	Tithonian							Jurassic 6												145
		Kimmeridgian							Jurassic 5												149.2
		Oxfordian																			154.8
	Middle Jurassic	Callovian																			161.5
		Bathonian							Jurassic 4												165.3
		Bajocian							Jurassic 4												168.2
		Aalenian							Jurassic 3												170.9
	Early Jurassic	Toarcian							Jurassic 3												174.7
		Pliensbachian							Jurassic 2												184.2
		Sinemurian							Jurassic 1												192.9
		Hettangian		199.5					Jurassic 1
Triassic	Late Triassic	Rhaetian		Triassic 4	201.4
		Norian		Triassic 4	208.5
		Carnian		Triassic 3	227
	Middle Triassic	Ladinian		Triassic 2	237
	Middle Triassic	Anisian		Triassic 2	242
	Early Triassic	Olenekian		Triassic 1	247.2
	Early Triassic	Induan		Triassic 1	251.2
Permian	Lopingian	Changhsingian		Permian 4	251.902
	Lopingian	Wuchiapingian			Longtanian †				Zechstein	254.14
	Guadalupian	Capitanian							Capitanian	Rotliegendes	259.51
		Wordian							Wordian		264.28
		Roadian		Permian 3					Roadian		266.9
	Cisuralian	Kungurian		Permian 2					Leonardian		Cathedralian	273.01
		Kungurian									Hessian	281.9 *
		Artinskian								Autunian	Hessian	283.5
		Artinskian							Wolfcampian		Lenoxian	286.1 *
		Sakmarian									Lenoxian	290.1
		Asselian		Permian 1							Nealian	293.52
Carboniferous	Pennsylvanian	Gzhelian		Carboniferous 5					Late Pennsylvanian				298.9
		Kasimovian		Carboniferous 5					Late Pennsylvanian				303.7
		Moscovian		Carboniferous 4					Middle Pennsylvanian				307
		Bashkirian		Carboniferous 4					Early Pennsylvanian				315.2
	Mississippian	Serpukhovian		Carboniferous 3					Late Mississippian				323.2
		Visean		Carboniferous 2					Middle Mississippian				330.9
		Tournaisian		Carboniferous 1					Early Mississippian				346.7
Devonian	Late Devonian	Famennian		Devonian 5					Late Famennian				358.9
									Middle Famennian				365.3 *
									Early Famennian				368.5 *
		Frasnian		Devonian 4					Late Frasnian				372.2
									Middle Frasnian				375.4 *
									Early Frasnian				379.3 *
	Middle Devonian	Givetian		Devonian 3					Srbsko				Late Givetian	382.7
													Middle Givetian	383.7 *
													Early Givetian	385.9 *
		Eifelian				Chotec			Late Eifelian				387.7
		Eifelian				Chotec			Early Eifelian				390.3 *
	Early Devonian	Emsian		Devonian 2		Daleje/Zlichovian			Late Emsian				393.3
		Emsian		Devonian 2		Daleje/Zlichovian			Early Emsian				398.3 *
		Pragian		Devonian 1		Pragian			Pragian				407.6
		Lochkovian				Lochkovian			Late Lochkovian				410.8
									Middle Lochkovian				412.8 *
			Early Lochkovian					415.6 *
Silurian	Pridoli		Silurian 2					419.2
	Ludlow	Ludfordian						423
	Ludlow	Gorstian						425.6
	Wenlock	Homerian						427.4
	Wenlock	Sheinwoodian						430.5
	Llandovery	Telychian	Silurian 1					433.4
		Aeronian						438.5
		Rhuddanian						440.8
Ordovician	Late Ordovician	Hirnantian	Ordovician 5					Cincinnatian	Gamachian				443.8
		Katian							Gamachian				445.2
									Richmondian				446 *
									Maysvillian				Rocklandian †/Shermanian/Ashbyan/Kirkfieldian/Blackriveran/Wildernessian/Trentonian/Franklinian	449.8 *
									Edenian					450.4 *
								Mohawkian	Chatfieldian					451.1 *
		Sandbian	Ordovician 4						Chatfieldian					453
									Turinian					453.7 *
								Whiterockian					Canadian †	Chazyan †/Marmor	457 *
	Middle Ordovician	Darriwilian	Ordovician 3												458.4
		Dapingian	Ordovician 2												467.3
		Dapingian							Rangerian						469.1 *
	Early Ordovician	Floian						Ibexian	Blackhillsian					Jeffersonian †	Cassinian †	470
		Floian							Tulean							473.9 *
		Tremadocian	Ordovician 1						Tulean							477.7
									Stairsian							480.3 *
									Skullrockian						Demingian †	482 *
Cambrian	Furongian	Stage 10	Cambrian 5						Skullrockian							Late Cambrian	Franconian †/Dresbachian/Millardan	485.4
		Stage 10																Sunwaptan	487.5
		Jiangshanian																Sunwaptan	489.5
		Jiangshanian																Steptoean	493 *
		Paibian																Steptoean	494
	Miaolingian	Guzhangian	Series 3 †													Cambrian 4	Middle Cambrian	Marjumian	Albertian †	497
		Drumian			500.5											Cambrian 4		Marjumian
		Wuliuan			Stage 5 †											Cambrian 3		Topazan		504.5
		Wuliuan			Stage 5 †													Delamaran		506.5
	Series 2	Stage 4															Early Cambrian	Delamaran	Waucoban †	509
		Stage 4																Dyeran		511 *
		Stage 3														Cambrian 2		Dyeran		514
																		Montezuman		514.8 *
																		Begadean		519.9 *
	Terreneuvian	Stage 2																		521
	Terreneuvian	Fortunian								Cambrian 1	529
																					538.8