PBDB Timescale

Obsolete Names for ICS Units

The interval definitions in this timescale are derived from the following sources:

W. B. Harland, R. L. Armstrong, A. V. Cox, L. E. Craig, A. G. Smith and D. G. Smith. 1990. A Geologic Time Scale 1989. view
K. M. Cohen, S.C. Finney, P.L. Gibbard and J.-X. Fan. 2023. The ICS International Chronostratigraphic Chart v2023/09. view
A. D. Barnosky, M. Holmes, R. Kirchholtes, E. Lindsey, K.C. Maguire, A.W. Poust, M.A. Stegner, J. Sunseri, B. Swartz, J. Swift, N.A. Villavicencio and G. Wogan. 2014. Prelude to the Anthropocene: Two new North American Land Mammal Ages (NALMAs). The Anthropocene Review I(3):225-242 view
J. I. Raine, A. G. Beu, A. F. Boyes, H. J. Campbell, R. A. Cooper, J. S. Crampton, M. P. Crundwell, C. J. Hollis, and H. E. G. Morgans. 2015. Revised Calibration of the New Zealand Geological Timescale: NZGT2015/1. GNS Science Report 2012(39) view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, M. D. Schmitz and G. M. Ogg. 2020. Geologic Time Scale 2020 view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, and A. G. Smith. 2004. A Geologic Time Scale 2004 1-589 view
J. Meng and M. C. McKenna. 1998. Faunal turnovers of Paleogene mammals from the Mongolian Plateau. Nature 394:364-367 view

There are 55 timescales which overlap this one. show

Interval boundaries marked with * have been interpolated based on the differences between the ages for international timescale boundaries quoted in the source and the currently accepted ages for those boundaries.

Interval names marked with † are no longer in current use.

This timescale is used in the definition of 92 collections

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International Chronostratigraphic Timescale			Obsolete Names for ICS Units			North American Land Mammal Ages	Cretaceous-Cenozoic of New Zealand		Cambrian of North America	Paleogene Mammal Ages of Asia
Quaternary	Holocene	Meghalayan				Saintaugustinean	Wanganui	Haweran				0
		Meghalayan				Santarosean						0.0004
		Northgrippian										0.0042
		Greenlandian										0.0082
	Pleistocene	Late Pleistocene										0.0117
		Late Pleistocene				Rancholabrean						0.014
		Chibanian				Rancholabrean						0.129
						Irvingtonian						0.21
								Castlecliffian				0.34
		Calabrian										0.774
						Blancan						1.4
								Nukumaruan				1.63
		Gelasian						Nukumaruan				1.8
		Gelasian						Mangapanian				2.4
Neogene	Pliocene	Piacenzian	Tertiary †					Mangapanian				2.58
		Piacenzian						Waipipian				3
		Zanclean						Waipipian				3.6
								Opoitian				3.7
						Hemphillian		Opoitian				4.7
	Miocene	Messinian					Taranaki	Kapitean				5.333
		Messinian						Tongaporutuan				7.2
		Tortonian										7.246
						Clarendonian						9.4
							Southland	Waiauan				11.04
		Serravallian										11.63
						Barstovian						12.5
								Lillburnian				13.05
		Langhian						Lillburnian				13.82
								Clifdenian				15.1
							Pareora	Altonian				15.9
		Burdigalian										15.98
						Hemingfordian						16.3
						Arikareean						18.5
								Otaian				18.7
		Aquitanian						Otaian				20.44
		Aquitanian					Landon	Waitakian				21.7
Paleogene	Oligocene	Chattian						Waitakian		Tabenbulakian	Hsandagolian	23.03
								Duntroonian				25.2
								Whaingaroan				27.3
		Rupelian								Kekeamuan		27.82
						Whitneyan						29.5
						Orellan						31.8
	Eocene	Priabonian				Chadronian				Houldjinian/Ergilian/Ulangochuian		33.9
							Arnold	Runangan				34.6
								Kaiatan				36.7
						Duchesnean						37
		Bartonian								Sharamurunian/Irdinmanhan/Arshantan		37.71
								Bortonian				39.1
						Uintan						39.7
		Lutetian										41.2
							Dannevirke	Porangan				42.6
								Heretaungan				45.7
						Bridgerian						46.2
		Ypresian									Bumbanian	47.8
								Mangaorapan				48.9
						Wasatchian		Mangaorapan				50.5
						Wasatchian		Waipawan				52
						Clarkforkian		Waipawan				54.9
	Paleocene	Thanetian				Clarkforkian		Teurian		Gashatan		56
		Thanetian				Tiffanian				Gashatan		56.2
		Selandian				Tiffanian						59.2
		Selandian				Torrejonian						60.9
		Danian				Torrejonian						61.6
		Danian				Puercan						63.8
Cretaceous	Late Cretaceous	Maastrichtian			Mata	Haumurian	66
		Campanian				Haumurian	72.1
		Santonian				Piripauan	83.6
		Santonian			Raukumara	Teratan	86.1
		Coniacian					86.3
		Turonian					89.8
						Mangaotanean	90.5
						Arowhanan	93.7
		Cenomanian				Arowhanan	93.9
					Clarence	Ngaterian	95.2
						Motuan	99.5
	Early Cretaceous	Albian				Motuan	100.5
						Urutawan	103.3
					Taitai	Korangan	108.4
		Aptian				Korangan	113
		Aptian					117.5
		Barremian					121.4
		Hauterivian					125.77
		Valanginian					132.6
		Berriasian					139.8
Jurassic	Late Jurassic	Tithonian					145
		Kimmeridgian					149.2
		Oxfordian					154.8
	Middle Jurassic	Callovian					161.5
		Bathonian					165.3
		Bajocian					168.2
		Aalenian					170.9
	Early Jurassic	Toarcian					174.7
		Pliensbachian					184.2
		Sinemurian					192.9
		Hettangian					199.5
Triassic	Late Triassic	Rhaetian					201.4
		Norian					208.5
		Carnian					227
	Middle Triassic	Ladinian					237
	Middle Triassic	Anisian					242
	Early Triassic	Olenekian					247.2
	Early Triassic	Induan					251.2
Permian	Lopingian	Changhsingian					Meishanian	251.902
		Changhsingian					Baoqingian	253.4 *
		Wuchiapingian					Longtanian †	Laoshanian	254.14
		Wuchiapingian					Longtanian †	Laibinian	257.7 *
	Guadalupian	Capitanian						Lengwuan	259.51
		Wordian						Kuhfengian	264.28
		Roadian						Kuhfengian	266.9
	Cisuralian	Kungurian						Luodianian	273.01
		Artinskian						Luodianian	283.5
		Artinskian						Longlinian	285.4 *
		Sakmarian						Longlinian	290.1
		Asselian						Zisongian	293.52
Carboniferous	Pennsylvanian	Gzhelian						Zisongian	298.9
		Gzhelian							300.1
		Kasimovian							303.7
		Moscovian							307
		Bashkirian							315.2
	Mississippian	Serpukhovian							323.2
		Visean							330.9
		Tournaisian							346.7
Devonian	Late Devonian	Famennian							358.9
	Late Devonian	Frasnian							372.2
	Middle Devonian	Givetian							382.7
	Middle Devonian	Eifelian							387.7
	Early Devonian	Emsian							393.3
		Pragian							407.6
		Lochkovian	410.8
Silurian	Pridoli		419.2
	Ludlow	Ludfordian	423
	Ludlow	Gorstian	425.6
	Wenlock	Homerian	427.4
	Wenlock	Sheinwoodian	430.5
	Llandovery	Telychian	433.4
		Aeronian	438.5
		Rhuddanian	440.8
Ordovician	Late Ordovician	Hirnantian	443.8
		Katian	445.2
		Sandbian	453
	Middle Ordovician	Darriwilian	458.4
	Middle Ordovician	Dapingian	467.3
	Early Ordovician	Floian	470
	Early Ordovician	Tremadocian	477.7
Cambrian	Furongian	Stage 10	Franconian †/Dresbachian/Millardan	485.4
		Stage 10		Sunwaptan		487.5
		Jiangshanian		Sunwaptan		489.5
		Jiangshanian		Steptoean		493 *
		Paibian		Steptoean	494
	Miaolingian	Guzhangian	Series 3 †	Marjumian	Albertian †	497
		Drumian		Marjumian		500.5
		Wuliuan		Stage 5 †		Topazan	504.5
		Wuliuan		Stage 5 †		Delamaran	506.5
	Series 2	Stage 4			Waucoban †	Delamaran	509
		Stage 4				Dyeran	511 *
		Stage 3				Dyeran	514
						Montezuman	514.8 *
						Begadean	519.9 *
	Terreneuvian	Stage 2					521
	Terreneuvian	Fortunian					529
												538.8