PBDB Timescale

Obsolete Names for ICS Units

The interval definitions in this timescale are derived from the following sources:

W. B. Harland, R. L. Armstrong, A. V. Cox, L. E. Craig, A. G. Smith and D. G. Smith. 1990. A Geologic Time Scale 1989. view
K. M. Cohen, S.C. Finney, P.L. Gibbard and J.-X. Fan. 2023. The ICS International Chronostratigraphic Chart v2023/09. view
A. D. Barnosky, M. Holmes, R. Kirchholtes, E. Lindsey, K.C. Maguire, A.W. Poust, M.A. Stegner, J. Sunseri, B. Swartz, J. Swift, N.A. Villavicencio and G. Wogan. 2014. Prelude to the Anthropocene: Two new North American Land Mammal Ages (NALMAs). The Anthropocene Review I(3):225-242 view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, and A. G. Smith. 2004. A Geologic Time Scale 2004 1-589 view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, M. D. Schmitz and G. M. Ogg. 2020. Geologic Time Scale 2020 view
B. D. Webby. 1998. Steps toward a global standard for Ordovician stratigraphy. Newsletters in Stratigraphy 36:1-33 view
J. I. Raine, A. G. Beu, A. F. Boyes, H. J. Campbell, R. A. Cooper, J. S. Crampton, M. P. Crundwell, C. J. Hollis, and H. E. G. Morgans. 2015. Revised Calibration of the New Zealand Geological Timescale: NZGT2015/1. GNS Science Report 2012(39) view

There are 55 timescales which overlap this one. show

Interval boundaries marked with * have been interpolated based on the differences between the ages for international timescale boundaries quoted in the source and the currently accepted ages for those boundaries.

Interval names marked with † are no longer in current use.

This timescale is used in the definition of 92 collections

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International Chronostratigraphic Timescale			Obsolete Names for ICS Units			North American Land Mammal Ages	Cenozoic Subepochs	Ordovician of China			Cretaceous-Cenozoic of New Zealand
Quaternary	Holocene	Meghalayan				Saintaugustinean					Wanganui	Haweran	0
		Meghalayan				Santarosean							0.0004
		Northgrippian											0.0042
		Greenlandian											0.0082
	Pleistocene	Late Pleistocene					Late Pleistocene						0.0117
		Late Pleistocene				Rancholabrean	Late Pleistocene						0.014
		Chibanian				Rancholabrean	Middle Pleistocene						0.129
						Irvingtonian							0.21
												Castlecliffian	0.34
		Calabrian					Early Pleistocene						0.774
						Blancan							1.4
												Nukumaruan	1.63
		Gelasian										Nukumaruan	1.8
		Gelasian										Mangapanian	2.4
Neogene	Pliocene	Piacenzian	Tertiary †				Late Pliocene					Mangapanian	2.58
		Piacenzian					Late Pliocene					Waipipian	3
		Zanclean					Early Pliocene					Waipipian	3.6
												Opoitian	3.7
						Hemphillian						Opoitian	4.7
	Miocene	Messinian					Late Miocene				Taranaki	Kapitean	5.333
		Messinian										Tongaporutuan	7.2
		Tortonian											7.246
						Clarendonian							9.4
											Southland	Waiauan	11.04
		Serravallian					Middle Miocene						11.63
						Barstovian							12.5
												Lillburnian	13.05
		Langhian										Lillburnian	13.82
												Clifdenian	15.1
											Pareora	Altonian	15.9
		Burdigalian					Early Miocene						15.98
						Hemingfordian							16.3
						Arikareean							18.5
												Otaian	18.7
		Aquitanian										Otaian	20.44
		Aquitanian									Landon	Waitakian	21.7
Paleogene	Oligocene	Chattian					Late Oligocene					Waitakian	23.03
												Duntroonian	25.2
												Whaingaroan	27.3
		Rupelian					Early Oligocene						27.82
						Whitneyan							29.5
						Orellan							31.8
	Eocene	Priabonian				Chadronian	Late Eocene						33.9
											Arnold	Runangan	34.6
												Kaiatan	36.7
						Duchesnean							37
		Bartonian					Middle Eocene						37.71
												Bortonian	39.1
						Uintan							39.7
		Lutetian											41.2
											Dannevirke	Porangan	42.6
												Heretaungan	45.7
						Bridgerian							46.2
		Ypresian					Early Eocene						47.8
												Mangaorapan	48.9
						Wasatchian						Mangaorapan	50.5
						Wasatchian						Waipawan	52
						Clarkforkian						Waipawan	54.9
	Paleocene	Thanetian				Clarkforkian	Late Paleocene					Teurian	56
		Thanetian				Tiffanian	Late Paleocene						56.2
		Selandian				Tiffanian	Middle Paleocene						59.2
		Selandian				Torrejonian	Middle Paleocene						60.9
		Danian				Torrejonian	Early Paleocene						61.6
		Danian				Puercan	Early Paleocene						63.8
Cretaceous	Late Cretaceous	Maastrichtian				Mata	Haumurian	66
		Campanian					Haumurian	72.1
		Santonian					Piripauan	83.6
		Santonian				Raukumara	Teratan	86.1
		Coniacian						86.3
		Turonian						89.8
							Mangaotanean	90.5
							Arowhanan	93.7
		Cenomanian					Arowhanan	93.9
						Clarence	Ngaterian	95.2
							Motuan	99.5
	Early Cretaceous	Albian					Motuan	100.5
							Urutawan	103.3
						Taitai	Korangan	108.4
		Aptian					Korangan	113
		Aptian						117.5
		Barremian						121.4
		Hauterivian						125.77
		Valanginian						132.6
		Berriasian						139.8
Jurassic	Late Jurassic	Tithonian						145
		Kimmeridgian						149.2
		Oxfordian						154.8
	Middle Jurassic	Callovian						161.5
		Bathonian						165.3
		Bajocian						168.2
		Aalenian						170.9
	Early Jurassic	Toarcian						174.7
		Pliensbachian						184.2
		Sinemurian						192.9
		Hettangian						199.5
Triassic	Late Triassic	Rhaetian						201.4
		Norian						208.5
		Carnian						227
	Middle Triassic	Ladinian						237
	Middle Triassic	Anisian						242
	Early Triassic	Olenekian						247.2
	Early Triassic	Induan						251.2
Permian	Lopingian	Changhsingian						251.902
	Lopingian	Wuchiapingian						Longtanian †	254.14
	Guadalupian	Capitanian							259.51
		Wordian							264.28
		Roadian							266.9
	Cisuralian	Kungurian							273.01
		Artinskian							283.5
		Sakmarian							290.1
		Asselian							293.52
Carboniferous	Pennsylvanian	Gzhelian							Mapingian †	298.9
		Kasimovian							Mapingian †	303.7
		Kasimovian								305.9
		Moscovian								307
		Bashkirian								315.2
	Mississippian	Serpukhovian								323.2
		Visean								330.9
		Tournaisian								346.7
Devonian	Late Devonian	Famennian								358.9
	Late Devonian	Frasnian								372.2
	Middle Devonian	Givetian								382.7
	Middle Devonian	Eifelian								387.7
	Early Devonian	Emsian								393.3
		Pragian								407.6
		Lochkovian								410.8
Silurian	Pridoli									419.2
	Ludlow	Ludfordian								423
	Ludlow	Gorstian	425.6
	Wenlock	Homerian	427.4
	Wenlock	Sheinwoodian	430.5
	Llandovery	Telychian	433.4
		Aeronian	438.5
		Rhuddanian	440.8
Ordovician	Late Ordovician	Hirnantian	Hirnantian	Xiaoxita †/Shikou	Wufeng †					443.8
		Katian	Chientangkiangian		Wufeng †					445.2
		Katian	Neichianshanian/Hanjiang							449.5
		Sandbian	Neichianshanian/Hanjiang							453
	Middle Ordovician	Darriwilian	Darriwilian	Guniu †/Hulo						458.4
		Darriwilian	Darriwilian	Hunjiang †	Dawan †/Daobaowan/Ningkuo					466.3 *
		Dapingian	Dapingian							467.3
	Early Ordovician	Floian	Yiyangian							470
		Tremadocian	Xinchangian							477.7
		Tremadocian	Xinchangian		Lianghekou †		477.9 *
Cambrian	Furongian	Stage 10					485.4
		Jiangshanian					489.5
		Paibian					494
	Miaolingian	Guzhangian					Series 3 †			497
		Drumian				500.5
		Wuliuan				Stage 5 †		504.5
													509