PBDB Timescale

Obsolete Names for ICS Units

The interval definitions in this timescale are derived from the following sources:

W. B. Harland, R. L. Armstrong, A. V. Cox, L. E. Craig, A. G. Smith and D. G. Smith. 1990. A Geologic Time Scale 1989. view
K. M. Cohen, S.C. Finney, P.L. Gibbard and J.-X. Fan. 2023. The ICS International Chronostratigraphic Chart v2023/09. view
A. D. Barnosky, M. Holmes, R. Kirchholtes, E. Lindsey, K.C. Maguire, A.W. Poust, M.A. Stegner, J. Sunseri, B. Swartz, J. Swift, N.A. Villavicencio and G. Wogan. 2014. Prelude to the Anthropocene: Two new North American Land Mammal Ages (NALMAs). The Anthropocene Review I(3):225-242 view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, M. D. Schmitz and G. M. Ogg. 2020. Geologic Time Scale 2020 view
B. D. Webby. 1998. Steps toward a global standard for Ordovician stratigraphy. Newsletters in Stratigraphy 36:1-33 view
J. Meng and M. C. McKenna. 1998. Faunal turnovers of Paleogene mammals from the Mongolian Plateau. Nature 394:364-367 view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, and A. G. Smith. 2004. A Geologic Time Scale 2004 1-589 view
M. Kretzoi. 1942. Necroteuthis n. g. (Ceph. Dibr., Necroteuthidae N. F.) aus dem Oligozän von Budapest und das system der Dibranchiata. Földtani Közlöny 72:125-238 view

There are 55 timescales which overlap this one. show

Interval boundaries marked with * have been interpolated based on the differences between the ages for international timescale boundaries quoted in the source and the currently accepted ages for those boundaries.

Interval names marked with † are no longer in current use.

This timescale is used in the definition of 92 collections

Show more time

Show linear time

International Chronostratigraphic Timescale			Obsolete Names for ICS Units			North American Land Mammal Ages	Ordovician of Britain				Devonian of Czechoslovakia	Paleogene Mammal Ages of Asia		Cambrian Epochs	Ordovician of Ibero-Bohemia				Ordovician of North America
Quaternary	Holocene	Meghalayan				Saintaugustinean															0
		Meghalayan				Santarosean															0.0004
		Northgrippian																			0.0042
		Greenlandian																			0.0082
	Pleistocene	Late Pleistocene																			0.0117
		Late Pleistocene				Rancholabrean															0.014
		Chibanian				Rancholabrean															0.129
		Chibanian				Irvingtonian															0.21
		Calabrian				Irvingtonian															0.774
		Calabrian				Blancan															1.4
		Gelasian																			1.8
Neogene	Pliocene	Piacenzian	Tertiary †																		2.58
		Zanclean																			3.6
		Zanclean				Hemphillian															4.7
	Miocene	Messinian																			5.333
		Tortonian																			7.246
		Tortonian				Clarendonian															9.4
		Serravallian				Clarendonian															11.63
		Serravallian				Barstovian															12.5
		Langhian																			13.82
		Burdigalian																			15.98
						Hemingfordian															16.3
						Arikareean															18.5
		Aquitanian																			20.44
Paleogene	Oligocene	Chattian										Tabenbulakian	Hsandagolian								23.03
		Rupelian										Kekeamuan									27.82
						Whitneyan															29.5
						Orellan															31.8
	Eocene	Priabonian				Chadronian						Houldjinian/Ergilian/Ulangochuian									33.9
		Priabonian				Duchesnean						Houldjinian/Ergilian/Ulangochuian									37
		Bartonian				Duchesnean						Sharamurunian/Irdinmanhan/Arshantan									37.71
		Bartonian				Uintan															39.7
		Lutetian				Uintan															41.2
		Lutetian				Bridgerian															46.2
		Ypresian				Bridgerian							Bumbanian								47.8
						Wasatchian															50.5
						Clarkforkian															54.9
	Paleocene	Thanetian				Clarkforkian						Gashatan									56
		Thanetian				Tiffanian						Gashatan									56.2
		Selandian				Tiffanian															59.2
		Selandian				Torrejonian															60.9
		Danian				Torrejonian															61.6
		Danian				Puercan															63.8
Cretaceous	Late Cretaceous	Maastrichtian																			66
		Campanian																			72.1
		Santonian																			83.6
		Coniacian																			86.3
		Turonian																			89.8
		Cenomanian																			93.9
	Early Cretaceous	Albian																			100.5
		Aptian																			113
		Barremian																			121.4
		Hauterivian																			125.77
		Valanginian																			132.6
		Berriasian																			139.8
Jurassic	Late Jurassic	Tithonian																			145
		Kimmeridgian																			149.2
		Oxfordian																			154.8
	Middle Jurassic	Callovian																			161.5
		Bathonian																			165.3
		Bajocian																			168.2
		Aalenian																			170.9
	Early Jurassic	Toarcian																			174.7
		Pliensbachian																			184.2
		Sinemurian		192.9
		Hettangian		199.5
Triassic	Late Triassic	Rhaetian		201.4
		Norian		208.5
		Carnian		227
	Middle Triassic	Ladinian		237
	Middle Triassic	Anisian		242
	Early Triassic	Olenekian		247.2
	Early Triassic	Induan		251.2
Permian	Lopingian	Changhsingian		251.902
	Lopingian	Wuchiapingian		Longtanian †	254.14
	Guadalupian	Capitanian			259.51
		Wordian			264.28
		Roadian			266.9
	Cisuralian	Kungurian			273.01
		Artinskian			283.5
		Sakmarian			290.1
		Asselian			293.52
Carboniferous	Pennsylvanian	Gzhelian			Mapingian †		298.9
		Kasimovian			Mapingian †		303.7
		Kasimovian					305.9
		Moscovian					307
		Bashkirian					315.2
	Mississippian	Serpukhovian					323.2
		Visean					330.9
		Tournaisian					346.7
Devonian	Late Devonian	Famennian					358.9
	Late Devonian	Frasnian					372.2
	Middle Devonian	Givetian					Srbsko	382.7
	Middle Devonian	Eifelian					Chotec	387.7
	Early Devonian	Emsian					Daleje/Zlichovian	393.3
		Pragian					Pragian	407.6
		Lochkovian					Lochkovian	410.8
Silurian	Pridoli							419.2
	Ludlow	Ludfordian						423
	Ludlow	Gorstian						425.6
	Wenlock	Homerian						427.4
	Wenlock	Sheinwoodian						430.5
	Llandovery	Telychian						433.4
		Aeronian						438.5
		Rhuddanian						440.8
Ordovician	Late Ordovician	Hirnantian						Ashgill	Hirnantian	Kosovian	Cincinnatian	Gamachian	443.8
		Katian							Rawtheyan	Kralodvorian		Gamachian	Bohdalec †	445.2
			Richmondian			446 *			Rawtheyan
						Cautleyan			448.9 *
						Pusgillian			449.3 *
						Caradoc		Streffordian	Onnian †			449.6 *
										Berounian		449.7 *
			Maysvillian									Rocklandian †/Shermanian/Ashbyan/Kirkfieldian/Blackriveran/Wildernessian/Trentonian/Franklinian		449.8 *
			Edenian											450.4 *
			Mohawkian								Chatfieldian			451.1 *
								Cheneyan						451.5 *
								Burrellian						452.7 *
		Sandbian												453
									Actonian †					453.2 *
									Actonian †		Turinian			453.7 *
									Marshbrookian †					Woolstonian †	454.2 *
									Longvillian †						455.2 *
															Zahorany †/Vinice	Letna †	456.2 *
								Aurelucian									456.8 *
			Whiterockian									Canadian †					Chazyan †/Marmor	457 *
									Soudleyan †/Harnagian/Costonian									457.4 *
									Soudleyan †/Harnagian/Costonian				Liben †					458 *
	Middle Ordovician	Darriwilian				Llanvirn		Llandeilian/Llandeilo/Late Llandeilo/Middle Llandeilo/Early Llandeilo/Late Llanvirn										458.4
										Dobrotivian								458.5 *
										Oretanian								459.7 *
								Abereiddian/Early Llanvirn										461.3 *
													Sarka †					461.7 *
		Dapingian											Klabava †					467.3
										Arenigian								468
						Arenig		Fennian										468.4 *
											Rangerian							469.1 *
	Early Ordovician	Floian	Ibexian								Blackhillsian						Jeffersonian †	Cassinian †	470
								Whitlandian			Blackhillsian								471.1 *
								Whitlandian			Tulean								473.9 *
				Moridunian				474.3 *
		Tremadocian		Tremadoc		Migneintian		Tremadocian					477.7
						Migneintian					Stairsian		480.3 *
						Cressagian					Stairsian		480.8 *
						Cressagian					Skullrockian		Demingian †					482 *
													Demingian †					485 *
Cambrian	Furongian	Stage 10						Late Cambrian											485.4
		Stage 10																	487.5
		Jiangshanian																	489.5
		Paibian			494
	Miaolingian	Guzhangian			Series 3 †			Middle Cambrian											497
		Drumian																	500.5
		Wuliuan																	Stage 5 †	504.5
	Series 2	Stage 4																	Early Cambrian	509
	Series 2	Stage 3																		514
	Terreneuvian	Stage 2																		521
	Terreneuvian	Fortunian																		529
																					538.8