PBDB Timescale

Obsolete Names for ICS Units

The interval definitions in this timescale are derived from the following sources:

W. B. Harland, R. L. Armstrong, A. V. Cox, L. E. Craig, A. G. Smith and D. G. Smith. 1990. A Geologic Time Scale 1989. view
K. M. Cohen, S.C. Finney, P.L. Gibbard and J.-X. Fan. 2023. The ICS International Chronostratigraphic Chart v2023/09. view
J. Meng and M. C. McKenna. 1998. Faunal turnovers of Paleogene mammals from the Mongolian Plateau. Nature 394:364-367 view
J. Palfy, P. L. Smith, and J. K. Mortensen. 2000. A U-Pb and 40Ar/39Ar time scale for the Jurassic. Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences 37(6):923-944 view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, M. D. Schmitz and G. M. Ogg. 2020. Geologic Time Scale 2020 view
J. I. Raine, A. G. Beu, A. F. Boyes, H. J. Campbell, R. A. Cooper, J. S. Crampton, M. P. Crundwell, C. J. Hollis, and H. E. G. Morgans. 2015. Revised Calibration of the New Zealand Geological Timescale: NZGT2015/1. GNS Science Report 2012(39) view
Z.-X. Qiu and Z.-D. Qiu. 1995. Chronological sequence and subdivision of Chinese Neogene mammalian faunas. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology 116(1-2):41-70 view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, and A. G. Smith. 2004. A Geologic Time Scale 2004 1-589 view

There are 55 timescales which overlap this one. show

Interval boundaries marked with * have been interpolated based on the differences between the ages for international timescale boundaries quoted in the source and the currently accepted ages for those boundaries.

Interval names marked with † are no longer in current use.

This timescale is used in the definition of 92 collections

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International Chronostratigraphic Timescale			Obsolete Names for ICS Units			Paleogene Mammal Ages of Asia		Cretaceous Subepochs	Ammonite Chrons of North America			Permian of North America		Permian-Jurassic of New Zealand		Neogene Mammal Ages of China
Quaternary	Pleistocene	Late Pleistocene														Nihewanian	0.0117
		Chibanian															0.129
		Calabrian															0.774
		Gelasian															1.8
Neogene	Pliocene	Piacenzian	Tertiary †													Yushean	2.58
		Zanclean														Yushean	3.6
		Zanclean														Baodean	4.9
	Miocene	Messinian															5.333
		Tortonian															7.246
		Tortonian														Tunggurian	11.1
		Serravallian														Tunggurian	11.63
		Langhian														Shanwangian	13.82
		Burdigalian														Shanwangian	15.98
		Burdigalian														Xiejiaan	16.9
		Aquitanian														Xiejiaan	20.44
Paleogene	Oligocene	Chattian				Tabenbulakian	Hsandagolian										23.03
	Oligocene	Rupelian				Kekeamuan	Hsandagolian										27.82
	Eocene	Priabonian				Houldjinian/Ergilian/Ulangochuian											33.9
		Bartonian				Sharamurunian/Irdinmanhan/Arshantan											37.71
		Lutetian															41.2
		Ypresian					Bumbanian										47.8
	Paleocene	Thanetian				Gashatan											56
		Selandian															59.2
		Danian															61.6
Cretaceous	Late Cretaceous	Maastrichtian						Senonian									66
		Campanian															72.1
		Santonian															83.6
		Coniacian															86.3
		Turonian															89.8
		Cenomanian															93.9
	Early Cretaceous	Albian						Gallic									100.5
		Aptian															113
		Barremian															121.4
		Hauterivian						Neocomian									125.77
		Valanginian															132.6
		Berriasian															139.8
Jurassic	Late Jurassic	Tithonian												Oteke	Puaroan		145
		Kimmeridgian												Oteke	Puaroan		149.2
														Kawhia	Ohauan		150
															Heterian		154.5
		Oxfordian															154.8
	Middle Jurassic	Callovian															161.5
		Callovian													Temaikan		164.3
		Bathonian															165.3
		Bajocian							Epizigzagiceras								168.2
		Bajocian							Rotundum/Oblatum/Kirschneri/Crassicostatus/Widebayense								168.4
		Aalenian							Howelli/Scissum/Westermanni								170.9
	Early Jurassic	Toarcian							Yakounensis/Hillebrandti/Crassicosta								174.7
									Yakounensis/Hillebrandti/Crassicosta					Herangi	Ururoan		176
									Planulata								179.3 *
									Planulata		Arnioceras arnouldi						179.8 *
									Kanense								181.3 *
									Carlottense								182.3 *
									Kunae								183.5 *
		Pliensbachian							Kunae								184.2
									Freboldi								185.1 *
									Whiteavesi/Imlayi	Tetraspidoceras							186.2 *
									Whiteavesi/Imlayi						Aratauran		188.9
																	189.2 *
									Plesechioceras harbledownense/Asteroceras varians/Coroniceras	Canadensis							190.3 *
		Sinemurian															192.9
									Pseudaetomoceras		Psiloceras						196.4 *
									Franziceras/Euphyllites								196.5 *
		Hettangian							Franziceras/Euphyllites								199.5
Triassic	Late Triassic	Rhaetian							Balfour		Otapirian	201.4
		Norian									Warepan	208.5
											Otamitan	217
											Oretian	221
		Carnian									Oretian	227
		Carnian							Gore		Kaihikuan	227.5
	Middle Triassic	Ladinian									Kaihikuan	237
		Ladinian									Etalian	238
		Anisian									Etalian	242
		Anisian									Malakovian	246
	Early Triassic	Olenekian									Malakovian	247.2
		Olenekian									Nelsonian	249
		Induan									Nelsonian	251.2
		Induan							DUrville		Makarewan	251.5
Permian	Lopingian	Changhsingian									Makarewan	251.902
		Changhsingian									Waiitian	253.2
		Wuchiapingian									Waiitian	Longtanian †	254.14
		Wuchiapingian									Puruhauan	Longtanian †	254.2
	Guadalupian	Capitanian									Capitanian	Aparima	Flettian	259.51
		Wordian									Wordian		Flettian	264.28
		Wordian									Wordian		Barettian	266
		Roadian					Roadian				266.9
	Cisuralian	Kungurian				Leonardian	Cathedralian				273.01
							Cathedralian				Mangapirian		276
			Hessian				281.9 *
		Artinskian					283.5
							Telfordian				285
			Wolfcampian			Lenoxian	Telfordian				286.1 *
												288.5
		Sakmarian										290.1
		Asselian				Nealian						293.52
Carboniferous	Pennsylvanian	Gzhelian										298.9
		Kasimovian										303.7
		Moscovian										307
		Bashkirian										315.2
	Mississippian	Serpukhovian										323.2
		Visean						330.9
		Tournaisian						346.7
Devonian	Late Devonian	Famennian						Late Famennian				358.9
								Middle Famennian				365.3 *
								Early Famennian				368.5 *
		Frasnian						Late Frasnian				372.2
								Middle Frasnian				375.4 *
								Early Frasnian				379.3 *
	Middle Devonian	Givetian						Late Givetian				382.7
								Middle Givetian				383.7 *
								Early Givetian				385.9 *
		Eifelian						Late Eifelian				387.7
		Eifelian						Early Eifelian				390.3 *
	Early Devonian	Emsian						Late Emsian				393.3
		Emsian						Early Emsian				398.3 *
		Pragian						Pragian				407.6
		Lochkovian						Late Lochkovian				410.8
								Middle Lochkovian				412.8 *
								Early Lochkovian				415.6 *
Silurian	Pridoli											419.2
	Ludlow	Ludfordian										423
	Ludlow	Gorstian										425.6
	Wenlock	Homerian										Gleedonian	427.4
		Homerian										Whitwellian	429.7 *
		Sheinwoodian											430.5
	Llandovery	Telychian											433.4
		Aeronian								438.5
		Rhuddanian								440.8
Ordovician	Late Ordovician	Hirnantian		443.8
		Katian		445.2
		Sandbian		453
	Middle Ordovician	Darriwilian		458.4
	Middle Ordovician	Dapingian		467.3
	Early Ordovician	Floian		470
	Early Ordovician	Tremadocian		477.7
Cambrian	Furongian	Stage 10		Franconian †/Dresbachian/Millardan	485.4
		Stage 10			Sunwaptan					487.5
		Jiangshanian			Sunwaptan					489.5
		Jiangshanian			Steptoean					493 *
		Paibian			Steptoean					494
	Miaolingian	Guzhangian		Series 3 †	Marjumian					Albertian †			497
		Drumian			Marjumian								500.5
		Wuliuan			Stage 5 †				Topazan				504.5
		Wuliuan			Stage 5 †				Delamaran				506.5
	Series 2	Stage 4							Delamaran	Waucoban †			509
		Stage 4							Dyeran				511 *
		Stage 3							Dyeran				514
									Montezuman				514.8 *
									Begadean				519.9 *
	Terreneuvian	Stage 2											521
	Terreneuvian	Fortunian											529
																	538.8