PBDB Timescale

Obsolete Names for ICS Units

The interval definitions in this timescale are derived from the following sources:

W. B. Harland, R. L. Armstrong, A. V. Cox, L. E. Craig, A. G. Smith and D. G. Smith. 1990. A Geologic Time Scale 1989. view
K. M. Cohen, S.C. Finney, P.L. Gibbard and J.-X. Fan. 2023. The ICS International Chronostratigraphic Chart v2023/09. view
J. Meng and M. C. McKenna. 1998. Faunal turnovers of Paleogene mammals from the Mongolian Plateau. Nature 394:364-367 view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, M. D. Schmitz and G. M. Ogg. 2020. Geologic Time Scale 2020 view
Z.-X. Qiu and Z.-D. Qiu. 1995. Chronological sequence and subdivision of Chinese Neogene mammalian faunas. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology 116(1-2):41-70 view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, and A. G. Smith. 2004. A Geologic Time Scale 2004 1-589 view
F. J. Prevosti, C. O. Romano, A. M. Forasiepi, S. Hemming, R. Bonini, A. M. Candela, E. Cerdeño, M. C. Madozzo Jaén, P. E. Ortiz, F. Pujos, L. Rasia, G. I. Schmidt, M. Taglioretti, R. D. E. MacPhee, and U. F. J. Pardiñas. 2021. New radiometric 40Ar–39Ar dates and faunistic analyses refine evolutionary dynamics of Neogene vertebrate assemblages in southern South America. Scientific Reports 2021(11):9830 view
J. J. Flynn and C. C. Swisher, III. 1995. Cenozoic South American Land Mammal Ages: correlation to global geochronology. Geochronology Time Scales and Global Stratigraphic Correlation, SEPM Special Publication 54:317-333 view

There are 55 timescales which overlap this one. show

Interval boundaries marked with * have been interpolated based on the differences between the ages for international timescale boundaries quoted in the source and the currently accepted ages for those boundaries.

Interval names marked with † are no longer in current use.

This timescale is used in the definition of 92 collections

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International Chronostratigraphic Timescale			Obsolete Names for ICS Units			Paleogene Mammal Ages of Asia		Cambrian of West Avalonia	Neogene Mammal Ages of China	Cambrian Epochs	Permian Subages of Germany	South American Land Mammal Ages
Quaternary	Pleistocene	Late Pleistocene							Nihewanian			Lujanian		0.0117
		Chibanian										Lujanian		0.129
		Chibanian										Ensenadan		0.3 *
		Calabrian										Ensenadan		0.774
		Calabrian										Sanandresian	Uquian †	1.7 *
		Gelasian										Sanandresian		1.8
Neogene	Pliocene	Piacenzian	Tertiary †						Yushean			Vorohuean		2.58
		Piacenzian										Chapadmalalan		2.9 *
		Zanclean										Chapadmalalan		3.6
												Montehermosan		3.7 *
									Baodean			Huayquerian		4.9 *
	Miocene	Messinian												5.333
		Tortonian												7.246
												Chasicoan		7.9 *
												Mayoan		9.9 *
												Laventan		10.9 *
									Tunggurian					11.1
		Serravallian												11.63
		Serravallian										Colloncuran		13.7 *
		Langhian							Shanwangian			Colloncuran		13.82
		Langhian										Friasian		15.4 *
		Burdigalian										Friasian		15.98
												Santacrucian		16.2 *
									Xiejiaan			Santacrucian		16.9
												Colhuehuapian		17.4 *
		Aquitanian										Colhuehuapian		20.44
		Aquitanian										Deseadan		20.9 *
Paleogene	Oligocene	Chattian				Tabenbulakian	Hsandagolian							23.03
		Rupelian				Kekeamuan								27.82
		Rupelian				Kekeamuan						Tinguirirican		28.9 *
	Eocene	Priabonian				Houldjinian/Ergilian/Ulangochuian						Tinguirirican		33.9
		Priabonian				Houldjinian/Ergilian/Ulangochuian						Divisaderan		35.9 *
		Bartonian				Sharamurunian/Irdinmanhan/Arshantan								37.71
		Lutetian												41.2
		Lutetian										Mustersan		41.9 *
		Ypresian					Bumbanian					Mustersan		47.8
		Ypresian					Bumbanian					Casamayoran		47.9 *
	Paleocene	Thanetian				Gashatan						Riochican		56
												Itaboraian		56.9 *
												Peligran		58.9 *
		Selandian												59.2
		Danian												61.6
		Danian										Tiupampan		62.4 *
Cretaceous	Late Cretaceous	Maastrichtian												66
		Campanian												72.1
		Santonian												83.6
		Coniacian												86.3
		Turonian												89.8
		Cenomanian												93.9
	Early Cretaceous	Albian												100.5
		Aptian												113
		Barremian												121.4
		Hauterivian												125.77
		Valanginian												132.6
		Berriasian												139.8
Jurassic	Late Jurassic	Tithonian												145
		Kimmeridgian												149.2
		Oxfordian												154.8
	Middle Jurassic	Callovian												161.5
		Bathonian												165.3
		Bajocian												168.2
		Aalenian												170.9
	Early Jurassic	Toarcian												174.7
		Pliensbachian												184.2
		Sinemurian		192.9
		Hettangian		199.5
Triassic	Late Triassic	Rhaetian		201.4
		Norian		208.5
		Carnian		227
	Middle Triassic	Ladinian		237
	Middle Triassic	Anisian		242
	Early Triassic	Olenekian		247.2
	Early Triassic	Induan		251.2
Permian	Lopingian	Changhsingian		Buntsandstein	Meishanian			251.902
		Changhsingian			Baoqingian			253.4 *
		Wuchiapingian			Longtanian †			Laoshanian		254.14
		Wuchiapingian			Longtanian †			Laibinian		257.7 *
	Guadalupian	Capitanian			Ohre/Aller			Lengwuan		259.51
		Wordian			Leine			Kuhfengian		264.28
		Roadian						Kuhfengian		266.9
	Cisuralian	Kungurian						Luodianian		273.01
		Artinskian						Luodianian		283.5
		Artinskian						Longlinian		285.4 *
		Sakmarian						Longlinian		290.1
		Asselian						Zisongian		293.52
Carboniferous	Pennsylvanian	Gzhelian						Zisongian		298.9
		Gzhelian								300.1
		Kasimovian								303.7
		Moscovian								307
		Bashkirian								315.2
	Mississippian	Serpukhovian								323.2
		Visean							330.9
		Tournaisian							346.7
Devonian	Late Devonian	Famennian							358.9
	Late Devonian	Frasnian							372.2
	Middle Devonian	Givetian							382.7
	Middle Devonian	Eifelian							387.7
	Early Devonian	Emsian							393.3
		Pragian							407.6
		Lochkovian							410.8
Silurian	Pridoli								419.2
	Ludlow	Ludfordian					423
	Ludlow	Gorstian					425.6
	Wenlock	Homerian					427.4
	Wenlock	Sheinwoodian				430.5
	Llandovery	Telychian				433.4
		Aeronian				438.5
		Rhuddanian	440.8
Ordovician	Late Ordovician	Hirnantian	443.8
		Katian	445.2
		Sandbian	453
	Middle Ordovician	Darriwilian	458.4
	Middle Ordovician	Dapingian	467.3
	Early Ordovician	Floian	470
	Early Ordovician	Tremadocian	477.7
Cambrian	Furongian	Stage 10	Late Cambrian			Niuchehean	Taoyuanian †		485.4
		Jiangshanian				Jiangshanian			489.5
		Paibian				Paibian			494
		Paibian				Paibian	Waergangian †/Youshuanian		494.9 *
	Miaolingian	Guzhangian	Series 3 †			Middle Cambrian	Guzhangian		Wangcunian †	497
		Guzhangian					Guzhangian			Arcadian	498.4
		Drumian					Drumian				500.5
		Wuliuan		Stage 5 †			Wuliuan/Taijangian				504.5
	Series 2	Stage 4				Branchian	Early Cambrian			Duyunian	509
		Stage 3				Branchian				Nangaoian	514
		Stage 3				Placentian				Nangaoian	517.1
	Terreneuvian	Stage 2								Meishucunian	521
		Fortunian								Meishucunian	529
		Fortunian								Jinnigian	530.7
														538.8