PBDB Timescale

Obsolete Names for ICS Units

The interval definitions in this timescale are derived from the following sources:

W. B. Harland, R. L. Armstrong, A. V. Cox, L. E. Craig, A. G. Smith and D. G. Smith. 1990. A Geologic Time Scale 1989. view
K. M. Cohen, S.C. Finney, P.L. Gibbard and J.-X. Fan. 2023. The ICS International Chronostratigraphic Chart v2023/09. view
J. Meng and M. C. McKenna. 1998. Faunal turnovers of Paleogene mammals from the Mongolian Plateau. Nature 394:364-367 view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, M. D. Schmitz and G. M. Ogg. 2020. Geologic Time Scale 2020 view
B. D. Webby. 1998. Steps toward a global standard for Ordovician stratigraphy. Newsletters in Stratigraphy 36:1-33 view
J. A. Lillegraven and M. C. McKenna. 1986. Fossil mammals from the "Mesaverde" Formation (Late Cretaceous, Judithian) of the Bighorn and Wind River basins, Wyoming, with definitions of Late Cretaceous North American Land-Mammal "Ages". American Museum Novitates 2840:1-68 view
M. Kretzoi. 1942. Necroteuthis n. g. (Ceph. Dibr., Necroteuthidae N. F.) aus dem Oligozän von Budapest und das system der Dibranchiata. Földtani Közlöny 72:125-238 view

There are 55 timescales which overlap this one. show

Interval boundaries marked with * have been interpolated based on the differences between the ages for international timescale boundaries quoted in the source and the currently accepted ages for those boundaries.

Interval names marked with † are no longer in current use.

This timescale is used in the definition of 92 collections

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International Chronostratigraphic Timescale			Obsolete Names for ICS Units			Paleogene Mammal Ages of Asia		Ordovician of China			Permian of North America		Cretaceous North American Land-Mammal Ages	Silurian of the Baltic	Ordovician of North America
Quaternary	Holocene	Meghalayan																	0
		Northgrippian																	0.0042
		Greenlandian																	0.0082
	Pleistocene	Late Pleistocene																	0.0117
		Chibanian																	0.129
		Calabrian																	0.774
		Gelasian																	1.8
Neogene	Pliocene	Piacenzian	Tertiary †																2.58
	Pliocene	Zanclean																	3.6
	Miocene	Messinian																	5.333
		Tortonian																	7.246
		Serravallian																	11.63
		Langhian																	13.82
		Burdigalian																	15.98
		Aquitanian																	20.44
Paleogene	Oligocene	Chattian				Tabenbulakian	Hsandagolian												23.03
	Oligocene	Rupelian				Kekeamuan	Hsandagolian												27.82
	Eocene	Priabonian				Houldjinian/Ergilian/Ulangochuian													33.9
		Bartonian				Sharamurunian/Irdinmanhan/Arshantan													37.71
		Lutetian																	41.2
		Ypresian					Bumbanian												47.8
	Paleocene	Thanetian				Gashatan													56
		Selandian																	59.2
		Danian																	61.6
Cretaceous	Late Cretaceous	Maastrichtian											Lancian/Edmontonian						66
		Campanian											Judithian/Aquilan						72.1
		Santonian																	83.6
		Coniacian																	86.3
		Turonian																	89.8
		Cenomanian																	93.9
	Early Cretaceous	Albian																	100.5
		Aptian																	113
		Barremian																	121.4
		Hauterivian																	125.77
		Valanginian																	132.6
		Berriasian																	139.8
Jurassic	Late Jurassic	Tithonian																	145
		Kimmeridgian																	149.2
		Oxfordian																	154.8
	Middle Jurassic	Callovian																	161.5
		Bathonian																	165.3
		Bajocian																	168.2
		Aalenian																	170.9
	Early Jurassic	Toarcian																	174.7
		Pliensbachian																	184.2
		Sinemurian																	192.9
		Hettangian																	199.5
Triassic	Late Triassic	Rhaetian																	201.4
		Norian																	208.5
		Carnian																	227
	Middle Triassic	Ladinian																	237
	Middle Triassic	Anisian																	242
	Early Triassic	Olenekian																	247.2
	Early Triassic	Induan																	251.2
Permian	Lopingian	Changhsingian																	251.902
	Lopingian	Wuchiapingian		Longtanian †															254.14
	Guadalupian	Capitanian									Capitanian								259.51
		Wordian									Wordian								264.28
		Roadian									Roadian								266.9
	Cisuralian	Kungurian									Leonardian	Cathedralian							273.01
		Kungurian										Hessian							281.9 *
		Artinskian										Hessian							283.5
		Artinskian									Wolfcampian	Lenoxian							286.1 *
		Sakmarian										Lenoxian							290.1
		Asselian			Nealian			293.52
Carboniferous	Pennsylvanian	Gzhelian							298.9
		Kasimovian							303.7
		Moscovian							307
		Bashkirian							315.2
	Mississippian	Serpukhovian							323.2
		Visean							330.9
		Tournaisian							346.7
Devonian	Late Devonian	Famennian							358.9
	Late Devonian	Frasnian							372.2
	Middle Devonian	Givetian							382.7
	Middle Devonian	Eifelian							387.7
	Early Devonian	Emsian							393.3
		Pragian							407.6
		Lochkovian							410.8
Silurian	Pridoli								Ohesaare	419.2
	Pridoli								Kaugetuma	421.7 *
	Ludlow	Ludfordian							Kuressaare	423
		Ludfordian							Paadla	423.4 *
		Gorstian							Paadla	425.6
	Wenlock	Homerian							Rootsikula	427.4
		Homerian					Jaagarahu		429.2 *
		Sheinwoodian				430.5	Jaagarahu
		Sheinwoodian				Jaani	431.8 *
	Llandovery	Telychian	433.4			Jaani
		Telychian	Adavere			434 *
		Aeronian	Adavere			438.5
		Aeronian	Raikkula			439.4 *
		Rhuddanian	Raikkula			440.8
		Rhuddanian	Juuru			441.4 *
Ordovician	Late Ordovician	Hirnantian	Hirnantian			Xiaoxita †/Shikou	Wufeng †			Cincinnatian	Gamachian	Harju	Porkuni	443.8
		Katian	Chientangkiangian								Gamachian		Pirgu	445.2
			Chientangkiangian								Richmondian			446 *
			Neichianshanian/Hanjiang											449.5
													Vormsi	449.6 *
											Maysvillian		Vormsi	Rocklandian †/Shermanian/Ashbyan/Kirkfieldian/Blackriveran/Wildernessian/Trentonian/Franklinian	449.8 *
											Maysvillian		Nabala		Johvi †	450 *
											Edenian		Nabala			450.4 *
											Edenian	Viru	Rakvere			450.6 *
										Mohawkian	Chatfieldian		Rakvere			451.1 *
													Oandu			452 *
		Sandbian											Keila		Idavere †	453
											Turinian		Keila			453.7 *
													Haljala			453.9
													Kukruse			456.4 *
										Whiterockian			Kukruse	Canadian †		Chazyan †/Marmor	457 *
													Uhaku		Aluoja †		457.5 *
	Middle Ordovician	Darriwilian	Darriwilian			Guniu †/Hulo							Uhaku				458.4
													Lasnamagi				458.9 *
													Aseri				460.4 *
												Oeland	Kunda				462.9 *
															Valaste †/Hunderum		464.3 *
						Hunjiang †	Dawan †/Daobaowan/Ningkuo										466.3 *
													Volkhov				Langevoja †/Vaana/Saka	467.1 *
		Dapingian	Dapingian															467.3
											Rangerian							469.1 *
				Billingen							Rangerian		469.3 *
	Early Ordovician	Floian	Yiyangian							Ibexian	Blackhillsian		Jeffersonian †			Cassinian †		470
															Latorp †			470.1 *
				Hunneberg														473.7 *
											Tulean							473.9 *
		Tremadocian	Xinchangian															477.7
							Lianghekou †											477.9 *
											Stairsian							480.3 *
				Varangu							Stairsian							481.3 *
				Varangu	Skullrockian			Demingian †			482 *
				Pakerort				Demingian †			482.2 *
Cambrian	Furongian	Stage 10		Pakerort											485.4
															486.3 *
															486.5
															487.5
		Jiangshanian													489.5
		Paibian													494
	Miaolingian	Guzhangian													Series 3 †	497
		Drumian														500.5
		Wuliuan														Stage 5 †		504.5
	Series 2	Stage 4																509
	Series 2	Stage 3																514
	Terreneuvian	Stage 2																521
	Terreneuvian	Fortunian																529
																			538.8