PBDB Timescale

Obsolete Names for ICS Units

The interval definitions in this timescale are derived from the following sources:

W. B. Harland, R. L. Armstrong, A. V. Cox, L. E. Craig, A. G. Smith and D. G. Smith. 1990. A Geologic Time Scale 1989. view
K. M. Cohen, S.C. Finney, P.L. Gibbard and J.-X. Fan. 2023. The ICS International Chronostratigraphic Chart v2023/09. view
J. Meng and M. C. McKenna. 1998. Faunal turnovers of Paleogene mammals from the Mongolian Plateau. Nature 394:364-367 view
Z.-X. Qiu and Z.-D. Qiu. 1995. Chronological sequence and subdivision of Chinese Neogene mammalian faunas. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology 116(1-2):41-70 view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, M. D. Schmitz and G. M. Ogg. 2020. Geologic Time Scale 2020 view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, and A. G. Smith. 2004. A Geologic Time Scale 2004 1-589 view
B. D. Webby. 1998. Steps toward a global standard for Ordovician stratigraphy. Newsletters in Stratigraphy 36:1-33 view

There are 55 timescales which overlap this one. show

Interval boundaries marked with * have been interpolated based on the differences between the ages for international timescale boundaries quoted in the source and the currently accepted ages for those boundaries.

Interval names marked with † are no longer in current use.

This timescale is used in the definition of 92 collections

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International Chronostratigraphic Timescale			Obsolete Names for ICS Units			Paleogene Mammal Ages of Asia		Devonian of Germany	Neogene Mammal Ages of China	Cambrian of North America		Permian of Western Europe	Cretaceous Subepochs
Quaternary	Holocene	Meghalayan												0
		Northgrippian												0.0042
		Greenlandian												0.0082
	Pleistocene	Late Pleistocene							Nihewanian					0.0117
		Chibanian												0.129
		Calabrian												0.774
		Gelasian												1.8
Neogene	Pliocene	Piacenzian	Tertiary †						Yushean					2.58
		Zanclean							Yushean					3.6
		Zanclean							Baodean					4.9
	Miocene	Messinian												5.333
		Tortonian												7.246
		Tortonian							Tunggurian					11.1
		Serravallian							Tunggurian					11.63
		Langhian							Shanwangian					13.82
		Burdigalian							Shanwangian					15.98
		Burdigalian							Xiejiaan					16.9
		Aquitanian							Xiejiaan					20.44
Paleogene	Oligocene	Chattian				Tabenbulakian	Hsandagolian							23.03
	Oligocene	Rupelian				Kekeamuan	Hsandagolian							27.82
	Eocene	Priabonian				Houldjinian/Ergilian/Ulangochuian								33.9
		Bartonian				Sharamurunian/Irdinmanhan/Arshantan								37.71
		Lutetian												41.2
		Ypresian					Bumbanian							47.8
	Paleocene	Thanetian				Gashatan								56
		Selandian												59.2
		Danian												61.6
Cretaceous	Late Cretaceous	Maastrichtian											Senonian	66
		Campanian												72.1
		Santonian												83.6
		Coniacian												86.3
		Turonian												89.8
		Cenomanian												93.9
	Early Cretaceous	Albian											Gallic	100.5
		Aptian												113
		Barremian												121.4
		Hauterivian											Neocomian	125.77
		Valanginian												132.6
		Berriasian												139.8
Jurassic	Late Jurassic	Tithonian												145
		Kimmeridgian												149.2
		Oxfordian												154.8
	Middle Jurassic	Callovian												161.5
		Bathonian												165.3
		Bajocian												168.2
		Aalenian												170.9
	Early Jurassic	Toarcian												174.7
		Pliensbachian												184.2
		Sinemurian												192.9
		Hettangian												199.5
Triassic	Late Triassic	Rhaetian												201.4
		Norian												208.5
		Carnian												227
	Middle Triassic	Ladinian												237
	Middle Triassic	Anisian												242
	Early Triassic	Olenekian												247.2
	Early Triassic	Induan												251.2
Permian	Lopingian	Changhsingian												251.902
	Lopingian	Wuchiapingian		Longtanian †								Zechstein		254.14
	Guadalupian	Capitanian										Rotliegendes		259.51
		Wordian												264.28
		Roadian												266.9
	Cisuralian	Kungurian												273.01
		Artinskian										Autunian		283.5
		Sakmarian			290.1
		Asselian			293.52
Carboniferous	Pennsylvanian	Gzhelian						298.9
		Kasimovian						303.7
		Moscovian						307
		Bashkirian						315.2
	Mississippian	Serpukhovian						323.2
		Visean						330.9
		Tournaisian						346.7
Devonian	Late Devonian	Famennian						Wocklum/Dasberg/Hemberg/Nehden		358.9
	Late Devonian	Frasnian						Adorf		372.2
	Middle Devonian	Givetian						Givetian		382.7
	Middle Devonian	Eifelian						Eifelian		387.7
	Early Devonian	Emsian						Emsian		393.3
		Pragian						Siegen		407.6
		Lochkovian						Gedinnine		410.8
Silurian	Pridoli									419.2
	Ludlow	Ludfordian								423
	Ludlow	Gorstian							425.6
	Wenlock	Homerian							427.4
	Wenlock	Sheinwoodian							430.5
	Llandovery	Telychian							433.4
		Aeronian							438.5
		Rhuddanian							440.8
Ordovician	Late Ordovician	Hirnantian					Ashgill		Hirnantian	443.8
		Katian				Rawtheyan			445.2
						Cautleyan			448.9 *
			Pusgillian			449.3 *
			Caradoc			Streffordian	Onnian †		449.6 *
						Cheneyan			451.5 *
						Burrellian			452.7 *
		Sandbian							453
							Actonian †		453.2 *
							Marshbrookian †		Woolstonian †	454.2 *
							Longvillian †			455.2 *
						Aurelucian	Longvillian †			456.8 *
						Aurelucian	Soudleyan †/Harnagian/Costonian			457.4 *
	Middle Ordovician	Darriwilian	Llanvirn			Llandeilian/Llandeilo/Late Llandeilo/Middle Llandeilo/Early Llandeilo/Late Llanvirn				458.4
		Darriwilian				Abereiddian/Early Llanvirn				461.3 *
		Dapingian				Abereiddian/Early Llanvirn				467.3
		Dapingian	Arenig			Fennian				468.4 *
	Early Ordovician	Floian				Fennian				470
						Whitlandian				471.1 *
						Moridunian				474.3 *
		Tremadocian	Tremadoc			Migneintian				477.7
			Tremadoc			Cressagian				480.8 *
										485 *
Cambrian	Furongian	Stage 10								Franconian †/Dresbachian/Millardan	485.4
		Stage 10									Sunwaptan	487.5
		Jiangshanian									Sunwaptan	489.5
		Jiangshanian									Steptoean	493 *
		Paibian									Steptoean	494
	Miaolingian	Guzhangian								Series 3 †	Marjumian	Albertian †	497
		Drumian									Marjumian		500.5
		Wuliuan		Stage 5 †							Topazan		504.5
		Wuliuan		Stage 5 †							Delamaran		506.5
	Series 2	Stage 4									Delamaran	Waucoban †	509
		Stage 4									Dyeran		511 *
		Stage 3									Dyeran		514
											Montezuman		514.8 *
											Begadean		519.9 *
	Terreneuvian	Stage 2											521
	Terreneuvian	Fortunian											529
														538.8