PBDB Timescale

Obsolete Names for ICS Units

The interval definitions in this timescale are derived from the following sources:

W. B. Harland, R. L. Armstrong, A. V. Cox, L. E. Craig, A. G. Smith and D. G. Smith. 1990. A Geologic Time Scale 1989. view
K. M. Cohen, S.C. Finney, P.L. Gibbard and J.-X. Fan. 2023. The ICS International Chronostratigraphic Chart v2023/09. view
J. Meng and M. C. McKenna. 1998. Faunal turnovers of Paleogene mammals from the Mongolian Plateau. Nature 394:364-367 view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, M. D. Schmitz and G. M. Ogg. 2020. Geologic Time Scale 2020 view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, and A. G. Smith. 2004. A Geologic Time Scale 2004 1-589 view
J. Palfy, P. L. Smith, and J. K. Mortensen. 2000. A U-Pb and 40Ar/39Ar time scale for the Jurassic. Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences 37(6):923-944 view

There are 55 timescales which overlap this one. show

Interval boundaries marked with * have been interpolated based on the differences between the ages for international timescale boundaries quoted in the source and the currently accepted ages for those boundaries.

Interval names marked with † are no longer in current use.

This timescale is used in the definition of 92 collections

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International Chronostratigraphic Timescale			Obsolete Names for ICS Units			Paleogene Mammal Ages of Asia		Ten Million Year Bins	Cretaceous Subepochs	Cambrian of North America		Permian of the Salt Range	Ammonite Chrons of North America			Cenozoic Subepochs
Quaternary	Holocene	Meghalayan						Cenozoic 6									0
		Northgrippian															0.0042
		Greenlandian															0.0082
	Pleistocene	Late Pleistocene														Late Pleistocene	0.0117
		Chibanian														Middle Pleistocene	0.129
		Calabrian														Early Pleistocene	0.774
		Gelasian														Early Pleistocene	1.8
Neogene	Pliocene	Piacenzian	Tertiary †													Late Pliocene	2.58
	Pliocene	Zanclean														Early Pliocene	3.6
	Miocene	Messinian														Late Miocene	5.333
		Tortonian														Late Miocene	7.246
		Serravallian						Cenozoic 5								Middle Miocene	11.63
		Langhian														Middle Miocene	13.82
		Burdigalian														Early Miocene	15.98
		Aquitanian														Early Miocene	20.44
Paleogene	Oligocene	Chattian				Tabenbulakian	Hsandagolian	Cenozoic 4								Late Oligocene	23.03
	Oligocene	Rupelian				Kekeamuan	Hsandagolian	Cenozoic 4								Early Oligocene	27.82
	Eocene	Priabonian				Houldjinian/Ergilian/Ulangochuian		Cenozoic 3								Late Eocene	33.9
		Bartonian				Sharamurunian/Irdinmanhan/Arshantan		Cenozoic 3								Middle Eocene	37.71
		Lutetian						Cenozoic 2								Middle Eocene	41.2
		Ypresian					Bumbanian	Cenozoic 2								Early Eocene	47.8
	Paleocene	Thanetian				Gashatan		Cenozoic 1								Late Paleocene	56
		Selandian														Middle Paleocene	59.2
		Danian														Early Paleocene	61.6
Cretaceous	Late Cretaceous	Maastrichtian						Cretaceous 8	Senonian								66
		Campanian						Cretaceous 7									72.1
		Santonian						Cretaceous 6									83.6
		Coniacian															86.3
		Turonian															89.8
		Cenomanian						Cretaceous 5									93.9
	Early Cretaceous	Albian						Cretaceous 4	Gallic								100.5
		Aptian						Cretaceous 3									113
		Barremian						Cretaceous 2									121.4
		Hauterivian						Cretaceous 2	Neocomian								125.77
		Valanginian						Cretaceous 1									132.6
		Berriasian						Cretaceous 1									139.8
Jurassic	Late Jurassic	Tithonian						Jurassic 6									145
		Kimmeridgian						Jurassic 5									149.2
		Oxfordian															154.8
	Middle Jurassic	Callovian															161.5
		Bathonian						Jurassic 4									165.3
		Bajocian											Epizigzagiceras				168.2
		Bajocian											Rotundum/Oblatum/Kirschneri/Crassicostatus/Widebayense				168.4
		Aalenian						Jurassic 3					Howelli/Scissum/Westermanni				170.9
	Early Jurassic	Toarcian											Yakounensis/Hillebrandti/Crassicosta				174.7
													Planulata				179.3 *
													Planulata		Arnioceras arnouldi		179.8 *
													Kanense				181.3 *
													Carlottense				182.3 *
													Kunae				183.5 *
		Pliensbachian						Jurassic 2					Kunae				184.2
													Freboldi				185.1 *
													Whiteavesi/Imlayi	Tetraspidoceras			186.2 *
														Tetraspidoceras			189.2 *
													Plesechioceras harbledownense/Asteroceras varians/Coroniceras	Canadensis			190.3 *
		Sinemurian						Jurassic 1									192.9
													Pseudaetomoceras		Psiloceras		196.4 *
													Franziceras/Euphyllites				196.5 *
		Hettangian											Franziceras/Euphyllites				199.5
Triassic	Late Triassic	Rhaetian						Triassic 4									201.4
		Norian						Triassic 4									208.5
		Carnian						Triassic 3									227
	Middle Triassic	Ladinian						Triassic 2									237
	Middle Triassic	Anisian						Triassic 2									242
	Early Triassic	Olenekian		Triassic 1	247.2
		Induan			251.2
		Induan			Kathwai			251.5 *
Permian	Lopingian	Changhsingian		Permian 4	Kathwai			251.902
								252.4 *
					Chhidru			252.9 *
		Wuchiapingian			Chhidru			Longtanian †		254.14
					Kalabagh					255 *
					Wargal					256 *
	Guadalupian	Capitanian								259.51
		Wordian								264.28
										265.3 *
					Amb					266.1 *
		Roadian		Permian 3	Amb					266.9
		Roadian		Permian 3						270.7 *
	Cisuralian	Kungurian		Permian 2						273.01
		Artinskian								283.5
		Sakmarian								290.1
		Asselian		Permian 1						293.52
Carboniferous	Pennsylvanian	Gzhelian		Carboniferous 5						298.9
		Kasimovian		Carboniferous 5						303.7
		Moscovian		Carboniferous 4			307
		Bashkirian		Carboniferous 4		315.2
	Mississippian	Serpukhovian		Carboniferous 3		323.2
		Visean	Carboniferous 2	330.9
		Tournaisian	Carboniferous 1	346.7
Devonian	Late Devonian	Famennian	Devonian 5	358.9
	Late Devonian	Frasnian	Devonian 4	372.2
	Middle Devonian	Givetian	Devonian 3	382.7
	Middle Devonian	Eifelian	Devonian 3	387.7
	Early Devonian	Emsian	Devonian 2	393.3
		Pragian	Devonian 1	407.6
		Lochkovian	Devonian 1	410.8
Silurian	Pridoli		Silurian 2	Cayugan		419.2
	Pridoli			Niagaran		422.5 *
	Ludlow	Ludfordian				423
	Ludlow	Gorstian				425.6
	Wenlock	Homerian				Lockportian	Gleedonian		427.4
		Homerian				Lockportian	Whitwellian		429.7 *
		Sheinwoodian							430.5
	Llandovery	Telychian	Silurian 1			Ontarian			433.4
		Aeronian							438.5
									Alexandrian	438.7 *
				Medinan		Clinton				440.1 *
										440.7 *
		Rhuddanian								440.8
Ordovician	Late Ordovician	Hirnantian	Ordovician 5							443.8
		Katian	Ordovician 5							445.2
		Sandbian	Ordovician 4							453
	Middle Ordovician	Darriwilian	Ordovician 3							458.4
	Middle Ordovician	Dapingian	Ordovician 2							467.3
	Early Ordovician	Floian	Ordovician 2							470
	Early Ordovician	Tremadocian	Ordovician 1							477.7
Cambrian	Furongian	Stage 10	Cambrian 5							Franconian †/Dresbachian/Millardan	485.4
		Stage 10									Sunwaptan	487.5
		Jiangshanian									Sunwaptan	489.5
		Jiangshanian									Steptoean	493 *
		Paibian									Steptoean	494
	Miaolingian	Guzhangian	Series 3 †							Cambrian 4	Marjumian	Albertian †		497
		Drumian								Cambrian 4	Marjumian		500.5
		Wuliuan						Stage 5 †		Cambrian 3	Topazan		504.5
		Wuliuan						Stage 5 †			Delamaran		506.5
	Series 2	Stage 4									Delamaran	Waucoban †	509
		Stage 4									Dyeran		511 *
		Stage 3								Cambrian 2	Dyeran		514
											Montezuman		514.8 *
											Begadean		519.9 *
	Terreneuvian	Stage 2											521
	Terreneuvian	Fortunian								Cambrian 1			529
																	538.8