PBDB Timescale

Obsolete Names for ICS Units

The interval definitions in this timescale are derived from the following sources:

W. B. Harland, R. L. Armstrong, A. V. Cox, L. E. Craig, A. G. Smith and D. G. Smith. 1990. A Geologic Time Scale 1989. view
K. M. Cohen, S.C. Finney, P.L. Gibbard and J.-X. Fan. 2023. The ICS International Chronostratigraphic Chart v2023/09. view
Z.-X. Qiu and Z.-D. Qiu. 1995. Chronological sequence and subdivision of Chinese Neogene mammalian faunas. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology 116(1-2):41-70 view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, M. D. Schmitz and G. M. Ogg. 2020. Geologic Time Scale 2020 view
B. D. Webby. 1998. Steps toward a global standard for Ordovician stratigraphy. Newsletters in Stratigraphy 36:1-33 view
J. I. Raine, A. G. Beu, A. F. Boyes, H. J. Campbell, R. A. Cooper, J. S. Crampton, M. P. Crundwell, C. J. Hollis, and H. E. G. Morgans. 2015. Revised Calibration of the New Zealand Geological Timescale: NZGT2015/1. GNS Science Report 2012(39) view
A. D. Barnosky, M. Holmes, R. Kirchholtes, E. Lindsey, K.C. Maguire, A.W. Poust, M.A. Stegner, J. Sunseri, B. Swartz, J. Swift, N.A. Villavicencio and G. Wogan. 2014. Prelude to the Anthropocene: Two new North American Land Mammal Ages (NALMAs). The Anthropocene Review I(3):225-242 view

There are 55 timescales which overlap this one. show

Interval boundaries marked with * have been interpolated based on the differences between the ages for international timescale boundaries quoted in the source and the currently accepted ages for those boundaries.

Interval names marked with † are no longer in current use.

This timescale is used in the definition of 92 collections

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International Chronostratigraphic Timescale			Obsolete Names for ICS Units			Neogene Mammal Ages of China	Ordovician of Britain				Ordovician of Australia	Silurian of England		Cretaceous-Cenozoic of New Zealand		Permian of North America	North American Land Mammal Ages
Quaternary	Holocene	Meghalayan												Wanganui	Haweran		Saintaugustinean	0
		Meghalayan															Santarosean	0.0004
		Northgrippian																0.0042
		Greenlandian																0.0082
	Pleistocene	Late Pleistocene				Nihewanian												0.0117
		Late Pleistocene															Rancholabrean	0.014
		Chibanian															Rancholabrean	0.129
																	Irvingtonian	0.21
															Castlecliffian			0.34
		Calabrian																0.774
																	Blancan	1.4
															Nukumaruan			1.63
		Gelasian													Nukumaruan			1.8
		Gelasian													Mangapanian			2.4
Neogene	Pliocene	Piacenzian	Tertiary †			Yushean									Mangapanian			2.58
		Piacenzian													Waipipian			3
		Zanclean													Waipipian			3.6
															Opoitian			3.7
																	Hemphillian	4.7
						Baodean												4.9
	Miocene	Messinian												Taranaki	Kapitean			5.333
		Messinian													Tongaporutuan			7.2
		Tortonian																7.246
																	Clarendonian	9.4
														Southland	Waiauan			11.04
						Tunggurian												11.1
		Serravallian																11.63
																	Barstovian	12.5
															Lillburnian			13.05
		Langhian				Shanwangian									Lillburnian			13.82
															Clifdenian			15.1
														Pareora	Altonian			15.9
		Burdigalian																15.98
																	Hemingfordian	16.3
						Xiejiaan											Hemingfordian	16.9
																	Arikareean	18.5
															Otaian			18.7
		Aquitanian													Otaian			20.44
		Aquitanian												Landon	Waitakian			21.7
Paleogene	Oligocene	Chattian													Waitakian			23.03
															Duntroonian			25.2
															Whaingaroan			27.3
		Rupelian																27.82
																	Whitneyan	29.5
																	Orellan	31.8
	Eocene	Priabonian															Chadronian	33.9
														Arnold	Runangan			34.6
															Kaiatan			36.7
																	Duchesnean	37
		Bartonian																37.71
															Bortonian			39.1
																	Uintan	39.7
		Lutetian																41.2
														Dannevirke	Porangan			42.6
															Heretaungan			45.7
																	Bridgerian	46.2
		Ypresian																47.8
															Mangaorapan			48.9
															Mangaorapan		Wasatchian	50.5
															Waipawan		Wasatchian	52
															Waipawan		Clarkforkian	54.9
	Paleocene	Thanetian													Teurian		Clarkforkian	56
		Thanetian															Tiffanian	56.2
		Selandian															Tiffanian	59.2
		Selandian		Torrejonian	60.9
		Danian		Torrejonian	61.6
		Danian		Puercan	63.8
Cretaceous	Late Cretaceous	Maastrichtian		Mata	Haumurian			66
		Campanian			Haumurian			72.1
		Santonian			Piripauan			83.6
		Santonian		Raukumara	Teratan			86.1
		Coniacian						86.3
		Turonian						89.8
					Mangaotanean			90.5
					Arowhanan			93.7
		Cenomanian			Arowhanan			93.9
				Clarence	Ngaterian			95.2
					Motuan			99.5
	Early Cretaceous	Albian			Motuan			100.5
					Urutawan			103.3
				Taitai	Korangan			108.4
		Aptian			Korangan			113
		Aptian						117.5
		Barremian						121.4
		Hauterivian						125.77
		Valanginian						132.6
		Berriasian						139.8
Jurassic	Late Jurassic	Tithonian						145
		Kimmeridgian						149.2
		Oxfordian						154.8
	Middle Jurassic	Callovian						161.5
		Bathonian						165.3
		Bajocian						168.2
		Aalenian						170.9
	Early Jurassic	Toarcian						174.7
		Pliensbachian						184.2
		Sinemurian						192.9
		Hettangian						199.5
Triassic	Late Triassic	Rhaetian						201.4
		Norian						208.5
		Carnian						227
	Middle Triassic	Ladinian						237
	Middle Triassic	Anisian						242
	Early Triassic	Olenekian				247.2
	Early Triassic	Induan				251.2
Permian	Lopingian	Changhsingian				Buntsandstein		251.902
	Lopingian	Wuchiapingian				Buntsandstein		Longtanian †	Zechstein	254.14
	Guadalupian	Capitanian						Capitanian	Rotliegendes	Ohre/Aller	259.51
		Wordian						Wordian		Leine	264.28
		Roadian						Roadian			266.9
	Cisuralian	Kungurian						Leonardian			Cathedralian	273.01
		Kungurian									Hessian	281.9 *
		Artinskian							Autunian		Hessian	283.5
		Artinskian						Wolfcampian			Lenoxian	286.1 *
		Sakmarian									Lenoxian	290.1
		Asselian									Nealian	293.52
Carboniferous	Pennsylvanian	Gzhelian										298.9
		Kasimovian										303.7
		Moscovian										307
		Bashkirian										315.2
	Mississippian	Serpukhovian										323.2
		Visean										330.9
		Tournaisian										346.7
Devonian	Late Devonian	Famennian										Late Famennian	358.9
												Middle Famennian	365.3 *
												Early Famennian	368.5 *
		Frasnian										Late Frasnian	372.2
												Middle Frasnian	375.4 *
												Early Frasnian	379.3 *
	Middle Devonian	Givetian										Late Givetian	382.7
												Middle Givetian	383.7 *
			Early Givetian				385.9 *
		Eifelian	Late Eifelian				387.7
		Eifelian	Early Eifelian				390.3 *
	Early Devonian	Emsian	Late Emsian				393.3
		Emsian	Early Emsian				398.3 *
		Pragian	Pragian				407.6
		Lochkovian	Late Lochkovian				410.8
			Middle Lochkovian				412.8 *
			Early Lochkovian				415.6 *
Silurian	Pridoli		Red Downtonian/Temeside Shales/Downton Castle				Whitcliffe/Leintwardine						419.2
	Pridoli		Red Downtonian/Temeside Shales/Downton Castle				Bringewood/Elton						421.3
	Ludlow	Ludfordian	Coalbrookdale				Wenlock (England)/Tickwood						423
		Gorstian											425.6
		Gorstian					Buildwas						426.4 *
	Wenlock	Homerian					Buildwas						427.4
		Homerian	Wych		Woolhope		428.4 *
		Sheinwoodian					430.5
	Llandovery	Telychian					433.4
		Telychian					436.3 *
		Aeronian					438.5
		Aeronian	Cowleigh Park	439.3 *
		Rhuddanian	Cowleigh Park	440.8
Ordovician	Late Ordovician	Hirnantian	Ashgill	Hirnantian			Bolindian							443.8
		Katian		Rawtheyan										445.2
				Cautleyan										448.9 *
				Cautleyan			Eastonian							449 *
				Pusgillian										449.3 *
			Caradoc	Streffordian										Onnian †	449.6 *
				Cheneyan											451.5 *
				Cheneyan			Gisbornian								452 *
				Burrellian											452.7 *
		Sandbian													453
														Actonian †	453.2 *
														Marshbrookian †	Woolstonian †	454.2 *
														Longvillian †		455.2 *
				Aurelucian										Longvillian †		456.8 *
				Aurelucian										Soudleyan †/Harnagian/Costonian		457.4 *
	Middle Ordovician	Darriwilian	Llanvirn	Llandeilian/Llandeilo/Late Llandeilo/Middle Llandeilo/Early Llandeilo/Late Llanvirn										Darriwilian		458.4
		Darriwilian		Abereiddian/Early Llanvirn										Darriwilian		461.3 *
		Dapingian		Abereiddian/Early Llanvirn										Yapeenian		467.3
			Arenig	Fennian		468.4 *								Yapeenian
						Castlemainian								468.5 *
	Early Ordovician	Floian				Chewtonian				470
				Whitlandian		Chewtonian				471.1 *
						Bendigonian				471.8 *
						Lancefieldian				473.5 *
				Moridunian						474.3 *
		Tremadocian	Tremadoc	Migneintian						477.7
				Cressagian						480.8 *
				Cressagian		Warendian		482.8 *
						Warendian		485 *
Cambrian	Furongian	Stage 10						485.4
		Jiangshanian						489.5
		Paibian						494
	Miaolingian	Guzhangian						Series 3 †	497
		Drumian							500.5
		Wuliuan							Stage 5 †	504.5
																		509