PBDB Timescale

Obsolete Names for ICS Units

The interval definitions in this timescale are derived from the following sources:

W. B. Harland, R. L. Armstrong, A. V. Cox, L. E. Craig, A. G. Smith and D. G. Smith. 1990. A Geologic Time Scale 1989. view
K. M. Cohen, S.C. Finney, P.L. Gibbard and J.-X. Fan. 2023. The ICS International Chronostratigraphic Chart v2023/09. view
Z.-X. Qiu and Z.-D. Qiu. 1995. Chronological sequence and subdivision of Chinese Neogene mammalian faunas. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology 116(1-2):41-70 view
A. G. Sennikov and V. K. Golubev. 2006. Vyazniki Biotic Assemblage of the Terminal Permian. Paleontological Journal 40(suppl. 4):S475-S481 view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, M. D. Schmitz and G. M. Ogg. 2020. Geologic Time Scale 2020 view
J. A. Lillegraven and M. C. McKenna. 1986. Fossil mammals from the "Mesaverde" Formation (Late Cretaceous, Judithian) of the Bighorn and Wind River basins, Wyoming, with definitions of Late Cretaceous North American Land-Mammal "Ages". American Museum Novitates 2840:1-68 view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, and A. G. Smith. 2004. A Geologic Time Scale 2004 1-589 view
J. I. Raine, A. G. Beu, A. F. Boyes, H. J. Campbell, R. A. Cooper, J. S. Crampton, M. P. Crundwell, C. J. Hollis, and H. E. G. Morgans. 2015. Revised Calibration of the New Zealand Geological Timescale: NZGT2015/1. GNS Science Report 2012(39) view

There are 55 timescales which overlap this one. show

Interval boundaries marked with * have been interpolated based on the differences between the ages for international timescale boundaries quoted in the source and the currently accepted ages for those boundaries.

Interval names marked with † are no longer in current use.

This timescale is used in the definition of 92 collections

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International Chronostratigraphic Timescale			Obsolete Names for ICS Units			Neogene Mammal Ages of China	Permo-Triassic Subages of Eastern Europe	Cretaceous North American Land-Mammal Ages	Carboniferous of North America	Devonian Subages	Cretaceous-Cenozoic of New Zealand
Quaternary	Holocene	Meghalayan									Wanganui	Haweran	0
		Northgrippian											0.0042
		Greenlandian											0.0082
	Pleistocene	Late Pleistocene				Nihewanian							0.0117
		Chibanian											0.129
		Chibanian										Castlecliffian	0.34
		Calabrian										Castlecliffian	0.774
		Calabrian										Nukumaruan	1.63
		Gelasian										Nukumaruan	1.8
		Gelasian										Mangapanian	2.4
Neogene	Pliocene	Piacenzian	Tertiary †			Yushean						Mangapanian	2.58
		Piacenzian										Waipipian	3
		Zanclean										Waipipian	3.6
												Opoitian	3.7
						Baodean						Opoitian	4.9
	Miocene	Messinian									Taranaki	Kapitean	5.333
		Messinian										Tongaporutuan	7.2
		Tortonian										Tongaporutuan	7.246
											Southland	Waiauan	11.04
						Tunggurian							11.1
		Serravallian											11.63
		Serravallian										Lillburnian	13.05
		Langhian				Shanwangian						Lillburnian	13.82
												Clifdenian	15.1
											Pareora	Altonian	15.9
		Burdigalian											15.98
						Xiejiaan							16.9
												Otaian	18.7
		Aquitanian										Otaian	20.44
		Aquitanian									Landon	Waitakian	21.7
Paleogene	Oligocene	Chattian										Waitakian	23.03
												Duntroonian	25.2
												Whaingaroan	27.3
		Rupelian											27.82
	Eocene	Priabonian											33.9
											Arnold	Runangan	34.6
												Kaiatan	36.7
		Bartonian										Kaiatan	37.71
		Bartonian										Bortonian	39.1
		Lutetian										Bortonian	41.2
											Dannevirke	Porangan	42.6
												Heretaungan	45.7
		Ypresian										Heretaungan	47.8
												Mangaorapan	48.9
												Waipawan	52
	Paleocene	Thanetian										Teurian	56
		Selandian											59.2
		Danian											61.6
Cretaceous	Late Cretaceous	Maastrichtian						Lancian/Edmontonian			Mata	Haumurian	66
		Campanian						Judithian/Aquilan				Haumurian	72.1
		Santonian										Piripauan	83.6
		Santonian									Raukumara	Teratan	86.1
		Coniacian											86.3
		Turonian											89.8
												Mangaotanean	90.5
												Arowhanan	93.7
		Cenomanian										Arowhanan	93.9
											Clarence	Ngaterian	95.2
												Motuan	99.5
	Early Cretaceous	Albian										Motuan	100.5
												Urutawan	103.3
											Taitai	Korangan	108.4
		Aptian										Korangan	113
		Aptian											117.5
		Barremian		121.4
		Hauterivian		125.77
		Valanginian		132.6
		Berriasian		139.8
Jurassic	Late Jurassic	Tithonian			145
		Kimmeridgian			149.2
		Oxfordian			154.8
	Middle Jurassic	Callovian			161.5
		Bathonian			165.3
		Bajocian			168.2
		Aalenian			170.9
	Early Jurassic	Toarcian			174.7
		Pliensbachian			184.2
		Sinemurian			192.9
		Hettangian			199.5
Triassic	Late Triassic	Rhaetian			201.4
		Norian			208.5
		Carnian			227
	Middle Triassic	Ladinian			237
	Middle Triassic	Anisian			242
	Early Triassic	Olenekian			Vokhmian		247.2
		Induan					251.2
		Induan					Kathwai		251.5 *
Permian	Lopingian	Changhsingian					Kathwai		251.902
									252.4 *
							Chhidru		252.9 *
		Wuchiapingian			Longtanian †		Chhidru		Late Vyatkian/Early Vyatkian	254.14
							Kalabagh			255 *
							Wargal			256 *
	Guadalupian	Capitanian							Late Severodvinian/Early Severodvinian	259.51
		Wordian				Late Urzhumian/Early Urzhumian			264.28
									265.3 *
							Amb		266.1 *
		Roadian				Late Kazanian/Early Kazanian	Amb		266.9
		Roadian				Late Kazanian/Early Kazanian			270.7 *
	Cisuralian	Kungurian							273.01
		Artinskian							283.5
		Sakmarian							290.1
		Asselian							Bursumian †	293.52
Carboniferous	Pennsylvanian	Gzhelian							Virgilian	298.9
		Kasimovian							Missourian	303.7
		Kasimovian							Desmoinesian	305.9 *
		Moscovian							Desmoinesian	307
		Moscovian							Atokan	312.7 *
		Bashkirian							Atokan	315.2
		Bashkirian							Morrowan	318.4 *
	Mississippian	Serpukhovian							Chesterian	323.2
		Visean							Chesterian	330.9
			Meramecian						335.8 *
			Osagean						343.1 *
		Tournaisian	Osagean					346.7
		Tournaisian	Kinderhookian					351.9 *
Devonian	Late Devonian	Famennian						Late Famennian	358.9
								Middle Famennian	365.3 *
								Early Famennian	368.5 *
		Frasnian						Late Frasnian	372.2
								Middle Frasnian	375.4 *
								Early Frasnian	379.3 *
	Middle Devonian	Givetian						Late Givetian	382.7
								Middle Givetian	383.7 *
								Early Givetian	385.9 *
		Eifelian						Late Eifelian	387.7
		Eifelian						Early Eifelian	390.3 *
	Early Devonian	Emsian						Late Emsian	393.3
		Emsian						Early Emsian	398.3 *
		Pragian						Pragian	407.6
		Lochkovian						Late Lochkovian	410.8
								Middle Lochkovian	412.8 *
				Early Lochkovian				415.6 *
Silurian	Pridoli							419.2
	Ludlow	Ludfordian						423
	Ludlow	Gorstian						425.6
	Wenlock	Homerian						427.4
	Wenlock	Sheinwoodian						430.5
	Llandovery	Telychian						433.4
		Aeronian						438.5
		Rhuddanian						440.8
Ordovician	Late Ordovician	Hirnantian						443.8
		Katian						445.2
		Sandbian						453
	Middle Ordovician	Darriwilian						458.4
	Middle Ordovician	Dapingian						467.3
	Early Ordovician	Floian						470
	Early Ordovician	Tremadocian						477.7
Cambrian	Furongian	Stage 10						485.4
		Jiangshanian						489.5
		Paibian						494
	Miaolingian	Guzhangian						Series 3 †	497
		Drumian							500.5
		Wuliuan			Stage 5 †				504.5
													509