PBDB Timescale

Obsolete Names for ICS Units

The interval definitions in this timescale are derived from the following sources:

W. B. Harland, R. L. Armstrong, A. V. Cox, L. E. Craig, A. G. Smith and D. G. Smith. 1990. A Geologic Time Scale 1989. view
K. M. Cohen, S.C. Finney, P.L. Gibbard and J.-X. Fan. 2023. The ICS International Chronostratigraphic Chart v2023/09. view
M. Harzhauser and W. E. Piller. 2004. Integrated stratigraphy of the Sarmatian (Upper Middle Miocene) in the western Central Paratethys. Stratigraphy 1(1):65-86 view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, M. D. Schmitz and G. M. Ogg. 2020. Geologic Time Scale 2020 view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, and A. G. Smith. 2004. A Geologic Time Scale 2004 1-589 view
F. J. Prevosti, C. O. Romano, A. M. Forasiepi, S. Hemming, R. Bonini, A. M. Candela, E. Cerdeño, M. C. Madozzo Jaén, P. E. Ortiz, F. Pujos, L. Rasia, G. I. Schmidt, M. Taglioretti, R. D. E. MacPhee, and U. F. J. Pardiñas. 2021. New radiometric 40Ar–39Ar dates and faunistic analyses refine evolutionary dynamics of Neogene vertebrate assemblages in southern South America. Scientific Reports 2021(11):9830 view
J. J. Flynn and C. C. Swisher, III. 1995. Cenozoic South American Land Mammal Ages: correlation to global geochronology. Geochronology Time Scales and Global Stratigraphic Correlation, SEPM Special Publication 54:317-333 view
B. D. Webby. 1998. Steps toward a global standard for Ordovician stratigraphy. Newsletters in Stratigraphy 36:1-33 view

There are 55 timescales which overlap this one. show

Interval boundaries marked with * have been interpolated based on the differences between the ages for international timescale boundaries quoted in the source and the currently accepted ages for those boundaries.

Interval names marked with † are no longer in current use.

This timescale is used in the definition of 92 collections

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International Chronostratigraphic Timescale			Obsolete Names for ICS Units			Central Paratethys Stages	Devonian Subages	Cambrian of Kazakhstan	Permian Subages of Germany	Permian of China	Cambrian of Australia	Ten Million Year Bins	Silurian of North America			South American Land Mammal Ages
Quaternary	Holocene	Meghalayan										Cenozoic 6						0
		Northgrippian																0.0042
		Greenlandian																0.0082
	Pleistocene	Late Pleistocene														Lujanian		0.0117
		Chibanian														Lujanian		0.129
		Chibanian														Ensenadan		0.3 *
		Calabrian														Ensenadan		0.774
		Calabrian														Sanandresian	Uquian †	1.7 *
		Gelasian														Sanandresian		1.8
Neogene	Pliocene	Piacenzian	Tertiary †													Vorohuean		2.58
		Piacenzian														Chapadmalalan		2.9 *
		Zanclean														Chapadmalalan		3.6
																Montehermosan		3.7 *
																Huayquerian		4.9 *
	Miocene	Messinian																5.333
		Tortonian				Pannonian												7.246
																Chasicoan		7.9 *
																Mayoan		9.9 *
																Laventan		10.9 *
		Serravallian				Sarmatian						Cenozoic 5						11.63
						Badenian												12.8 *
						Badenian										Colloncuran		13.7 *
		Langhian														Colloncuran		13.82
		Langhian														Friasian		15.4 *
		Burdigalian														Friasian		15.98
																Santacrucian		16.2 *
																Colhuehuapian		17.4 *
		Aquitanian														Colhuehuapian		20.44
		Aquitanian														Deseadan		20.9 *
Paleogene	Oligocene	Chattian										Cenozoic 4						23.03
		Rupelian																27.82
		Rupelian														Tinguirirican		28.9 *
	Eocene	Priabonian										Cenozoic 3				Tinguirirican		33.9
		Priabonian														Divisaderan		35.9 *
		Bartonian																37.71
		Lutetian										Cenozoic 2						41.2
		Lutetian														Mustersan		41.9 *
		Ypresian														Mustersan		47.8
		Ypresian														Casamayoran		47.9 *
	Paleocene	Thanetian										Cenozoic 1				Riochican		56
																Itaboraian		56.9 *
																Peligran		58.9 *
		Selandian																59.2
		Danian																61.6
		Danian														Tiupampan		62.4 *
Cretaceous	Late Cretaceous	Maastrichtian										Cretaceous 8						66
		Campanian										Cretaceous 7						72.1
		Santonian										Cretaceous 6						83.6
		Coniacian																86.3
		Turonian																89.8
		Cenomanian										Cretaceous 5						93.9
	Early Cretaceous	Albian										Cretaceous 4						100.5
		Aptian										Cretaceous 3						113
		Barremian										Cretaceous 2						121.4
		Hauterivian										Cretaceous 2						125.77
		Valanginian										Cretaceous 1						132.6
		Berriasian										Cretaceous 1						139.8
Jurassic	Late Jurassic	Tithonian										Jurassic 6						145
		Kimmeridgian										Jurassic 5						149.2
		Oxfordian																154.8
	Middle Jurassic	Callovian																161.5
		Bathonian										Jurassic 4						165.3
		Bajocian										Jurassic 4						168.2
		Aalenian										Jurassic 3						170.9
	Early Jurassic	Toarcian		174.7								Jurassic 3
		Pliensbachian		Jurassic 2	184.2
		Sinemurian		Jurassic 1	192.9
		Hettangian		Jurassic 1	199.5
Triassic	Late Triassic	Rhaetian		Triassic 4	201.4
		Norian		Triassic 4	208.5
		Carnian		Triassic 3	227
	Middle Triassic	Ladinian		Triassic 2	237
	Middle Triassic	Anisian		Triassic 2	242
	Early Triassic	Olenekian		Triassic 1	247.2
	Early Triassic	Induan		Triassic 1	251.2
Permian	Lopingian	Changhsingian		Buntsandstein	Meishanian		Permian 4	251.902
		Changhsingian			Baoqingian			253.4 *
		Wuchiapingian			Longtanian †			Laoshanian	254.14
		Wuchiapingian			Longtanian †			Laibinian	257.7 *
	Guadalupian	Capitanian			Ohre/Aller			Lengwuan	259.51
		Wordian			Leine			Kuhfengian	264.28
		Roadian					Permian 3	Kuhfengian	266.9
	Cisuralian	Kungurian					Luodianian	Permian 2	273.01
		Artinskian					Luodianian		283.5
		Artinskian					Longlinian		285.4 *
		Sakmarian					Longlinian		290.1
		Asselian				Zisongian	Permian 1	293.52
Carboniferous	Pennsylvanian	Gzhelian				Zisongian	Carboniferous 5	298.9
		Gzhelian						300.1
		Kasimovian						303.7
		Moscovian					Carboniferous 4	307
		Bashkirian					Carboniferous 4	315.2
	Mississippian	Serpukhovian					Carboniferous 3	323.2
		Visean					Carboniferous 2	330.9
		Tournaisian					Carboniferous 1	346.7
Devonian	Late Devonian	Famennian					Late Famennian	Devonian 5	358.9
							Middle Famennian		365.3 *
							Early Famennian		368.5 *
		Frasnian					Late Frasnian	Devonian 4	372.2
							Middle Frasnian		375.4 *
							Early Frasnian		379.3 *
	Middle Devonian	Givetian					Late Givetian	Devonian 3	382.7
							Middle Givetian		383.7 *
							Early Givetian		385.9 *
		Eifelian					Late Eifelian		387.7
		Eifelian					Early Eifelian		390.3 *
	Early Devonian	Emsian					Late Emsian	Devonian 2	393.3
		Emsian					Early Emsian	Devonian 2	398.3 *
		Pragian					Pragian	Devonian 1	407.6
		Lochkovian	Late Lochkovian				410.8
			Middle Lochkovian				412.8 *
			Early Lochkovian				415.6 *
Silurian	Pridoli						Silurian 2	Cayugan	419.2
	Pridoli							Niagaran	422.5 *
	Ludlow	Ludfordian							423
	Ludlow	Gorstian							425.6
	Wenlock	Homerian							Lockportian	427.4
	Wenlock	Sheinwoodian								430.5
	Llandovery	Telychian					Silurian 1		Ontarian	433.4
		Aeronian								438.5
										Alexandrian	438.7 *
								Medinan	Clinton		440.1 *
											440.7 *
		Rhuddanian									440.8
Ordovician	Late Ordovician	Hirnantian					Ordovician 5				Harju	Porkuni	443.8
		Katian										Pirgu	445.2
												Vormsi	449.6 *
												Nabala	Johvi †	450 *
											Viru	Rakvere		450.6 *
												Oandu		452 *
		Sandbian					Ordovician 4					Keila	Idavere †	453
												Haljala		453.9
												Kukruse		456.4 *
												Uhaku	Aluoja †	457.5 *
	Middle Ordovician	Darriwilian					Ordovician 3					Uhaku		458.4
												Lasnamagi		458.9 *
												Aseri		460.4 *
											Oeland	Kunda		462.9 *
												Kunda	Valaste †/Hunderum	464.3 *
												Volkhov		Langevoja †/Vaana/Saka	467.1 *
		Dapingian					Ordovician 2					Volkhov			467.3
		Dapingian										Billingen			469.3 *
	Early Ordovician	Floian													470
				Latorp †										470.1 *
												Hunneberg		473.7 *
		Tremadocian			Ungurian		Ordovician 1					Hunneberg		477.7
												Varangu		481.3 *
												Pakerort		482.2 *
Cambrian	Furongian	Stage 10		Batyrbaian	Datsonian		Cambrian 5					Pakerort			485.4
															486.3 *
															486.5
					Payntonian										486.8 *
		Jiangshanian			Iverian	489.5
				Aksaian		490.7 *
				Sakian		492.2 *
		Paibian		Sakian	Idamean	494
	Miaolingian	Guzhangian		Series 3 †	Ayusokkanian	Mindyallan	Cambrian 4								497
					Ayusokkanian	Boomerangian									499
						Boomerangian									499.5
		Drumian			Zhanaarykian	Undillan									500.5
		Drumian			Tuesaian	Floran									503
		Wuliuan			Tuesaian	Stage 5 †	Templetonian								Cambrian 3	504.5
							Templetonian									505.3
							Ordian									507.8 *
	Series 2	Stage 4														509
					Toyonian											510 *
					Toyonian											510.8 *
					Botomian											512.5 *
		Stage 3			Botomian										Cambrian 2	514
		Stage 3			Atdabanian											515.6 *
	Terreneuvian	Stage 2			Tommotian											521
		Stage 2														525.5
		Fortunian													Cambrian 1	529
																		538.8