PBDB Timescale

Obsolete Names for ICS Units

The interval definitions in this timescale are derived from the following sources:

W. B. Harland, R. L. Armstrong, A. V. Cox, L. E. Craig, A. G. Smith and D. G. Smith. 1990. A Geologic Time Scale 1989. view
K. M. Cohen, S.C. Finney, P.L. Gibbard and J.-X. Fan. 2023. The ICS International Chronostratigraphic Chart v2023/09. view
M. Freudenthal. 2006. Mammal Paleogene zones. personal communication view
A. D. Barnosky, M. Holmes, R. Kirchholtes, E. Lindsey, K.C. Maguire, A.W. Poust, M.A. Stegner, J. Sunseri, B. Swartz, J. Swift, N.A. Villavicencio and G. Wogan. 2014. Prelude to the Anthropocene: Two new North American Land Mammal Ages (NALMAs). The Anthropocene Review I(3):225-242 view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, M. D. Schmitz and G. M. Ogg. 2020. Geologic Time Scale 2020 view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, and A. G. Smith. 2004. A Geologic Time Scale 2004 1-589 view

There are 55 timescales which overlap this one. show

Interval boundaries marked with * have been interpolated based on the differences between the ages for international timescale boundaries quoted in the source and the currently accepted ages for those boundaries.

Interval names marked with † are no longer in current use.

This timescale is used in the definition of 92 collections

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International Chronostratigraphic Timescale			Obsolete Names for ICS Units			Mammal Paleogene Zones		North American Land Mammal Ages	Permian of Western Europe
Quaternary	Holocene	Meghalayan						Saintaugustinean		0
		Meghalayan						Santarosean		0.0004
		Northgrippian								0.0042
		Greenlandian								0.0082
	Pleistocene	Late Pleistocene								0.0117
		Late Pleistocene						Rancholabrean		0.014
		Chibanian						Rancholabrean		0.129
		Chibanian						Irvingtonian		0.21
		Calabrian						Irvingtonian		0.774
		Calabrian						Blancan		1.4
		Gelasian								1.8
Neogene	Pliocene	Piacenzian	Tertiary †							2.58
		Zanclean								3.6
		Zanclean						Hemphillian		4.7
	Miocene	Messinian								5.333
		Tortonian								7.246
		Tortonian						Clarendonian		9.4
		Serravallian						Clarendonian		11.63
		Serravallian						Barstovian		12.5
		Langhian								13.82
		Burdigalian								15.98
								Hemingfordian		16.3
								Arikareean		18.5
		Aquitanian								20.44
Paleogene	Oligocene	Chattian				MP 30/MP 29/MP 28/MP 27/MP 26	MP 25			23.03
		Rupelian				MP 24/MP 23/MP 22/MP 21				27.82
								Whitneyan		29.5
								Orellan		31.8
	Eocene	Priabonian				MP 20/MP 19/MP 18/MP 17B/MP 17A		Chadronian		33.9
		Priabonian				MP 20/MP 19/MP 18/MP 17B/MP 17A		Duchesnean		37
		Bartonian				MP 16		Duchesnean		37.71
		Bartonian				MP 16		Uintan		39.7
		Lutetian				MP 15/MP 14/MP 13/MP 12/MP 11		Uintan		41.2
		Lutetian				MP 15/MP 14/MP 13/MP 12/MP 11		Bridgerian		46.2
		Ypresian				MP 10/MP 8 + 9/MP 7		Bridgerian		47.8
								Wasatchian		50.5
								Clarkforkian		54.9
	Paleocene	Thanetian				MP 6	MP 1 - 5	Clarkforkian		56
		Thanetian				MP 6		Tiffanian		56.2
		Selandian						Tiffanian		59.2
		Selandian						Torrejonian		60.9
		Danian						Torrejonian		61.6
		Danian						Puercan		63.8
Cretaceous	Late Cretaceous	Maastrichtian								66
		Campanian								72.1
		Santonian								83.6
		Coniacian								86.3
		Turonian								89.8
		Cenomanian								93.9
	Early Cretaceous	Albian								100.5
		Aptian								113
		Barremian								121.4
		Hauterivian								125.77
		Valanginian								132.6
		Berriasian								139.8
Jurassic	Late Jurassic	Tithonian								145
		Kimmeridgian								149.2
		Oxfordian								154.8
	Middle Jurassic	Callovian								161.5
		Bathonian								165.3
		Bajocian								168.2
		Aalenian								170.9
	Early Jurassic	Toarcian								174.7
		Pliensbachian								184.2
		Sinemurian		192.9
		Hettangian		199.5
Triassic	Late Triassic	Rhaetian		201.4
		Norian		208.5
		Carnian		227
	Middle Triassic	Ladinian		237
	Middle Triassic	Anisian		242
	Early Triassic	Olenekian		247.2
	Early Triassic	Induan		251.2
Permian	Lopingian	Changhsingian		251.902
	Lopingian	Wuchiapingian		Longtanian †	Zechstein				254.14
	Guadalupian	Capitanian			Rotliegendes				259.51
		Wordian							264.28
		Roadian							266.9
	Cisuralian	Kungurian							273.01
		Artinskian			Autunian				283.5
		Sakmarian							290.1
		Asselian							293.52
Carboniferous	Pennsylvanian	Gzhelian							298.9
		Kasimovian							303.7
		Moscovian							307
		Bashkirian							315.2
	Mississippian	Serpukhovian							323.2
		Visean							330.9
		Tournaisian							346.7
Devonian	Late Devonian	Famennian							358.9
	Late Devonian	Frasnian							372.2
	Middle Devonian	Givetian							382.7
	Middle Devonian	Eifelian							387.7
	Early Devonian	Emsian							393.3
		Pragian							407.6
		Lochkovian							410.8
Silurian	Pridoli								419.2
	Ludlow	Ludfordian							423
	Ludlow	Gorstian							425.6
	Wenlock	Homerian							427.4
	Wenlock	Sheinwoodian							430.5
	Llandovery	Telychian							433.4
		Aeronian							438.5
		Rhuddanian				440.8
Ordovician	Late Ordovician	Hirnantian				443.8
		Katian				445.2
		Sandbian				453
	Middle Ordovician	Darriwilian	458.4
	Middle Ordovician	Dapingian	467.3
	Early Ordovician	Floian	470
	Early Ordovician	Tremadocian	477.7
Cambrian	Furongian	Stage 10	Franconian †/Dresbachian/Millardan			485.4
		Stage 10				Sunwaptan	487.5
		Jiangshanian				Sunwaptan	489.5
		Jiangshanian				Steptoean	493 *
		Paibian				Steptoean	494
	Miaolingian	Guzhangian	Series 3 †			Marjumian	Albertian †	497
		Drumian				Marjumian		500.5
		Wuliuan		Stage 5 †		Topazan		504.5
		Wuliuan		Stage 5 †		Delamaran		506.5
	Series 2	Stage 4				Delamaran	Waucoban †	509
		Stage 4				Dyeran		511 *
		Stage 3				Dyeran		514
						Montezuman		514.8 *
						Begadean		519.9 *
	Terreneuvian	Stage 2						521
	Terreneuvian	Fortunian						529
										538.8