PBDB Timescale

Obsolete Names for ICS Units

The interval definitions in this timescale are derived from the following sources:

W. B. Harland, R. L. Armstrong, A. V. Cox, L. E. Craig, A. G. Smith and D. G. Smith. 1990. A Geologic Time Scale 1989. view
K. M. Cohen, S.C. Finney, P.L. Gibbard and J.-X. Fan. 2023. The ICS International Chronostratigraphic Chart v2023/09. view
M. Freudenthal. 2006. Mammal Paleogene zones. personal communication view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, M. D. Schmitz and G. M. Ogg. 2020. Geologic Time Scale 2020 view
B. D. Webby. 1998. Steps toward a global standard for Ordovician stratigraphy. Newsletters in Stratigraphy 36:1-33 view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, and A. G. Smith. 2004. A Geologic Time Scale 2004 1-589 view
J. A. Lillegraven and M. C. McKenna. 1986. Fossil mammals from the "Mesaverde" Formation (Late Cretaceous, Judithian) of the Bighorn and Wind River basins, Wyoming, with definitions of Late Cretaceous North American Land-Mammal "Ages". American Museum Novitates 2840:1-68 view

There are 55 timescales which overlap this one. show

Interval boundaries marked with * have been interpolated based on the differences between the ages for international timescale boundaries quoted in the source and the currently accepted ages for those boundaries.

Interval names marked with † are no longer in current use.

This timescale is used in the definition of 92 collections

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International Chronostratigraphic Timescale			Obsolete Names for ICS Units			Mammal Paleogene Zones		Cambrian of Britain		Ordovician of Britain				Permian of the Russian Platform		Silurian of England	Cenozoic Subepochs	Cretaceous North American Land-Mammal Ages
Quaternary	Holocene	Meghalayan																	0
		Northgrippian																	0.0042
		Greenlandian																	0.0082
	Pleistocene	Late Pleistocene															Late Pleistocene		0.0117
		Chibanian															Middle Pleistocene		0.129
		Calabrian															Early Pleistocene		0.774
		Gelasian															Early Pleistocene		1.8
Neogene	Pliocene	Piacenzian	Tertiary †														Late Pliocene		2.58
	Pliocene	Zanclean															Early Pliocene		3.6
	Miocene	Messinian															Late Miocene		5.333
		Tortonian															Late Miocene		7.246
		Serravallian															Middle Miocene		11.63
		Langhian															Middle Miocene		13.82
		Burdigalian															Early Miocene		15.98
		Aquitanian															Early Miocene		20.44
Paleogene	Oligocene	Chattian				MP 30/MP 29/MP 28/MP 27/MP 26	MP 25										Late Oligocene		23.03
	Oligocene	Rupelian				MP 24/MP 23/MP 22/MP 21	MP 25										Early Oligocene		27.82
	Eocene	Priabonian				MP 20/MP 19/MP 18/MP 17B/MP 17A											Late Eocene		33.9
		Bartonian				MP 16											Middle Eocene		37.71
		Lutetian				MP 15/MP 14/MP 13/MP 12/MP 11											Middle Eocene		41.2
		Ypresian				MP 10/MP 8 + 9/MP 7											Early Eocene		47.8
	Paleocene	Thanetian				MP 6	MP 1 - 5										Late Paleocene		56
		Selandian															Middle Paleocene		59.2
		Danian															Early Paleocene		61.6
Cretaceous	Late Cretaceous	Maastrichtian																Lancian/Edmontonian	66
		Campanian																Judithian/Aquilan	72.1
		Santonian																	83.6
		Coniacian																	86.3
		Turonian																	89.8
		Cenomanian																	93.9
	Early Cretaceous	Albian																	100.5
		Aptian																	113
		Barremian																	121.4
		Hauterivian																	125.77
		Valanginian																	132.6
		Berriasian																	139.8
Jurassic	Late Jurassic	Tithonian																	145
		Kimmeridgian																	149.2
		Oxfordian																	154.8
	Middle Jurassic	Callovian																	161.5
		Bathonian																	165.3
		Bajocian																	168.2
		Aalenian																	170.9
	Early Jurassic	Toarcian																	174.7
		Pliensbachian																	184.2
		Sinemurian																	192.9
		Hettangian																	199.5
Triassic	Late Triassic	Rhaetian																	201.4
		Norian																	208.5
		Carnian																	227
	Middle Triassic	Ladinian																	237
	Middle Triassic	Anisian																	242
	Early Triassic	Olenekian																	247.2
	Early Triassic	Induan																	251.2
Permian	Lopingian	Changhsingian																	251.902
		Wuchiapingian		Longtanian †															254.14
		Wuchiapingian		Longtanian †										Tatarian	Vyatkian				256.8 *
	Guadalupian	Capitanian													Severodvinian				259.51
		Wordian													Urzhumian				264.28
		Roadian												Kazanian	Povolzhian				266.9
		Roadian												Kazanian	Sokian				270.7 *
	Cisuralian	Kungurian												Kungurian	Irenian/Ufimian				273.01
															Filipovian				276.5 *
															Saraninian				280.1 *
		Artinskian			Artinskian			Sarginian	283.5
								Irginian	285.9 *
								Burtsevian	287.8 *
		Sakmarian			Sakmarian			Sterlitamakian	290.1
		Sakmarian			Sakmarian			Tastubian	291.7 *
		Asselian			Asselian			Shikhanian	293.52
								Uskalykian	294.8
								Surenian	297.5
Carboniferous	Pennsylvanian	Gzhelian							Mapingian †	298.9
		Kasimovian							Mapingian †	303.7
		Kasimovian								305.9
		Moscovian								307
		Bashkirian								315.2
	Mississippian	Serpukhovian								323.2
		Visean								330.9
		Tournaisian								346.7
Devonian	Late Devonian	Famennian								358.9
	Late Devonian	Frasnian								372.2
	Middle Devonian	Givetian								382.7
	Middle Devonian	Eifelian								387.7
	Early Devonian	Emsian								393.3
		Pragian								407.6
		Lochkovian				410.8
Silurian	Pridoli					Red Downtonian/Temeside Shales/Downton Castle				Whitcliffe/Leintwardine	419.2
	Pridoli		Bringewood/Elton			Red Downtonian/Temeside Shales/Downton Castle	421.3
	Ludlow	Ludfordian	Coalbrookdale			Wenlock (England)/Tickwood	423
		Gorstian					425.6
		Gorstian				Buildwas	426.4 *
	Wenlock	Homerian				Buildwas	427.4
		Homerian	Wych			Woolhope	428.4 *
		Sheinwoodian					430.5
	Llandovery	Telychian					433.4
		Telychian					436.3 *
		Aeronian					438.5
		Aeronian	Cowleigh Park				439.3 *
		Rhuddanian	Cowleigh Park				440.8
Ordovician	Late Ordovician	Hirnantian	Ashgill				Hirnantian				443.8
		Katian					Rawtheyan				445.2
							Cautleyan				448.9 *
							Pusgillian				449.3 *
			Caradoc				Streffordian				Onnian †	449.6 *
							Cheneyan					451.5 *
							Burrellian					452.7 *
		Sandbian										453
											Actonian †	453.2 *
											Marshbrookian †	Woolstonian †	454.2 *
											Longvillian †		455.2 *
							Aurelucian				Longvillian †		456.8 *
							Aurelucian				Soudleyan †/Harnagian/Costonian		457.4 *
	Middle Ordovician	Darriwilian	Llanvirn				Llandeilian/Llandeilo/Late Llandeilo/Middle Llandeilo/Early Llandeilo/Late Llanvirn						458.4
		Darriwilian					Abereiddian/Early Llanvirn						461.3 *
		Dapingian					Abereiddian/Early Llanvirn						467.3
		Dapingian	Arenig				Fennian						468.4 *
	Early Ordovician	Floian					Fennian						470
							Whitlandian						471.1 *
							Moridunian						474.3 *
		Tremadocian	Tremadoc				Migneintian						477.7
			Tremadoc	Cressagian			480.8 *
							485 *
Cambrian	Furongian	Stage 10					Merioneth						Dolgellian/Trempealeauan	485.4
		Stage 10											Festiniogian	489.2 *
		Jiangshanian											Festiniogian	489.5
		Jiangshanian											Maentwrogian	493.1 *
		Paibian											Maentwrogian	494
	Miaolingian	Guzhangian					Series 3 †						St Davids		497
		Drumian													500.5
		Wuliuan													Stage 5 †	504.5
	Series 2	Stage 4													Caerfai	509
	Series 2	Stage 3														514
	Terreneuvian	Stage 2														521
	Terreneuvian	Fortunian														529
																			538.8