PBDB Timescale

Obsolete Names for ICS Units

The interval definitions in this timescale are derived from the following sources:

W. B. Harland, R. L. Armstrong, A. V. Cox, L. E. Craig, A. G. Smith and D. G. Smith. 1990. A Geologic Time Scale 1989. view
K. M. Cohen, S.C. Finney, P.L. Gibbard and J.-X. Fan. 2023. The ICS International Chronostratigraphic Chart v2023/09. view
M. Freudenthal. 2006. Mammal Paleogene zones. personal communication view
F. M. Gradstein, F. P. Agterberg, J. G. Ogg, J. Hardenbol, P. Van Veen, J. Thierry, and Z. Huang. 1995. A Triassic, Jurassic, and Cretaceous time scale. SEPM Special Publication 54 view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, M. D. Schmitz and G. M. Ogg. 2020. Geologic Time Scale 2020 view
J. Palfy, P. L. Smith, and J. K. Mortensen. 2000. A U-Pb and 40Ar/39Ar time scale for the Jurassic. Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences 37(6):923-944 view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, and A. G. Smith. 2004. A Geologic Time Scale 2004 1-589 view
D. H. Erwin and S. A. Bowring. 2004. Cambrian time scale. view
B. D. Webby. 1998. Steps toward a global standard for Ordovician stratigraphy. Newsletters in Stratigraphy 36:1-33 view
M. Kretzoi. 1942. Necroteuthis n. g. (Ceph. Dibr., Necroteuthidae N. F.) aus dem Oligozän von Budapest und das system der Dibranchiata. Földtani Közlöny 72:125-238 view

There are 55 timescales which overlap this one. show

Interval boundaries marked with * have been interpolated based on the differences between the ages for international timescale boundaries quoted in the source and the currently accepted ages for those boundaries.

Interval names marked with † are no longer in current use.

This timescale is used in the definition of 92 collections

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International Chronostratigraphic Timescale			Obsolete Names for ICS Units			Mammal Paleogene Zones		Mesozoic Subages		Obsolete Carboniferous Ages of China	Cambrian Epochs	Cambrian of Siberia			Ordovician of the Baltic		Devonian Subages	Silurian of the Baltic
Neogene	Pliocene	Piacenzian	Tertiary †																2.58
	Pliocene	Zanclean																	3.6
	Miocene	Messinian																	5.333
		Tortonian																	7.246
		Serravallian																	11.63
		Langhian																	13.82
		Burdigalian																	15.98
		Aquitanian																	20.44
Paleogene	Oligocene	Chattian				MP 30/MP 29/MP 28/MP 27/MP 26	MP 25												23.03
	Oligocene	Rupelian				MP 24/MP 23/MP 22/MP 21	MP 25												27.82
	Eocene	Priabonian				MP 20/MP 19/MP 18/MP 17B/MP 17A													33.9
		Bartonian				MP 16													37.71
		Lutetian				MP 15/MP 14/MP 13/MP 12/MP 11													41.2
		Ypresian				MP 10/MP 8 + 9/MP 7													47.8
	Paleocene	Thanetian				MP 6	MP 1 - 5												56
		Selandian																	59.2
		Danian																	61.6
Cretaceous	Late Cretaceous	Maastrichtian						Late Maastrichtian/Early Maastrichtian											66
		Campanian						Late Campanian/Middle Campanian/Early Campanian											72.1
		Santonian						Late Santonian/Middle Santonian/Early Santonian											83.6
		Coniacian						Late Coniacian/Middle Coniacian/Early Coniacian											86.3
		Turonian						Late Turonian/Middle Turonian/Early Turonian											89.8
		Cenomanian						Late Cenomanian/Middle Cenomanian/Early Cenomanian											93.9
	Early Cretaceous	Albian						Late Albian											100.5
								Middle Albian											106.2 *
								Early Albian											109.9 *
		Aptian						Late Aptian											113
		Aptian						Early Aptian											119.5 *
		Barremian						Late Barremian/Early Barremian											121.4
		Hauterivian						Late Hauterivian/Early Hauterivian											125.77
		Valanginian						Late Valanginian/Early Valanginian											132.6
		Berriasian						Late Berriasian											139.8
								Middle Berriasian											140.6 *
								Early Berriasian											142.7 *
Jurassic	Late Jurassic	Tithonian						Late Tithonian	Middle Tithonian										145
		Tithonian						Early Tithonian	Middle Tithonian										146.3 *
		Kimmeridgian						Late Kimmeridgian											149.2
		Kimmeridgian						Early Kimmeridgian											152.2 *
		Oxfordian						Late Oxfordian	Middle Oxfordian/Early Oxfordian										154.8
		Oxfordian							Middle Oxfordian/Early Oxfordian										157.9 *
	Middle Jurassic	Callovian						Late Callovian/Middle Callovian/Early Callovian											161.5
		Bathonian						Late Bathonian/Middle Bathonian/Early Bathonian											165.3
		Bajocian						Late Bajocian											168.2
		Bajocian						Early Bajocian											168.6 *
		Aalenian						Late Aalenian/Middle Aalenian/Early Aalenian											170.9
	Early Jurassic	Toarcian						Late Toarcian											174.7
								Middle Toarcian											180.4 *
								Early Toarcian											182.9 *
		Pliensbachian						Late Pliensbachian/Early Pliensbachian											184.2
		Sinemurian						Late Sinemurian/Early Sinemurian											192.9
		Hettangian						Late Hettangian/Middle Hettangian/Early Hettangian											199.5
Triassic	Late Triassic	Rhaetian																	201.4
		Norian						Sevatian											208.5
								Alaunian											213.2 *
								Lacian											216.7 *
		Carnian						Tuvalian											227
		Carnian						Julian											233.4 *
	Middle Triassic	Ladinian						Longobardian											237
		Ladinian						Fassanian											239.7 *
		Anisian						Illyrian											242
								Pelsonian											243.8 *
								Bithynian											244.7 *
								Aegean											245.5 *
	Early Triassic	Olenekian						Spathian											247.2
		Olenekian		Smithian	248.9 *
		Induan		Dienerian	251.2
		Induan		Griesbachian	251.4 *
Permian	Lopingian	Changhsingian			251.902
	Lopingian	Wuchiapingian			Longtanian †			254.14
	Guadalupian	Capitanian						259.51
		Wordian						264.28
		Roadian						266.9
	Cisuralian	Kungurian						273.01
		Artinskian						283.5
		Sakmarian						290.1
		Asselian						293.52
Carboniferous	Pennsylvanian	Gzhelian						Mapingian †		298.9
		Kasimovian						Mapingian †		303.7
		Kasimovian								305.9
		Moscovian				307
		Bashkirian				315.2
	Mississippian	Serpukhovian	323.2
		Visean	330.9
		Tournaisian	346.7
Devonian	Late Devonian	Famennian	Late Famennian			358.9
			Middle Famennian			365.3 *
			Early Famennian			368.5 *
		Frasnian	Late Frasnian			372.2
			Middle Frasnian			375.4 *
			Early Frasnian			379.3 *
	Middle Devonian	Givetian	Late Givetian			382.7
			Middle Givetian			383.7 *
			Early Givetian			385.9 *
		Eifelian	Late Eifelian			387.7
		Eifelian	Early Eifelian			390.3 *
	Early Devonian	Emsian	Late Emsian			393.3
		Emsian	Early Emsian			398.3 *
		Pragian	Pragian			407.6
		Lochkovian	Late Lochkovian			410.8
			Middle Lochkovian			412.8 *
			Early Lochkovian			415.6 *
Silurian	Pridoli					Ohesaare	419.2
	Pridoli					Kaugetuma	421.7 *
	Ludlow	Ludfordian				Kuressaare	423
		Ludfordian				Paadla	423.4 *
		Gorstian				Paadla	425.6
	Wenlock	Homerian				Rootsikula	427.4
		Homerian				Jaagarahu	429.2 *
		Sheinwoodian				Jaagarahu	430.5
		Sheinwoodian				Jaani	431.8 *
	Llandovery	Telychian				Jaani	433.4
		Telychian				Adavere	434 *
		Aeronian				Adavere	438.5
		Aeronian				Raikkula	439.4 *
		Rhuddanian				Raikkula	440.8
		Rhuddanian				Juuru	441.4 *
Ordovician	Late Ordovician	Hirnantian				Harju	Porkuni			Cincinnatian	Gamachian	443.8
		Katian					Pirgu				Gamachian	445.2
							Pirgu				Richmondian	446 *
							Vormsi				Richmondian	449.6 *
							Vormsi				Maysvillian	Rocklandian †/Shermanian/Ashbyan/Kirkfieldian/Blackriveran/Wildernessian/Trentonian/Franklinian	449.8 *
							Nabala				Maysvillian		Johvi †	450 *
							Nabala				Edenian			450.4 *
						Viru	Rakvere				Edenian			450.6 *
							Rakvere			Mohawkian	Chatfieldian			451.1 *
							Oandu							452 *
		Sandbian					Keila						Idavere †	453
							Keila				Turinian			453.7 *
							Haljala							453.9
							Kukruse							456.4 *
							Kukruse			Whiterockian		Canadian †		Chazyan †/Marmor	457 *
				Uhaku			Aluoja †						457.5 *
	Middle Ordovician	Darriwilian		Uhaku									458.4
				Lasnamagi	458.9 *
				Aseri	460.4 *
				Oeland	Kunda	462.9 *
					Kunda	Valaste †/Hunderum	464.3 *
					Volkhov		Langevoja †/Vaana/Saka						467.1 *
		Dapingian											467.3
											Rangerian		469.1 *
					Billingen						Rangerian		469.3 *
	Early Ordovician	Floian								Ibexian	Blackhillsian		Jeffersonian †	Cassinian †	470
						Latorp †		470.1 *
					Hunneberg			473.7 *
								Tulean			473.9 *
		Tremadocian						Tulean			477.7
								Stairsian			480.3 *
					Varangu			Stairsian			481.3 *
					Varangu			Skullrockian			Demingian †			482 *
					Pakerort									482.2 *
														Mansian †	483.55 *
Cambrian	Furongian	Stage 10				Late Cambrian					Batyrbaian	Tavgian †	Ketyan †/Yurakian			485.4
																486.3 *
																486.5
																487.5
		Jiangshanian														489.5
											Aksaian					490.7 *
											Sakian					492.2 *
		Paibian														494
		Paibian											Ensyan †/Maduan/Nganasanian			494.7 *
	Miaolingian	Guzhangian				Series 3 †					Middle Cambrian	Ayusokkanian					497
		Guzhangian										Mayan/Menevian					499.5
		Drumian										Mayan/Menevian					500.5
		Wuliuan										Stage 5 †					Amgan/Solvan	504.5
	Series 2	Stage 4										Early Cambrian					Amgan/Solvan	509
			Toyonian										Lenian †				510 *
			Botomian														512.5 *
		Stage 3	Botomian														514
		Stage 3	Atdabanian														515.6 *
	Terreneuvian	Stage 2	Tommotian														521
		Stage 2	Nemakit-Daldynian														525.5
		Fortunian	Nemakit-Daldynian										Manykaian †				529
																			538.8