PBDB Timescale

Obsolete Names for ICS Units

The interval definitions in this timescale are derived from the following sources:

W. B. Harland, R. L. Armstrong, A. V. Cox, L. E. Craig, A. G. Smith and D. G. Smith. 1990. A Geologic Time Scale 1989. view
K. M. Cohen, S.C. Finney, P.L. Gibbard and J.-X. Fan. 2023. The ICS International Chronostratigraphic Chart v2023/09. view
F. F. Steininger, W. A. Berggren, D. V. Kent, R. L. Bernor, S. Sen and J. Agusti. 1996. Circum-Mediterranean Neogene (Miocene and Pliocene) marine-continental chronologic correlations of European mammal units. The Evolution of Western Eurasian Neogene Mammal Faunas (eds. R. L. Bernor, V. Fahlbusch, and H.-W. Mittmann) view
A. D. Barnosky, M. Holmes, R. Kirchholtes, E. Lindsey, K.C. Maguire, A.W. Poust, M.A. Stegner, J. Sunseri, B. Swartz, J. Swift, N.A. Villavicencio and G. Wogan. 2014. Prelude to the Anthropocene: Two new North American Land Mammal Ages (NALMAs). The Anthropocene Review I(3):225-242 view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, M. D. Schmitz and G. M. Ogg. 2020. Geologic Time Scale 2020 view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, and A. G. Smith. 2004. A Geologic Time Scale 2004 1-589 view
M. Kretzoi. 1942. Necroteuthis n. g. (Ceph. Dibr., Necroteuthidae N. F.) aus dem Oligozän von Budapest und das system der Dibranchiata. Földtani Közlöny 72:125-238 view

There are 55 timescales which overlap this one. show

Interval boundaries marked with * have been interpolated based on the differences between the ages for international timescale boundaries quoted in the source and the currently accepted ages for those boundaries.

Interval names marked with † are no longer in current use.

This timescale is used in the definition of 92 collections

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International Chronostratigraphic Timescale			Obsolete Names for ICS Units			European Faunal Zones	North American Land Mammal Ages	Permian of the Pamirs	Carboniferous Subepochs	Cambrian Epochs	Ordovician of North America
Quaternary	Holocene	Meghalayan					Saintaugustinean								0
		Meghalayan					Santarosean								0.0004
		Northgrippian													0.0042
		Greenlandian													0.0082
	Pleistocene	Late Pleistocene													0.0117
		Late Pleistocene					Rancholabrean								0.014
		Chibanian					Rancholabrean								0.129
		Chibanian					Irvingtonian								0.21
		Calabrian					Irvingtonian								0.774
		Calabrian					Blancan								1.4
		Gelasian				MN 17									1.8
Neogene	Pliocene	Piacenzian	Tertiary †			MN 16									2.58
		Piacenzian				MN 15									3.2
		Zanclean				MN 15									3.6
						MN 14									4.2
						MN 14	Hemphillian								4.7
						MN 13									4.9
	Miocene	Messinian				MN 13									5.333
		Tortonian				MN 12									7.246
						MN 11									7.75
						MN 10									8.7
						MN 10	Clarendonian								9.4
						MN 9									9.7
						MN 7 + 8									11.1
		Serravallian													11.63
							Barstovian								12.5
						MN 6									12.8 *
		Langhian				MN 5									13.82
		Burdigalian				MN 4									15.98
						MN 4	Hemingfordian								16.3
						MN 3	Hemingfordian								16.9
						MN 3	Arikareean								18.5
						MN 2									20
		Aquitanian				MN 2									20.44
		Aquitanian				MN 1									22.4
Paleogene	Oligocene	Chattian													23.03
		Rupelian													27.82
							Whitneyan								29.5
							Orellan								31.8
	Eocene	Priabonian					Chadronian								33.9
		Priabonian					Duchesnean								37
		Bartonian					Duchesnean								37.71
		Bartonian					Uintan								39.7
		Lutetian					Uintan								41.2
		Lutetian					Bridgerian								46.2
		Ypresian					Bridgerian								47.8
							Wasatchian								50.5
							Clarkforkian								54.9
	Paleocene	Thanetian					Clarkforkian								56
		Thanetian					Tiffanian								56.2
		Selandian					Tiffanian								59.2
		Selandian					Torrejonian								60.9
		Danian					Torrejonian								61.6
		Danian					Puercan								63.8
Cretaceous	Late Cretaceous	Maastrichtian													66
		Campanian													72.1
		Santonian													83.6
		Coniacian													86.3
		Turonian													89.8
		Cenomanian													93.9
	Early Cretaceous	Albian													100.5
		Aptian													113
		Barremian													121.4
		Hauterivian													125.77
		Valanginian		132.6
		Berriasian		139.8
Jurassic	Late Jurassic	Tithonian		145
		Kimmeridgian		149.2
		Oxfordian		154.8
	Middle Jurassic	Callovian		161.5
		Bathonian		165.3
		Bajocian		168.2
		Aalenian		170.9
	Early Jurassic	Toarcian		174.7
		Pliensbachian		184.2
		Sinemurian		192.9
		Hettangian		199.5
Triassic	Late Triassic	Rhaetian		201.4
		Norian		208.5
		Carnian		227
	Middle Triassic	Ladinian		237
	Middle Triassic	Anisian		242
	Early Triassic	Olenekian		247.2
	Early Triassic	Induan		251.2
Permian	Lopingian	Changhsingian		Dorashamian	251.902
	Lopingian	Wuchiapingian		Longtanian †	Dzhulfian			254.14
	Guadalupian	Capitanian			Midian			259.51
		Wordian			Midian			264.28
		Wordian			Murgabian			266.2 *
		Roadian			Murgabian			266.9
	Cisuralian	Kungurian			Kubergandian			273.01
		Kungurian			Bolorian			279.8
		Artinskian			Bolorian			283.5
		Artinskian			Yakhtashian			286
		Sakmarian			Sakmarian			290.1
		Asselian			Asselian			293.52
Carboniferous	Pennsylvanian	Gzhelian						Late Pennsylvanian	Mapingian †	298.9
		Kasimovian							Mapingian †	303.7
		Kasimovian								305.9
		Moscovian				Middle Pennsylvanian		307
		Bashkirian				Early Pennsylvanian		315.2
	Mississippian	Serpukhovian				Late Mississippian		323.2
		Visean				Middle Mississippian		330.9
		Tournaisian				Early Mississippian		346.7
Devonian	Late Devonian	Famennian						358.9
	Late Devonian	Frasnian						372.2
	Middle Devonian	Givetian						382.7
	Middle Devonian	Eifelian						387.7
	Early Devonian	Emsian						393.3
		Pragian						407.6
		Lochkovian						410.8
Silurian	Pridoli							419.2
	Ludlow	Ludfordian						423
	Ludlow	Gorstian						425.6
	Wenlock	Homerian						427.4
	Wenlock	Sheinwoodian						430.5
	Llandovery	Telychian						433.4
		Aeronian						438.5
		Rhuddanian	440.8
Ordovician	Late Ordovician	Hirnantian	Cincinnatian				Gamachian	443.8
		Katian					Gamachian	445.2
							Richmondian	446 *
							Maysvillian	Rocklandian †/Shermanian/Ashbyan/Kirkfieldian/Blackriveran/Wildernessian/Trentonian/Franklinian		449.8 *
							Edenian			450.4 *
			Mohawkian				Chatfieldian			451.1 *
		Sandbian					Chatfieldian			453
							Turinian			453.7 *
			Whiterockian					Canadian †		Chazyan †/Marmor	457 *
	Middle Ordovician	Darriwilian									458.4
		Dapingian									467.3
		Dapingian					Rangerian				469.1 *
	Early Ordovician	Floian	Ibexian				Blackhillsian			Jeffersonian †	Cassinian †	470
		Floian					Tulean					473.9 *
		Tremadocian					Tulean					477.7
							Stairsian					480.3 *
							Skullrockian				Demingian †	482 *
Cambrian	Furongian	Stage 10					Skullrockian	Late Cambrian					485.4
		Stage 10											487.5
		Jiangshanian											489.5
		Paibian											494
	Miaolingian	Guzhangian						Series 3 †					Middle Cambrian	497
		Drumian												500.5
		Wuliuan		Stage 5 †										504.5
	Series 2	Stage 4											Early Cambrian	509
	Series 2	Stage 3												514
	Terreneuvian	Stage 2												521
	Terreneuvian	Fortunian												529
															538.8