PBDB Timescale

Obsolete Names for ICS Units

The interval definitions in this timescale are derived from the following sources:

W. B. Harland, R. L. Armstrong, A. V. Cox, L. E. Craig, A. G. Smith and D. G. Smith. 1990. A Geologic Time Scale 1989. view
K. M. Cohen, S.C. Finney, P.L. Gibbard and J.-X. Fan. 2023. The ICS International Chronostratigraphic Chart v2023/09. view
F. F. Steininger, W. A. Berggren, D. V. Kent, R. L. Bernor, S. Sen and J. Agusti. 1996. Circum-Mediterranean Neogene (Miocene and Pliocene) marine-continental chronologic correlations of European mammal units. The Evolution of Western Eurasian Neogene Mammal Faunas (eds. R. L. Bernor, V. Fahlbusch, and H.-W. Mittmann) view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, M. D. Schmitz and G. M. Ogg. 2020. Geologic Time Scale 2020 view
B. D. Webby. 1998. Steps toward a global standard for Ordovician stratigraphy. Newsletters in Stratigraphy 36:1-33 view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, and A. G. Smith. 2004. A Geologic Time Scale 2004 1-589 view
J. I. Raine, A. G. Beu, A. F. Boyes, H. J. Campbell, R. A. Cooper, J. S. Crampton, M. P. Crundwell, C. J. Hollis, and H. E. G. Morgans. 2015. Revised Calibration of the New Zealand Geological Timescale: NZGT2015/1. GNS Science Report 2012(39) view

There are 55 timescales which overlap this one. show

Interval boundaries marked with * have been interpolated based on the differences between the ages for international timescale boundaries quoted in the source and the currently accepted ages for those boundaries.

Interval names marked with † are no longer in current use.

This timescale is used in the definition of 92 collections

Show more time

Show linear time

International Chronostratigraphic Timescale			Obsolete Names for ICS Units			European Faunal Zones	Ordovician of China			Silurian of England		Carboniferous of North America	Permian of the Pamirs	Cretaceous-Cenozoic of New Zealand
Quaternary	Holocene	Meghalayan												Wanganui	Haweran	0
		Northgrippian														0.0042
		Greenlandian														0.0082
	Pleistocene	Late Pleistocene														0.0117
		Chibanian														0.129
		Chibanian													Castlecliffian	0.34
		Calabrian													Castlecliffian	0.774
		Calabrian													Nukumaruan	1.63
		Gelasian				MN 17									Nukumaruan	1.8
		Gelasian				MN 17									Mangapanian	2.4
Neogene	Pliocene	Piacenzian	Tertiary †			MN 16									Mangapanian	2.58
						MN 16									Waipipian	3
						MN 15										3.2
		Zanclean														3.6
															Opoitian	3.7
						MN 14										4.2
						MN 13										4.9
	Miocene	Messinian												Taranaki	Kapitean	5.333
		Messinian													Tongaporutuan	7.2
		Tortonian				MN 12										7.246
						MN 11										7.75
						MN 10										8.7
						MN 9										9.7
						MN 9								Southland	Waiauan	11.04
						MN 7 + 8										11.1
		Serravallian				MN 7 + 8										11.63
						MN 6										12.8 *
						MN 6									Lillburnian	13.05
		Langhian				MN 5									Lillburnian	13.82
															Clifdenian	15.1
														Pareora	Altonian	15.9
		Burdigalian				MN 4										15.98
						MN 3										16.9
						MN 3									Otaian	18.7
						MN 2										20
		Aquitanian														20.44
														Landon	Waitakian	21.7
						MN 1										22.4
Paleogene	Oligocene	Chattian														23.03
															Duntroonian	25.2
															Whaingaroan	27.3
		Rupelian														27.82
	Eocene	Priabonian														33.9
														Arnold	Runangan	34.6
															Kaiatan	36.7
		Bartonian													Kaiatan	37.71
		Bartonian													Bortonian	39.1
		Lutetian													Bortonian	41.2
														Dannevirke	Porangan	42.6
															Heretaungan	45.7
		Ypresian													Heretaungan	47.8
															Mangaorapan	48.9
															Waipawan	52
	Paleocene	Thanetian													Teurian	56
		Selandian														59.2
		Danian														61.6
Cretaceous	Late Cretaceous	Maastrichtian												Mata	Haumurian	66
		Campanian													Haumurian	72.1
		Santonian													Piripauan	83.6
		Santonian												Raukumara	Teratan	86.1
		Coniacian														86.3
		Turonian														89.8
															Mangaotanean	90.5
															Arowhanan	93.7
		Cenomanian		93.9											Arowhanan
				Clarence	Ngaterian		95.2
					Motuan		99.5
	Early Cretaceous	Albian			Motuan		100.5
					Urutawan		103.3
				Taitai	Korangan		108.4
		Aptian			Korangan		113
		Aptian					117.5
		Barremian					121.4
		Hauterivian					125.77
		Valanginian					132.6
		Berriasian					139.8
Jurassic	Late Jurassic	Tithonian					145
		Kimmeridgian					149.2
		Oxfordian					154.8
	Middle Jurassic	Callovian					161.5
		Bathonian					165.3
		Bajocian					168.2
		Aalenian					170.9
	Early Jurassic	Toarcian					174.7
		Pliensbachian					184.2
		Sinemurian					192.9
		Hettangian					199.5
Triassic	Late Triassic	Rhaetian					201.4
		Norian					208.5
		Carnian					227
	Middle Triassic	Ladinian					237
	Middle Triassic	Anisian					242
	Early Triassic	Olenekian					247.2
	Early Triassic	Induan					251.2
Permian	Lopingian	Changhsingian					Dorashamian	Meishanian	251.902
		Changhsingian					Dorashamian	Baoqingian	253.4 *
		Wuchiapingian					Longtanian †	Dzhulfian	Laoshanian	254.14
		Wuchiapingian					Longtanian †	Dzhulfian	Laibinian	257.7 *
	Guadalupian	Capitanian						Midian	Lengwuan	259.51
		Wordian						Midian	Kuhfengian	264.28
		Wordian						Murgabian		266.2 *
		Roadian						Murgabian		266.9
	Cisuralian	Kungurian				Kubergandian		Luodianian	273.01
		Kungurian				Bolorian			279.8
		Artinskian							283.5
								Longlinian	285.4 *
						Yakhtashian			286
		Sakmarian				Sakmarian			290.1
		Asselian				Bursumian †		Asselian	Zisongian	293.52
Carboniferous	Pennsylvanian	Gzhelian				Virgilian			Zisongian	298.9
		Gzhelian				Virgilian				300.1
		Kasimovian				Missourian				303.7
		Kasimovian				Desmoinesian				305.9 *
		Moscovian				Desmoinesian				307
		Moscovian				Atokan				312.7 *
		Bashkirian				Atokan				315.2
		Bashkirian				Morrowan				318.4 *
	Mississippian	Serpukhovian				Chesterian				323.2
		Visean				Chesterian				330.9
						Meramecian				335.8 *
			Osagean			343.1 *
		Tournaisian	Osagean			346.7
		Tournaisian	Kinderhookian			351.9 *
Devonian	Late Devonian	Famennian				358.9
	Late Devonian	Frasnian				372.2
	Middle Devonian	Givetian				382.7
	Middle Devonian	Eifelian				387.7
	Early Devonian	Emsian				393.3
		Pragian				407.6
		Lochkovian				410.8
Silurian	Pridoli					Red Downtonian/Temeside Shales/Downton Castle				Whitcliffe/Leintwardine	419.2
	Pridoli					Red Downtonian/Temeside Shales/Downton Castle				Bringewood/Elton	421.3
	Ludlow	Ludfordian				Coalbrookdale				Wenlock (England)/Tickwood	423
		Gorstian									425.6
		Gorstian								Buildwas	426.4 *
	Wenlock	Homerian			427.4					Buildwas
		Homerian			Wych	Woolhope				428.4 *
		Sheinwoodian								430.5
	Llandovery	Telychian								433.4
		Telychian								436.3 *
		Aeronian		438.5
		Aeronian		Cowleigh Park	439.3 *
		Rhuddanian		Cowleigh Park	440.8
Ordovician	Late Ordovician	Hirnantian		Hirnantian	Xiaoxita †/Shikou					Wufeng †		443.8
		Katian		Chientangkiangian						Wufeng †		445.2
		Katian		Neichianshanian/Hanjiang								449.5
		Sandbian		Neichianshanian/Hanjiang								453
	Middle Ordovician	Darriwilian		Darriwilian	Guniu †/Hulo							458.4
		Darriwilian		Darriwilian	Hunjiang †					Dawan †/Daobaowan/Ningkuo		466.3 *
		Dapingian		Dapingian								467.3
	Early Ordovician	Floian		Yiyangian								470
		Tremadocian		Xinchangian								477.7
		Tremadocian		Xinchangian						Lianghekou †		477.9 *
Cambrian	Furongian	Stage 10										485.4
		Jiangshanian										489.5
		Paibian										494
	Miaolingian	Guzhangian										Series 3 †	497
		Drumian											500.5
		Wuliuan					Stage 5 †						504.5
																509