PBDB Timescale

Obsolete Names for ICS Units

The interval definitions in this timescale are derived from the following sources:

W. B. Harland, R. L. Armstrong, A. V. Cox, L. E. Craig, A. G. Smith and D. G. Smith. 1990. A Geologic Time Scale 1989. view
K. M. Cohen, S.C. Finney, P.L. Gibbard and J.-X. Fan. 2023. The ICS International Chronostratigraphic Chart v2023/09. view
F. F. Steininger, W. A. Berggren, D. V. Kent, R. L. Bernor, S. Sen and J. Agusti. 1996. Circum-Mediterranean Neogene (Miocene and Pliocene) marine-continental chronologic correlations of European mammal units. The Evolution of Western Eurasian Neogene Mammal Faunas (eds. R. L. Bernor, V. Fahlbusch, and H.-W. Mittmann) view
M. O. Woodburne. 1987. A prospectus of the North American Mammal Ages. In: Woodburne, M. O. (ed.), Cenozoic Mammals of North America. University of California Press, Berkelery, CA 285-290 view
J. Alroy. 2000. New methods for quantifying macroevolutionary patterns and processes. Paleobiology 26(4):707-733 view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, and A. G. Smith. 2004. A Geologic Time Scale 2004 1-589 view

There are 55 timescales which overlap this one. show

Interval boundaries marked with * have been interpolated based on the differences between the ages for international timescale boundaries quoted in the source and the currently accepted ages for those boundaries.

Interval names marked with † are no longer in current use.

This timescale is used in the definition of 92 collections

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International Chronostratigraphic Timescale			Obsolete Names for ICS Units			European Faunal Zones	Devonian of France	North American Mammal Subages/Zones			Cretaceous Subepochs	Cenozoic Subepochs
Quaternary	Pleistocene	Late Pleistocene						Sheridanian				Late Pleistocene	0.0117
		Chibanian						Sheridanian				Middle Pleistocene	0.129
		Chibanian						Cudahyan/Sappan				Middle Pleistocene	0.21
		Calabrian						Cudahyan/Sappan				Early Pleistocene	0.774
		Calabrian						Senecan/Rexroadian					1.4
		Gelasian				MN 17							1.8
Neogene	Pliocene	Piacenzian	Tertiary †			MN 16						Late Pliocene	2.58
		Piacenzian				MN 15						Late Pliocene	3.2
		Zanclean				MN 15						Early Pliocene	3.6
						MN 14							4.2
						MN 14		Late Hemphillian/late Early Hemphillian/early Early Hemphillian					4.7
						MN 13							4.9
	Miocene	Messinian				MN 13						Late Miocene	5.333
		Tortonian				MN 12							7.246
						MN 11							7.75
						MN 10							8.7
						MN 10		Late Clarendonian/Early Clarendonian					9.4
						MN 9							9.7
						MN 7 + 8							11.1
		Serravallian										Middle Miocene	11.63
								late Late Barstovian/early Late Barstovian/Early Barstovian					12.5
						MN 6							12.8 *
		Langhian				MN 5							13.82
		Burdigalian				MN 4						Early Miocene	15.98
						MN 4		Late Hemingfordian/Early Hemingfordian					16.3
						MN 3		Late Hemingfordian/Early Hemingfordian					16.9
						MN 3		late Late Arikareean/early Late Arikareean/late Early Arikareean/early Early Arikareean	Harrisonian				18.5
						MN 2							20
		Aquitanian				MN 2							20.44
		Aquitanian				MN 1							22.4
Paleogene	Oligocene	Chattian										Late Oligocene	23.03
									Monroecreekian				23.1 *
									Geringian				24.7 *
		Rupelian							Geringian			Early Oligocene	27.82
		Rupelian										Early Oligocene	29.5
	Eocene	Priabonian						Late Chadronian/Middle Chadronian/Early Chadronian				Late Eocene	33.9
		Priabonian										Late Eocene	37
		Bartonian										Middle Eocene	37.71
		Bartonian						Late Uintan/Early Uintan					39.7
		Lutetian						Late Uintan/Early Uintan					41.2
		Lutetian						Twinbuttean/Blacksforkian/Gardnerbuttian					46.2
		Ypresian						Twinbuttean/Blacksforkian/Gardnerbuttian				Early Eocene	47.8
								Lostcabinian/Lysitean/Graybullian/Sandcouleean					50.5
										Cf3/Cf2/Cf1			54.9
	Paleocene	Thanetian								Cf3/Cf2/Cf1		Late Paleocene	56
		Thanetian								Ti6/Ti5/Ti4/Ti3/Ti2/Ti1		Late Paleocene	56.2
		Selandian								Ti6/Ti5/Ti4/Ti3/Ti2/Ti1		Middle Paleocene	59.2
		Selandian								To3/To2/To1		Middle Paleocene	60.9
		Danian								To3/To2/To1		Early Paleocene	61.6
		Danian								Pu3/Pu2/Pu1		Early Paleocene	63.8
Cretaceous	Late Cretaceous	Maastrichtian									Senonian		66
		Campanian											72.1
		Santonian											83.6
		Coniacian											86.3
		Turonian											89.8
		Cenomanian											93.9
	Early Cretaceous	Albian									Gallic		100.5
		Aptian											113
		Barremian											121.4
		Hauterivian									Neocomian		125.77
		Valanginian											132.6
		Berriasian											139.8
Jurassic	Late Jurassic	Tithonian											145
		Kimmeridgian											149.2
		Oxfordian		154.8
	Middle Jurassic	Callovian		161.5
		Bathonian		165.3
		Bajocian		168.2
		Aalenian		170.9
	Early Jurassic	Toarcian		174.7
		Pliensbachian		184.2
		Sinemurian		192.9
		Hettangian		199.5
Triassic	Late Triassic	Rhaetian		201.4
		Norian		208.5
		Carnian		227
	Middle Triassic	Ladinian		237
	Middle Triassic	Anisian		242
	Early Triassic	Olenekian		247.2
	Early Triassic	Induan		251.2
Permian	Lopingian	Changhsingian		251.902
	Lopingian	Wuchiapingian		Longtanian †	254.14
	Guadalupian	Capitanian			259.51
		Wordian			264.28
		Roadian			266.9
	Cisuralian	Kungurian			273.01
		Artinskian			283.5
		Sakmarian			290.1
		Asselian			293.52
Carboniferous	Pennsylvanian	Gzhelian			298.9
		Kasimovian			303.7
		Moscovian			307
		Bashkirian			315.2
	Mississippian	Serpukhovian			323.2
		Visean			330.9
		Tournaisian			346.7
Devonian	Late Devonian	Famennian			Famennian	358.9
	Late Devonian	Frasnian			Frasnian	372.2
	Middle Devonian	Givetian			Givetian	382.7
	Middle Devonian	Eifelian			Couvinien	387.7
	Early Devonian	Emsian				393.3
		Pragian				407.6
		Pragian			Coblencien	408.2 *
		Lochkovian			Gedinnine	410.8
Silurian	Pridoli					419.2
	Ludlow	Ludfordian				423
	Ludlow	Gorstian				425.6
	Wenlock	Homerian				427.4
	Wenlock	Sheinwoodian				430.5
	Llandovery	Telychian				433.4
		Aeronian				438.5
		Rhuddanian				440.8
Ordovician	Late Ordovician	Hirnantian				443.8
		Katian				445.2
		Sandbian	453
	Middle Ordovician	Darriwilian	458.4
	Middle Ordovician	Dapingian	467.3
	Early Ordovician	Floian	470
	Early Ordovician	Tremadocian	477.7
Cambrian	Furongian	Stage 10	Late Cambrian			485.4
		Jiangshanian				489.5
		Paibian				494
	Miaolingian	Guzhangian	Series 3 †			Middle Cambrian	497
		Drumian					500.5
		Wuliuan		Stage 5 †			504.5
	Series 2	Stage 4				Early Cambrian	509
	Series 2	Stage 3					514
	Terreneuvian	Stage 2					521
	Terreneuvian	Fortunian					529
													538.8