PBDB Timescale

Obsolete Names for ICS Units

The interval definitions in this timescale are derived from the following sources:

W. B. Harland, R. L. Armstrong, A. V. Cox, L. E. Craig, A. G. Smith and D. G. Smith. 1990. A Geologic Time Scale 1989. view
K. M. Cohen, S.C. Finney, P.L. Gibbard and J.-X. Fan. 2023. The ICS International Chronostratigraphic Chart v2023/09. view
F. F. Steininger, W. A. Berggren, D. V. Kent, R. L. Bernor, S. Sen and J. Agusti. 1996. Circum-Mediterranean Neogene (Miocene and Pliocene) marine-continental chronologic correlations of European mammal units. The Evolution of Western Eurasian Neogene Mammal Faunas (eds. R. L. Bernor, V. Fahlbusch, and H.-W. Mittmann) view
J. A. Lillegraven and M. C. McKenna. 1986. Fossil mammals from the "Mesaverde" Formation (Late Cretaceous, Judithian) of the Bighorn and Wind River basins, Wyoming, with definitions of Late Cretaceous North American Land-Mammal "Ages". American Museum Novitates 2840:1-68 view
J. I. Raine, A. G. Beu, A. F. Boyes, H. J. Campbell, R. A. Cooper, J. S. Crampton, M. P. Crundwell, C. J. Hollis, and H. E. G. Morgans. 2015. Revised Calibration of the New Zealand Geological Timescale: NZGT2015/1. GNS Science Report 2012(39) view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, and A. G. Smith. 2004. A Geologic Time Scale 2004 1-589 view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, M. D. Schmitz and G. M. Ogg. 2020. Geologic Time Scale 2020 view
B. D. Webby. 1998. Steps toward a global standard for Ordovician stratigraphy. Newsletters in Stratigraphy 36:1-33 view

There are 55 timescales which overlap this one. show

Interval boundaries marked with * have been interpolated based on the differences between the ages for international timescale boundaries quoted in the source and the currently accepted ages for those boundaries.

Interval names marked with † are no longer in current use.

This timescale is used in the definition of 92 collections

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International Chronostratigraphic Timescale			Obsolete Names for ICS Units			European Faunal Zones	Cretaceous North American Land-Mammal Ages	Cretaceous-Cenozoic of New Zealand		Carboniferous Subepochs	Cambrian of China
Quaternary	Holocene	Meghalayan						Wanganui	Haweran				0
		Northgrippian											0.0042
		Greenlandian											0.0082
	Pleistocene	Late Pleistocene											0.0117
		Chibanian											0.129
		Chibanian							Castlecliffian				0.34
		Calabrian							Castlecliffian				0.774
		Calabrian							Nukumaruan				1.63
		Gelasian				MN 17			Nukumaruan				1.8
		Gelasian				MN 17			Mangapanian				2.4
Neogene	Pliocene	Piacenzian	Tertiary †			MN 16			Mangapanian				2.58
						MN 16			Waipipian				3
						MN 15							3.2
		Zanclean											3.6
									Opoitian				3.7
						MN 14							4.2
						MN 13							4.9
	Miocene	Messinian						Taranaki	Kapitean				5.333
		Messinian							Tongaporutuan				7.2
		Tortonian				MN 12							7.246
						MN 11							7.75
						MN 10							8.7
						MN 9							9.7
						MN 9		Southland	Waiauan				11.04
						MN 7 + 8							11.1
		Serravallian				MN 7 + 8							11.63
						MN 6							12.8 *
						MN 6			Lillburnian				13.05
		Langhian				MN 5			Lillburnian				13.82
									Clifdenian				15.1
								Pareora	Altonian				15.9
		Burdigalian				MN 4							15.98
						MN 3							16.9
						MN 3			Otaian				18.7
						MN 2							20
		Aquitanian											20.44
								Landon	Waitakian				21.7
						MN 1							22.4
Paleogene	Oligocene	Chattian											23.03
									Duntroonian				25.2
									Whaingaroan				27.3
		Rupelian											27.82
	Eocene	Priabonian											33.9
								Arnold	Runangan				34.6
									Kaiatan				36.7
		Bartonian							Kaiatan				37.71
		Bartonian							Bortonian				39.1
		Lutetian							Bortonian				41.2
								Dannevirke	Porangan				42.6
									Heretaungan				45.7
		Ypresian							Heretaungan				47.8
									Mangaorapan				48.9
									Waipawan				52
	Paleocene	Thanetian							Teurian				56
		Selandian											59.2
		Danian											61.6
Cretaceous	Late Cretaceous	Maastrichtian					Lancian/Edmontonian	Mata	Haumurian				66
		Campanian					Judithian/Aquilan		Haumurian				72.1
		Santonian							Piripauan				83.6
		Santonian						Raukumara	Teratan				86.1
		Coniacian											86.3
		Turonian											89.8
									Mangaotanean				90.5
									Arowhanan				93.7
		Cenomanian		93.9					Arowhanan
				Clarence	Ngaterian			95.2
					Motuan			99.5
	Early Cretaceous	Albian			Motuan			100.5
					Urutawan			103.3
				Taitai	Korangan			108.4
		Aptian			Korangan			113
		Aptian						117.5
		Barremian						121.4
		Hauterivian						125.77
		Valanginian						132.6
		Berriasian						139.8
Jurassic	Late Jurassic	Tithonian						145
		Kimmeridgian						149.2
		Oxfordian						154.8
	Middle Jurassic	Callovian						161.5
		Bathonian						165.3
		Bajocian						168.2
		Aalenian						170.9
	Early Jurassic	Toarcian						174.7
		Pliensbachian						184.2
		Sinemurian						192.9
		Hettangian						199.5
Triassic	Late Triassic	Rhaetian						201.4
		Norian						208.5
		Carnian						227
	Middle Triassic	Ladinian						237
	Middle Triassic	Anisian						242
	Early Triassic	Olenekian						247.2
	Early Triassic	Induan						251.2
Permian	Lopingian	Changhsingian						251.902
	Lopingian	Wuchiapingian						Longtanian †	254.14
	Guadalupian	Capitanian							259.51
		Wordian							264.28
		Roadian							266.9
	Cisuralian	Kungurian							273.01
		Artinskian							283.5
		Sakmarian							290.1
		Asselian				293.52
Carboniferous	Pennsylvanian	Gzhelian				Late Pennsylvanian			298.9
		Kasimovian				Late Pennsylvanian			303.7
		Moscovian				Middle Pennsylvanian			307
		Bashkirian				Early Pennsylvanian			315.2
	Mississippian	Serpukhovian				Late Mississippian			323.2
		Visean				Middle Mississippian			330.9
		Tournaisian				Early Mississippian			346.7
Devonian	Late Devonian	Famennian							358.9
	Late Devonian	Frasnian							372.2
	Middle Devonian	Givetian							382.7
	Middle Devonian	Eifelian							387.7
	Early Devonian	Emsian							393.3
		Pragian							407.6
		Lochkovian							410.8
Silurian	Pridoli								419.2
	Ludlow	Ludfordian							423
	Ludlow	Gorstian							425.6
	Wenlock	Homerian	427.4
	Wenlock	Sheinwoodian	430.5
	Llandovery	Telychian	433.4
		Aeronian	438.5
		Rhuddanian	440.8
Ordovician	Late Ordovician	Hirnantian	Harju				Porkuni		443.8
		Katian					Pirgu		445.2
							Vormsi		449.6 *
							Nabala		Johvi †	450 *
			Viru				Rakvere			450.6 *
							Oandu			452 *
		Sandbian					Keila		Idavere †	453
							Haljala			453.9
							Kukruse			456.4 *
							Uhaku		Aluoja †	457.5 *
	Middle Ordovician	Darriwilian			458.4		Uhaku
					Lasnamagi		458.9 *
					Aseri		460.4 *
			Oeland		Kunda		462.9 *
					Kunda		Valaste †/Hunderum		464.3 *
				Volkhov	Langevoja †/Vaana/Saka				467.1 *
		Dapingian		Volkhov					467.3
		Dapingian		Billingen					469.3 *
	Early Ordovician	Floian							470
					Latorp †				470.1 *
				Hunneberg					473.7 *
		Tremadocian		Hunneberg					Ungurian	477.7
				Varangu						481.3 *
				Pakerort						482.2 *
Cambrian	Furongian	Stage 10		Pakerort	Batyrbaian				Niuchehean	Taoyuanian †	485.4
											486.3 *
											486.5
		Jiangshanian							Jiangshanian		489.5
					Aksaian						490.7 *
					Sakian						492.2 *
		Paibian							Paibian		494
		Paibian							Paibian	Waergangian †/Youshuanian	494.9 *
	Miaolingian	Guzhangian			Series 3 †				Ayusokkanian	Guzhangian	Wangcunian †	497
		Guzhangian								Guzhangian		499.5
		Drumian							Zhanaarykian	Drumian		500.5
		Drumian						Tuesaian	503	Drumian
		Wuliuan						Tuesaian	Stage 5 †	Wuliuan/Taijangian		504.5
		Wuliuan							Stage 5 †	Wuliuan/Taijangian		505.3
	Series 2	Stage 4								Duyunian		509
								Toyonian				510 *
								Botomian				512.5 *
		Stage 3						Botomian		Nangaoian		514
		Stage 3						Atdabanian		Nangaoian		515.6 *
	Terreneuvian	Stage 2						Tommotian		Meishucunian		521
		Stage 2										525.5
		Fortunian										529
		Fortunian								Jinnigian		530.7
													538.8