PBDB Timescale

Obsolete Names for ICS Units

The interval definitions in this timescale are derived from the following sources:

W. B. Harland, R. L. Armstrong, A. V. Cox, L. E. Craig, A. G. Smith and D. G. Smith. 1990. A Geologic Time Scale 1989. view
K. M. Cohen, S.C. Finney, P.L. Gibbard and J.-X. Fan. 2023. The ICS International Chronostratigraphic Chart v2023/09. view
F. F. Steininger, W. A. Berggren, D. V. Kent, R. L. Bernor, S. Sen and J. Agusti. 1996. Circum-Mediterranean Neogene (Miocene and Pliocene) marine-continental chronologic correlations of European mammal units. The Evolution of Western Eurasian Neogene Mammal Faunas (eds. R. L. Bernor, V. Fahlbusch, and H.-W. Mittmann) view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, and A. G. Smith. 2004. A Geologic Time Scale 2004 1-589 view
J. Meng and M. C. McKenna. 1998. Faunal turnovers of Paleogene mammals from the Mongolian Plateau. Nature 394:364-367 view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, M. D. Schmitz and G. M. Ogg. 2020. Geologic Time Scale 2020 view
D. H. Erwin and S. A. Bowring. 2004. Cambrian time scale. view
B. D. Webby. 1998. Steps toward a global standard for Ordovician stratigraphy. Newsletters in Stratigraphy 36:1-33 view

There are 55 timescales which overlap this one. show

Interval boundaries marked with * have been interpolated based on the differences between the ages for international timescale boundaries quoted in the source and the currently accepted ages for those boundaries.

Interval names marked with † are no longer in current use.

This timescale is used in the definition of 92 collections

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International Chronostratigraphic Timescale			Obsolete Names for ICS Units			European Faunal Units	Cenozoic Subepochs	Paleogene Mammal Ages of Asia		Permian of the Russian Platform		Cambrian of Siberia			Cretaceous Subepochs
Quaternary	Pleistocene	Late Pleistocene					Late Pleistocene									0.0117
		Chibanian					Middle Pleistocene									0.129
		Calabrian					Early Pleistocene									0.774
		Gelasian					Early Pleistocene									1.8
Neogene	Pliocene	Piacenzian	Tertiary †			Villanyian	Late Pliocene									2.58
		Piacenzian				Ruscinian	Late Pliocene									3.1 *
		Zanclean				Ruscinian	Early Pliocene									3.6
	Miocene	Messinian				Turolian	Late Miocene									5.333
		Tortonian				Turolian										7.246
		Tortonian				Vallesian										8.7
		Serravallian				Astaracian	Middle Miocene									11.63
		Langhian				Astaracian	Middle Miocene									13.82
		Burdigalian				Orleanian	Early Miocene									15.98
		Burdigalian				Agenian										20
		Aquitanian				Agenian										20.44
Paleogene	Oligocene	Chattian					Late Oligocene	Tabenbulakian	Hsandagolian							23.03
	Oligocene	Rupelian					Early Oligocene	Kekeamuan	Hsandagolian							27.82
	Eocene	Priabonian					Late Eocene	Houldjinian/Ergilian/Ulangochuian								33.9
		Bartonian					Middle Eocene	Sharamurunian/Irdinmanhan/Arshantan								37.71
		Lutetian					Middle Eocene									41.2
		Ypresian					Early Eocene		Bumbanian							47.8
	Paleocene	Thanetian					Late Paleocene	Gashatan								56
		Selandian					Middle Paleocene									59.2
		Danian					Early Paleocene									61.6
Cretaceous	Late Cretaceous	Maastrichtian													Senonian	66
		Campanian														72.1
		Santonian														83.6
		Coniacian														86.3
		Turonian														89.8
		Cenomanian														93.9
	Early Cretaceous	Albian													Gallic	100.5
		Aptian														113
		Barremian														121.4
		Hauterivian													Neocomian	125.77
		Valanginian														132.6
		Berriasian														139.8
Jurassic	Late Jurassic	Tithonian														145
		Kimmeridgian														149.2
		Oxfordian														154.8
	Middle Jurassic	Callovian														161.5
		Bathonian														165.3
		Bajocian														168.2
		Aalenian														170.9
	Early Jurassic	Toarcian														174.7
		Pliensbachian														184.2
		Sinemurian														192.9
		Hettangian														199.5
Triassic	Late Triassic	Rhaetian														201.4
		Norian														208.5
		Carnian														227
	Middle Triassic	Ladinian														237
	Middle Triassic	Anisian														242
	Early Triassic	Olenekian														247.2
	Early Triassic	Induan														251.2
Permian	Lopingian	Changhsingian														251.902
		Wuchiapingian		Longtanian †												254.14
		Wuchiapingian		Longtanian †						Tatarian	Vyatkian					256.8 *
	Guadalupian	Capitanian									Severodvinian					259.51
		Wordian									Urzhumian					264.28
		Roadian								Kazanian	Povolzhian					266.9
		Roadian								Kazanian	Sokian					270.7 *
	Cisuralian	Kungurian								Kungurian	Irenian/Ufimian					273.01
											Filipovian					276.5 *
											Saraninian					280.1 *
		Artinskian			Artinskian					Sarginian	283.5
										Irginian	285.9 *
										Burtsevian	287.8 *
		Sakmarian			Sakmarian					Sterlitamakian	290.1
		Sakmarian			Sakmarian					Tastubian	291.7 *
		Asselian			Asselian					Shikhanian	293.52
										Uskalykian	294.8
										Surenian	297.5
Carboniferous	Pennsylvanian	Gzhelian									298.9
		Kasimovian									303.7
		Moscovian									307
		Bashkirian									315.2
	Mississippian	Serpukhovian									323.2
		Visean									330.9
		Tournaisian									346.7
Devonian	Late Devonian	Famennian				358.9
	Late Devonian	Frasnian				372.2
	Middle Devonian	Givetian				382.7
	Middle Devonian	Eifelian				387.7
	Early Devonian	Emsian				393.3
		Pragian				407.6
		Lochkovian				410.8
Silurian	Pridoli					419.2
	Ludlow	Ludfordian				423
	Ludlow	Gorstian	425.6
	Wenlock	Homerian	427.4
	Wenlock	Sheinwoodian	430.5
	Llandovery	Telychian	433.4
		Aeronian	438.5
		Rhuddanian	440.8
Ordovician	Late Ordovician	Hirnantian	Ashgill			Hirnantian	443.8
		Katian				Rawtheyan	445.2
						Cautleyan	448.9 *
						Pusgillian	449.3 *
			Caradoc			Streffordian	Onnian †	449.6 *
						Cheneyan		451.5 *
						Burrellian		452.7 *
		Sandbian						453
							Actonian †	453.2 *
							Marshbrookian †	Woolstonian †	454.2 *
							Longvillian †		455.2 *
						Aurelucian	Longvillian †		456.8 *
						Aurelucian	Soudleyan †/Harnagian/Costonian		457.4 *
	Middle Ordovician	Darriwilian	Llanvirn			Llandeilian/Llandeilo/Late Llandeilo/Middle Llandeilo/Early Llandeilo/Late Llanvirn			458.4
		Darriwilian				Abereiddian/Early Llanvirn			461.3 *
		Dapingian				Abereiddian/Early Llanvirn			467.3
		Dapingian	Arenig			Fennian			468.4 *
	Early Ordovician	Floian				Fennian			470
						Whitlandian			471.1 *
						Moridunian			474.3 *
		Tremadocian	Tremadoc			Migneintian			477.7
						Cressagian			480.8 *
						Cressagian			Mansian †		483.55 *
									Mansian †		485 *
Cambrian	Furongian	Stage 10							Batyrbaian		Tavgian †	Ketyan †/Yurakian	485.4
		Jiangshanian							Batyrbaian				489.5
									Aksaian				490.7 *
				Sakian					492.2 *
		Paibian							494
		Paibian							Ensyan †/Maduan/Nganasanian			494.7 *
	Miaolingian	Guzhangian		Series 3 †					Ayusokkanian				497
		Guzhangian							Mayan/Menevian				499.5
		Drumian							Mayan/Menevian				500.5
		Wuliuan							Stage 5 †				Amgan/Solvan	504.5
	Series 2	Stage 4											Amgan/Solvan	509
											Toyonian		Lenian †	510 *
											Botomian			512.5 *
		Stage 3									Botomian			514
		Stage 3									Atdabanian			515.6 *
	Terreneuvian	Stage 2									Tommotian			521
		Stage 2									Nemakit-Daldynian			525.5
		Fortunian									Nemakit-Daldynian		Manykaian †	529
																538.8