PBDB Timescale

Obsolete Names for ICS Units

The interval definitions in this timescale are derived from the following sources:

W. B. Harland, R. L. Armstrong, A. V. Cox, L. E. Craig, A. G. Smith and D. G. Smith. 1990. A Geologic Time Scale 1989. view
K. M. Cohen, S.C. Finney, P.L. Gibbard and J.-X. Fan. 2023. The ICS International Chronostratigraphic Chart v2023/09. view
F. F. Steininger, W. A. Berggren, D. V. Kent, R. L. Bernor, S. Sen and J. Agusti. 1996. Circum-Mediterranean Neogene (Miocene and Pliocene) marine-continental chronologic correlations of European mammal units. The Evolution of Western Eurasian Neogene Mammal Faunas (eds. R. L. Bernor, V. Fahlbusch, and H.-W. Mittmann) view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, M. D. Schmitz and G. M. Ogg. 2020. Geologic Time Scale 2020 view
B. D. Webby. 1998. Steps toward a global standard for Ordovician stratigraphy. Newsletters in Stratigraphy 36:1-33 view
A. G. Sennikov and V. K. Golubev. 2006. Vyazniki Biotic Assemblage of the Terminal Permian. Paleontological Journal 40(suppl. 4):S475-S481 view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, and A. G. Smith. 2004. A Geologic Time Scale 2004 1-589 view
M. Kretzoi. 1942. Necroteuthis n. g. (Ceph. Dibr., Necroteuthidae N. F.) aus dem Oligozän von Budapest und das system der Dibranchiata. Földtani Közlöny 72:125-238 view

There are 55 timescales which overlap this one. show

Interval boundaries marked with * have been interpolated based on the differences between the ages for international timescale boundaries quoted in the source and the currently accepted ages for those boundaries.

Interval names marked with † are no longer in current use.

This timescale is used in the definition of 92 collections

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International Chronostratigraphic Timescale			Obsolete Names for ICS Units			European Faunal Units	Ordovician of Britain				Permo-Triassic Subages of Eastern Europe	Permian of the Pamirs	Carboniferous Subepochs	Cambrian Epochs	Ordovician of North America				Obsolete Carboniferous Ages of China
Neogene	Pliocene	Piacenzian	Tertiary †			Villanyian														2.58
		Piacenzian				Ruscinian														3.1 *
		Zanclean				Ruscinian														3.6
	Miocene	Messinian				Turolian														5.333
		Tortonian				Turolian														7.246
		Tortonian				Vallesian														8.7
		Serravallian				Astaracian														11.63
		Langhian				Astaracian														13.82
		Burdigalian				Orleanian														15.98
		Burdigalian				Agenian														20
		Aquitanian				Agenian														20.44
Paleogene	Oligocene	Chattian																		23.03
	Oligocene	Rupelian																		27.82
	Eocene	Priabonian																		33.9
		Bartonian																		37.71
		Lutetian																		41.2
		Ypresian																		47.8
	Paleocene	Thanetian																		56
		Selandian																		59.2
		Danian																		61.6
Cretaceous	Late Cretaceous	Maastrichtian																		66
		Campanian																		72.1
		Santonian																		83.6
		Coniacian																		86.3
		Turonian																		89.8
		Cenomanian																		93.9
	Early Cretaceous	Albian																		100.5
		Aptian																		113
		Barremian																		121.4
		Hauterivian																		125.77
		Valanginian																		132.6
		Berriasian																		139.8
Jurassic	Late Jurassic	Tithonian																		145
		Kimmeridgian																		149.2
		Oxfordian																		154.8
	Middle Jurassic	Callovian																		161.5
		Bathonian																		165.3
		Bajocian																		168.2
		Aalenian																		170.9
	Early Jurassic	Toarcian																		174.7
		Pliensbachian																		184.2
		Sinemurian																		192.9
		Hettangian																		199.5
Triassic	Late Triassic	Rhaetian																		201.4
		Norian																		208.5
		Carnian																		227
	Middle Triassic	Ladinian																		237
	Middle Triassic	Anisian																		242
	Early Triassic	Olenekian									Vokhmian									247.2
	Early Triassic	Induan									Vokhmian									251.2
Permian	Lopingian	Changhsingian										Dorashamian								251.902
	Lopingian	Wuchiapingian		Longtanian †							Late Vyatkian/Early Vyatkian	Dzhulfian								254.14
	Guadalupian	Capitanian									Late Severodvinian/Early Severodvinian	Midian								259.51
		Wordian									Late Urzhumian/Early Urzhumian	Midian								264.28
		Wordian									Late Urzhumian/Early Urzhumian	Murgabian								266.2 *
		Roadian									Late Kazanian/Early Kazanian	Murgabian								266.9
	Cisuralian	Kungurian										Kubergandian								273.01
		Kungurian										Bolorian								279.8
		Artinskian										Bolorian								283.5
		Artinskian										Yakhtashian								286
		Sakmarian										Sakmarian								290.1
		Asselian										Asselian								293.52
Carboniferous	Pennsylvanian	Gzhelian											Late Pennsylvanian						Mapingian †	298.9
		Kasimovian																	Mapingian †	303.7
		Kasimovian					305.9
		Moscovian					Middle Pennsylvanian	307
		Bashkirian					Early Pennsylvanian	315.2
	Mississippian	Serpukhovian					Late Mississippian	323.2
		Visean					Middle Mississippian	330.9
		Tournaisian					Early Mississippian	346.7
Devonian	Late Devonian	Famennian						358.9
	Late Devonian	Frasnian						372.2
	Middle Devonian	Givetian						382.7
	Middle Devonian	Eifelian						387.7
	Early Devonian	Emsian						393.3
		Pragian				407.6
		Lochkovian				410.8
Silurian	Pridoli					419.2
	Ludlow	Ludfordian				423
	Ludlow	Gorstian				425.6
	Wenlock	Homerian				427.4
	Wenlock	Sheinwoodian				430.5
	Llandovery	Telychian				433.4
		Aeronian				438.5
		Rhuddanian	440.8
Ordovician	Late Ordovician	Hirnantian	Ashgill			Hirnantian		Cincinnatian	Gamachian	443.8
		Katian				Rawtheyan			Gamachian	445.2
						Rawtheyan			Richmondian	446 *
						Cautleyan				448.9 *
						Pusgillian				449.3 *
			Caradoc			Streffordian				Onnian †			449.6 *
									Maysvillian				Rocklandian †/Shermanian/Ashbyan/Kirkfieldian/Blackriveran/Wildernessian/Trentonian/Franklinian	449.8 *
									Edenian					450.4 *
								Mohawkian	Chatfieldian					451.1 *
						Cheneyan								451.5 *
						Burrellian								452.7 *
		Sandbian												453
										Actonian †				453.2 *
									Turinian	Actonian †				453.7 *
										Marshbrookian †				Woolstonian †	454.2 *
										Longvillian †					455.2 *
						Aurelucian									456.8 *
								Whiterockian					Canadian †		Chazyan †/Marmor	457 *
										Soudleyan †/Harnagian/Costonian						457.4 *
	Middle Ordovician	Darriwilian	Llanvirn			Llandeilian/Llandeilo/Late Llandeilo/Middle Llandeilo/Early Llandeilo/Late Llanvirn										458.4
		Darriwilian				Abereiddian/Early Llanvirn										461.3 *
		Dapingian				Abereiddian/Early Llanvirn										467.3
			Arenig			Fennian										468.4 *
									Rangerian							469.1 *
	Early Ordovician	Floian						Ibexian	Blackhillsian						Jeffersonian †	Cassinian †	470
						Whitlandian			Blackhillsian								471.1 *
						Whitlandian			Tulean								473.9 *
						Moridunian											474.3 *
		Tremadocian	Tremadoc			Migneintian											477.7
						Migneintian			Stairsian								480.3 *
						Cressagian			Stairsian								480.8 *
				Skullrockian		Cressagian			Demingian †							482 *
									Demingian †							485 *
Cambrian	Furongian	Stage 10							Late Cambrian								485.4
		Stage 10															487.5
		Jiangshanian									489.5
		Paibian									494
	Miaolingian	Guzhangian							Series 3 †		Middle Cambrian						497
		Drumian															500.5
		Wuliuan															Stage 5 †	504.5
	Series 2	Stage 4															Early Cambrian	509
	Series 2	Stage 3										514
	Terreneuvian	Stage 2										521
	Terreneuvian	Fortunian			529
																				538.8