PBDB Timescale

Obsolete Names for ICS Units

The interval definitions in this timescale are derived from the following sources:

W. B. Harland, R. L. Armstrong, A. V. Cox, L. E. Craig, A. G. Smith and D. G. Smith. 1990. A Geologic Time Scale 1989. view
K. M. Cohen, S.C. Finney, P.L. Gibbard and J.-X. Fan. 2023. The ICS International Chronostratigraphic Chart v2023/09. view
F. F. Steininger, W. A. Berggren, D. V. Kent, R. L. Bernor, S. Sen and J. Agusti. 1996. Circum-Mediterranean Neogene (Miocene and Pliocene) marine-continental chronologic correlations of European mammal units. The Evolution of Western Eurasian Neogene Mammal Faunas (eds. R. L. Bernor, V. Fahlbusch, and H.-W. Mittmann) view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, M. D. Schmitz and G. M. Ogg. 2020. Geologic Time Scale 2020 view
F. M. Gradstein, F. P. Agterberg, J. G. Ogg, J. Hardenbol, P. Van Veen, J. Thierry, and Z. Huang. 1995. A Triassic, Jurassic, and Cretaceous time scale. SEPM Special Publication 54 view
J. Palfy, P. L. Smith, and J. K. Mortensen. 2000. A U-Pb and 40Ar/39Ar time scale for the Jurassic. Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences 37(6):923-944 view
D. H. Erwin and S. A. Bowring. 2004. Cambrian time scale. view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, and A. G. Smith. 2004. A Geologic Time Scale 2004 1-589 view
M. Harzhauser and W. E. Piller. 2004. Integrated stratigraphy of the Sarmatian (Upper Middle Miocene) in the western Central Paratethys. Stratigraphy 1(1):65-86 view
M. Kretzoi. 1942. Necroteuthis n. g. (Ceph. Dibr., Necroteuthidae N. F.) aus dem Oligozän von Budapest und das system der Dibranchiata. Földtani Közlöny 72:125-238 view

There are 55 timescales which overlap this one. show

Interval boundaries marked with * have been interpolated based on the differences between the ages for international timescale boundaries quoted in the source and the currently accepted ages for those boundaries.

Interval names marked with † are no longer in current use.

This timescale is used in the definition of 92 collections

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International Chronostratigraphic Timescale			Obsolete Names for ICS Units			European Faunal Units	Silurian of the Baltic	Permian Subages of Germany	Mesozoic Subages		Cambrian of Siberia			Central Paratethys Stages	Ordovician of North America
Neogene	Pliocene	Piacenzian	Tertiary †			Villanyian												2.58
		Piacenzian				Ruscinian												3.1 *
		Zanclean				Ruscinian												3.6
	Miocene	Messinian				Turolian												5.333
		Tortonian				Turolian								Pannonian				7.246
		Tortonian				Vallesian								Pannonian				8.7
		Serravallian				Astaracian								Sarmatian				11.63
		Serravallian												Badenian				12.8 *
		Langhian																13.82
		Burdigalian				Orleanian												15.98
		Burdigalian				Agenian												20
		Aquitanian				Agenian												20.44
Paleogene	Oligocene	Chattian																23.03
	Oligocene	Rupelian																27.82
	Eocene	Priabonian																33.9
		Bartonian																37.71
		Lutetian																41.2
		Ypresian																47.8
	Paleocene	Thanetian																56
		Selandian																59.2
		Danian																61.6
Cretaceous	Late Cretaceous	Maastrichtian							Late Maastrichtian/Early Maastrichtian									66
		Campanian							Late Campanian/Middle Campanian/Early Campanian									72.1
		Santonian							Late Santonian/Middle Santonian/Early Santonian									83.6
		Coniacian							Late Coniacian/Middle Coniacian/Early Coniacian									86.3
		Turonian							Late Turonian/Middle Turonian/Early Turonian									89.8
		Cenomanian							Late Cenomanian/Middle Cenomanian/Early Cenomanian									93.9
	Early Cretaceous	Albian							Late Albian									100.5
									Middle Albian									106.2 *
									Early Albian									109.9 *
		Aptian							Late Aptian									113
		Aptian							Early Aptian									119.5 *
		Barremian							Late Barremian/Early Barremian									121.4
		Hauterivian							Late Hauterivian/Early Hauterivian									125.77
		Valanginian							Late Valanginian/Early Valanginian									132.6
		Berriasian							Late Berriasian									139.8
									Middle Berriasian									140.6 *
									Early Berriasian									142.7 *
Jurassic	Late Jurassic	Tithonian							Late Tithonian	Middle Tithonian								145
		Tithonian							Early Tithonian	Middle Tithonian								146.3 *
		Kimmeridgian							Late Kimmeridgian									149.2
		Kimmeridgian							Early Kimmeridgian									152.2 *
		Oxfordian							Late Oxfordian	Middle Oxfordian/Early Oxfordian								154.8
		Oxfordian								Middle Oxfordian/Early Oxfordian								157.9 *
	Middle Jurassic	Callovian							Late Callovian/Middle Callovian/Early Callovian									161.5
		Bathonian							Late Bathonian/Middle Bathonian/Early Bathonian									165.3
		Bajocian							Late Bajocian									168.2
		Bajocian							Early Bajocian									168.6 *
		Aalenian							Late Aalenian/Middle Aalenian/Early Aalenian									170.9
	Early Jurassic	Toarcian							Late Toarcian									174.7
									Middle Toarcian									180.4 *
									Early Toarcian									182.9 *
		Pliensbachian							Late Pliensbachian/Early Pliensbachian									184.2
		Sinemurian							Late Sinemurian/Early Sinemurian									192.9
		Hettangian							Late Hettangian/Middle Hettangian/Early Hettangian									199.5
Triassic	Late Triassic	Rhaetian																201.4
		Norian							Sevatian									208.5
									Alaunian									213.2 *
									Lacian									216.7 *
		Carnian							Tuvalian									227
		Carnian							Julian									233.4 *
	Middle Triassic	Ladinian							Longobardian									237
		Ladinian							Fassanian									239.7 *
		Anisian							Illyrian									242
				Pelsonian	243.8 *
				Bithynian	244.7 *
				Aegean	245.5 *
	Early Triassic	Olenekian		Spathian	247.2
		Olenekian		Smithian	248.9 *
		Induan		Dienerian	251.2
		Induan		Griesbachian	251.4 *
Permian	Lopingian	Changhsingian		Buntsandstein			251.902
	Lopingian	Wuchiapingian		Buntsandstein			Longtanian †	254.14
	Guadalupian	Capitanian					Ohre/Aller	259.51
		Wordian					Leine	264.28
		Roadian						266.9
	Cisuralian	Kungurian				273.01
		Artinskian				283.5
		Sakmarian				290.1
		Asselian				293.52
Carboniferous	Pennsylvanian	Gzhelian				298.9
		Kasimovian				303.7
		Moscovian				307
		Bashkirian				315.2
	Mississippian	Serpukhovian				323.2
		Visean	330.9
		Tournaisian	346.7
Devonian	Late Devonian	Famennian	358.9
	Late Devonian	Frasnian	372.2
	Middle Devonian	Givetian	382.7
	Middle Devonian	Eifelian	387.7
	Early Devonian	Emsian	393.3
		Pragian	407.6
		Lochkovian	410.8
Silurian	Pridoli		Ohesaare			419.2
	Pridoli		Kaugetuma			421.7 *
	Ludlow	Ludfordian	Kuressaare			423
		Ludfordian	Paadla			423.4 *
		Gorstian	Paadla			425.6
	Wenlock	Homerian	Rootsikula			427.4
		Homerian	Jaagarahu			429.2 *
		Sheinwoodian	Jaagarahu			430.5
		Sheinwoodian	Jaani			431.8 *
	Llandovery	Telychian	Jaani			433.4
		Telychian	Adavere			434 *
		Aeronian	Adavere			438.5
		Aeronian	Raikkula			439.4 *
		Rhuddanian	Raikkula			440.8
		Rhuddanian	Juuru			441.4 *
Ordovician	Late Ordovician	Hirnantian				Cincinnatian		Gamachian	443.8
		Katian						Gamachian	445.2
								Richmondian	446 *
								Maysvillian	Rocklandian †/Shermanian/Ashbyan/Kirkfieldian/Blackriveran/Wildernessian/Trentonian/Franklinian	449.8 *
								Edenian		450.4 *
						Mohawkian		Chatfieldian		451.1 *
		Sandbian						Chatfieldian		453
								Turinian		453.7 *
						Whiterockian			Canadian †	Chazyan †/Marmor	457 *
	Middle Ordovician	Darriwilian									458.4
		Dapingian									467.3
		Dapingian						Rangerian			469.1 *
	Early Ordovician	Floian				Ibexian		Blackhillsian		Jeffersonian †	Cassinian †	470
		Floian						Tulean				473.9 *
		Tremadocian						Tulean				477.7
								Stairsian				480.3 *
								Skullrockian			Demingian †	482 *
											Demingian †	Mansian †	483.55 *
Cambrian	Furongian	Stage 10							Batyrbaian	Tavgian †	Ketyan †/Yurakian				Merioneth	Dolgellian/Trempealeauan	485.4
																Dolgellian/Trempealeauan	487.5
																Festiniogian	489.2 *
		Jiangshanian															489.5
									Aksaian								490.7 *
									Sakian								492.2 *
																Maentwrogian	493.1 *
		Paibian															494
		Paibian			Ensyan †/Maduan/Nganasanian						494.7 *
	Miaolingian	Guzhangian			Series 3 †				Ayusokkanian						St Davids		497
		Guzhangian		Mayan/Menevian					499.5
		Drumian		Mayan/Menevian					500.5
		Wuliuan		Stage 5 †			Amgan/Solvan		504.5
	Series 2	Stage 4					Amgan/Solvan		Caerfai						509
							Toyonian			Lenian †					510 *
							Botomian								512.5 *
		Stage 3					Botomian								514
		Stage 3					Atdabanian								515.6 *
	Terreneuvian	Stage 2					Tommotian								521
		Stage 2					Nemakit-Daldynian								525.5
		Fortunian					Nemakit-Daldynian			Manykaian †					529
																		538.8