PBDB Timescale

Obsolete Names for ICS Units

The interval definitions in this timescale are derived from the following sources:

W. B. Harland, R. L. Armstrong, A. V. Cox, L. E. Craig, A. G. Smith and D. G. Smith. 1990. A Geologic Time Scale 1989. view
K. M. Cohen, S.C. Finney, P.L. Gibbard and J.-X. Fan. 2023. The ICS International Chronostratigraphic Chart v2023/09. view
F. F. Steininger, W. A. Berggren, D. V. Kent, R. L. Bernor, S. Sen and J. Agusti. 1996. Circum-Mediterranean Neogene (Miocene and Pliocene) marine-continental chronologic correlations of European mammal units. The Evolution of Western Eurasian Neogene Mammal Faunas (eds. R. L. Bernor, V. Fahlbusch, and H.-W. Mittmann) view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, and A. G. Smith. 2004. A Geologic Time Scale 2004 1-589 view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, M. D. Schmitz and G. M. Ogg. 2020. Geologic Time Scale 2020 view
M. Kretzoi. 1942. Necroteuthis n. g. (Ceph. Dibr., Necroteuthidae N. F.) aus dem Oligozän von Budapest und das system der Dibranchiata. Földtani Közlöny 72:125-238 view

There are 55 timescales which overlap this one. show

Interval boundaries marked with * have been interpolated based on the differences between the ages for international timescale boundaries quoted in the source and the currently accepted ages for those boundaries.

Interval names marked with † are no longer in current use.

This timescale is used in the definition of 92 collections

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International Chronostratigraphic Timescale			Obsolete Names for ICS Units			European Faunal Units	Devonian of Germany	European Faunal Zones	Carboniferous Subepochs	Cambrian Epochs	Ordovician of North America
Quaternary	Pleistocene	Gelasian						MN 17							1.8
Neogene	Pliocene	Piacenzian	Tertiary †			Villanyian		MN 16							2.58
						Ruscinian		MN 16							3.1 *
								MN 15							3.2
		Zanclean						MN 15							3.6
								MN 14							4.2
								MN 13							4.9
	Miocene	Messinian				Turolian		MN 13							5.333
		Tortonian						MN 12							7.246
								MN 11							7.75
						Vallesian		MN 10							8.7
								MN 9							9.7
								MN 7 + 8							11.1
		Serravallian				Astaracian		MN 7 + 8							11.63
		Serravallian						MN 6							12.8 *
		Langhian						MN 5							13.82
		Burdigalian				Orleanian		MN 4							15.98
						Orleanian		MN 3							16.9
						Agenian		MN 2							20
		Aquitanian						MN 2							20.44
		Aquitanian						MN 1							22.4
Paleogene	Oligocene	Chattian													23.03
	Oligocene	Rupelian													27.82
	Eocene	Priabonian													33.9
		Bartonian													37.71
		Lutetian													41.2
		Ypresian													47.8
	Paleocene	Thanetian													56
		Selandian													59.2
		Danian													61.6
Cretaceous	Late Cretaceous	Maastrichtian													66
		Campanian													72.1
		Santonian													83.6
		Coniacian													86.3
		Turonian													89.8
		Cenomanian													93.9
	Early Cretaceous	Albian													100.5
		Aptian													113
		Barremian													121.4
		Hauterivian													125.77
		Valanginian													132.6
		Berriasian													139.8
Jurassic	Late Jurassic	Tithonian													145
		Kimmeridgian													149.2
		Oxfordian													154.8
	Middle Jurassic	Callovian													161.5
		Bathonian													165.3
		Bajocian													168.2
		Aalenian													170.9
	Early Jurassic	Toarcian													174.7
		Pliensbachian													184.2
		Sinemurian													192.9
		Hettangian													199.5
Triassic	Late Triassic	Rhaetian													201.4
		Norian													208.5
		Carnian													227
	Middle Triassic	Ladinian													237
	Middle Triassic	Anisian													242
	Early Triassic	Olenekian													247.2
	Early Triassic	Induan													251.2
Permian	Lopingian	Changhsingian													251.902
	Lopingian	Wuchiapingian		Longtanian †											254.14
	Guadalupian	Capitanian													259.51
		Wordian													264.28
		Roadian			266.9
	Cisuralian	Kungurian			273.01
		Artinskian			283.5
		Sakmarian			290.1
		Asselian			293.52
Carboniferous	Pennsylvanian	Gzhelian			Late Pennsylvanian		Mapingian †		298.9
		Kasimovian					Mapingian †		303.7
		Kasimovian							305.9
		Moscovian			Middle Pennsylvanian				307
		Bashkirian			Early Pennsylvanian				315.2
	Mississippian	Serpukhovian			Late Mississippian				323.2
		Visean			Middle Mississippian				330.9
		Tournaisian			Early Mississippian				346.7
Devonian	Late Devonian	Famennian			Wocklum/Dasberg/Hemberg/Nehden					358.9
	Late Devonian	Frasnian			Adorf					372.2
	Middle Devonian	Givetian			Givetian					382.7
	Middle Devonian	Eifelian			Eifelian					387.7
	Early Devonian	Emsian			Emsian					393.3
		Pragian			Siegen					407.6
		Lochkovian			Gedinnine					410.8
Silurian	Pridoli									419.2
	Ludlow	Ludfordian				423
	Ludlow	Gorstian				425.6
	Wenlock	Homerian				427.4
	Wenlock	Sheinwoodian				430.5
	Llandovery	Telychian				433.4
		Aeronian				438.5
		Rhuddanian				440.8
Ordovician	Late Ordovician	Hirnantian				Cincinnatian		Gamachian		443.8
		Katian						Gamachian		445.2
			Richmondian					446 *
			Maysvillian					Rocklandian †/Shermanian/Ashbyan/Kirkfieldian/Blackriveran/Wildernessian/Trentonian/Franklinian		449.8 *
			Edenian							450.4 *
			Mohawkian			Chatfieldian				451.1 *
		Sandbian				Chatfieldian				453
						Turinian				453.7 *
			Whiterockian					Canadian †		Chazyan †/Marmor	457 *
	Middle Ordovician	Darriwilian									458.4
		Dapingian									467.3
		Dapingian				Rangerian					469.1 *
	Early Ordovician	Floian	Ibexian			Blackhillsian				Jeffersonian †	Cassinian †	470
		Floian				Tulean						473.9 *
		Tremadocian				Tulean						477.7
						Stairsian						480.3 *
						Skullrockian					Demingian †	482 *
Cambrian	Furongian	Stage 10				Skullrockian		Late Cambrian					485.4
		Stage 10											487.5
		Jiangshanian											489.5
		Paibian											494
	Miaolingian	Guzhangian						Series 3 †					Middle Cambrian	497
		Drumian												500.5
		Wuliuan		Stage 5 †										504.5
	Series 2	Stage 4											Early Cambrian	509
	Series 2	Stage 3												514
	Terreneuvian	Stage 2												521
	Terreneuvian	Fortunian												529
															538.8