PBDB Timescale

Obsolete Names for ICS Units

The interval definitions in this timescale are derived from the following sources:

W. B. Harland, R. L. Armstrong, A. V. Cox, L. E. Craig, A. G. Smith and D. G. Smith. 1990. A Geologic Time Scale 1989. view
K. M. Cohen, S.C. Finney, P.L. Gibbard and J.-X. Fan. 2023. The ICS International Chronostratigraphic Chart v2023/09. view
F. F. Steininger, W. A. Berggren, D. V. Kent, R. L. Bernor, S. Sen and J. Agusti. 1996. Circum-Mediterranean Neogene (Miocene and Pliocene) marine-continental chronologic correlations of European mammal units. The Evolution of Western Eurasian Neogene Mammal Faunas (eds. R. L. Bernor, V. Fahlbusch, and H.-W. Mittmann) view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, M. D. Schmitz and G. M. Ogg. 2020. Geologic Time Scale 2020 view
B. D. Webby. 1998. Steps toward a global standard for Ordovician stratigraphy. Newsletters in Stratigraphy 36:1-33 view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, and A. G. Smith. 2004. A Geologic Time Scale 2004 1-589 view
M. Harzhauser and W. E. Piller. 2004. Integrated stratigraphy of the Sarmatian (Upper Middle Miocene) in the western Central Paratethys. Stratigraphy 1(1):65-86 view
F. M. Gradstein, F. P. Agterberg, J. G. Ogg, J. Hardenbol, P. Van Veen, J. Thierry, and Z. Huang. 1995. A Triassic, Jurassic, and Cretaceous time scale. SEPM Special Publication 54 view
J. Palfy, P. L. Smith, and J. K. Mortensen. 2000. A U-Pb and 40Ar/39Ar time scale for the Jurassic. Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences 37(6):923-944 view

There are 55 timescales which overlap this one. show

Interval boundaries marked with * have been interpolated based on the differences between the ages for international timescale boundaries quoted in the source and the currently accepted ages for those boundaries.

Interval names marked with † are no longer in current use.

This timescale is used in the definition of 92 collections

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International Chronostratigraphic Timescale			Obsolete Names for ICS Units			European Faunal Units	Carboniferous of China	Ordovician of the Baltic			Cambrian of Australia	Silurian of North America			Central Paratethys Stages	Mesozoic Subages		Cenozoic Subepochs
Quaternary	Pleistocene	Late Pleistocene																Late Pleistocene	0.0117
		Chibanian																Middle Pleistocene	0.129
		Calabrian																Early Pleistocene	0.774
		Gelasian																Early Pleistocene	1.8
Neogene	Pliocene	Piacenzian	Tertiary †			Villanyian												Late Pliocene	2.58
		Piacenzian				Ruscinian												Late Pliocene	3.1 *
		Zanclean				Ruscinian												Early Pliocene	3.6
	Miocene	Messinian				Turolian												Late Miocene	5.333
		Tortonian				Turolian									Pannonian				7.246
		Tortonian				Vallesian									Pannonian				8.7
		Serravallian				Astaracian									Sarmatian			Middle Miocene	11.63
		Serravallian													Badenian				12.8 *
		Langhian																	13.82
		Burdigalian				Orleanian												Early Miocene	15.98
		Burdigalian				Agenian													20
		Aquitanian				Agenian													20.44
Paleogene	Oligocene	Chattian																Late Oligocene	23.03
	Oligocene	Rupelian																Early Oligocene	27.82
	Eocene	Priabonian																Late Eocene	33.9
		Bartonian																Middle Eocene	37.71
		Lutetian																Middle Eocene	41.2
		Ypresian																Early Eocene	47.8
	Paleocene	Thanetian																Late Paleocene	56
		Selandian																Middle Paleocene	59.2
		Danian																Early Paleocene	61.6
Cretaceous	Late Cretaceous	Maastrichtian														Late Maastrichtian/Early Maastrichtian			66
		Campanian														Late Campanian/Middle Campanian/Early Campanian			72.1
		Santonian														Late Santonian/Middle Santonian/Early Santonian			83.6
		Coniacian														Late Coniacian/Middle Coniacian/Early Coniacian			86.3
		Turonian														Late Turonian/Middle Turonian/Early Turonian			89.8
		Cenomanian														Late Cenomanian/Middle Cenomanian/Early Cenomanian			93.9
	Early Cretaceous	Albian														Late Albian			100.5
																Middle Albian			106.2 *
																Early Albian			109.9 *
		Aptian														Late Aptian			113
		Aptian														Early Aptian			119.5 *
		Barremian														Late Barremian/Early Barremian			121.4
		Hauterivian														Late Hauterivian/Early Hauterivian			125.77
		Valanginian														Late Valanginian/Early Valanginian			132.6
		Berriasian														Late Berriasian			139.8
																Middle Berriasian			140.6 *
																Early Berriasian			142.7 *
Jurassic	Late Jurassic	Tithonian														Late Tithonian	Middle Tithonian		145
		Tithonian														Early Tithonian	Middle Tithonian		146.3 *
		Kimmeridgian														Late Kimmeridgian			149.2
		Kimmeridgian														Early Kimmeridgian			152.2 *
		Oxfordian														Late Oxfordian	Middle Oxfordian/Early Oxfordian		154.8
		Oxfordian															Middle Oxfordian/Early Oxfordian		157.9 *
	Middle Jurassic	Callovian														Late Callovian/Middle Callovian/Early Callovian			161.5
		Bathonian														Late Bathonian/Middle Bathonian/Early Bathonian			165.3
		Bajocian														Late Bajocian			168.2
		Bajocian														Early Bajocian			168.6 *
		Aalenian														Late Aalenian/Middle Aalenian/Early Aalenian			170.9
	Early Jurassic	Toarcian														Late Toarcian			174.7
																Middle Toarcian			180.4 *
																Early Toarcian			182.9 *
		Pliensbachian														Late Pliensbachian/Early Pliensbachian			184.2
		Sinemurian														Late Sinemurian/Early Sinemurian			192.9
		Hettangian														Late Hettangian/Middle Hettangian/Early Hettangian			199.5
Triassic	Late Triassic	Rhaetian																	201.4
		Norian														Sevatian			208.5
																Alaunian			213.2 *
																Lacian			216.7 *
		Carnian														Tuvalian			227
		Carnian		Julian	233.4 *
	Middle Triassic	Ladinian		Longobardian	237
		Ladinian		Fassanian	239.7 *
		Anisian		Illyrian	242
				Pelsonian	243.8 *
				Bithynian	244.7 *
				Aegean	245.5 *
	Early Triassic	Olenekian		Spathian	247.2
		Olenekian		Smithian	248.9 *
		Induan		Dienerian	251.2
		Induan		Griesbachian	251.4 *
Permian	Lopingian	Changhsingian			251.902
	Lopingian	Wuchiapingian			Longtanian †		254.14
	Guadalupian	Capitanian					259.51
		Wordian					264.28
		Roadian					266.9
	Cisuralian	Kungurian				273.01
		Artinskian				283.5
		Sakmarian				290.1
		Asselian				293.52
Carboniferous	Pennsylvanian	Gzhelian				298.9
		Gzhelian				Xiaodushanian	300 *
		Kasimovian				Xiaodushanian	303.7
		Kasimovian				Dalaun	305.8 *
		Moscovian					307
		Bashkirian	315.2
			Huashibanian			318.5 *
			Lousuan			321.2 *
	Mississippian	Serpukhovian	Dewunian			323.2
		Serpukhovian	Shangsian			330.8 *
		Visean	Shangsian			330.9
		Visean	Jiusian			335 *
		Tournaisian	Tangbagouan			346.7
Devonian	Late Devonian	Famennian				358.9
	Late Devonian	Frasnian				372.2
	Middle Devonian	Givetian				382.7
	Middle Devonian	Eifelian				387.7
	Early Devonian	Emsian				393.3
		Pragian				407.6
		Lochkovian				410.8
Silurian	Pridoli					Cayugan	419.2
	Pridoli					Niagaran	422.5 *
	Ludlow	Ludfordian					423
	Ludlow	Gorstian					425.6
	Wenlock	Homerian					Lockportian	427.4
	Wenlock	Sheinwoodian						430.5
	Llandovery	Telychian					Ontarian	433.4
		Aeronian						438.5
								Alexandrian	438.7 *
						Medinan	Clinton		440.1 *
									440.7 *
		Rhuddanian							440.8
Ordovician	Late Ordovician	Hirnantian				Harju		Porkuni		Bolindian	443.8
		Katian						Pirgu		Bolindian	445.2
								Pirgu		Eastonian	449 *
								Vormsi			449.6 *
								Nabala			Johvi †	450 *
						Viru		Rakvere				450.6 *
								Oandu		Gisbornian		452 *
		Sandbian						Keila			Idavere †	453
								Haljala				453.9
								Kukruse				456.4 *
								Uhaku			Aluoja †	457.5 *
	Middle Ordovician	Darriwilian						Uhaku		Darriwilian		458.4
								Lasnamagi				458.9 *
								Aseri				460.4 *
						Oeland		Kunda				462.9 *
								Kunda			Valaste †/Hunderum	464.3 *
								Volkhov				Langevoja †/Vaana/Saka	467.1 *
		Dapingian								Yapeenian			467.3
										Castlemainian			468.5 *
								Billingen		Castlemainian			469.3 *
	Early Ordovician	Floian								Chewtonian			470
										Chewtonian	Latorp †		470.1 *
										Bendigonian			471.8 *
				Lancefieldian						473.5 *
								Hunneberg		473.7 *
		Tremadocian			477.7			Hunneberg
					Varangu			481.3 *
					Pakerort			482.2 *
				Warendian				482.8 *
Cambrian	Furongian	Stage 10						Datsonian			485.4
											486.3 *
											486.5
								Payntonian			486.8 *
		Jiangshanian						Iverian			489.5
		Paibian						Idamean			494
	Miaolingian	Guzhangian						Series 3 †			Mindyallan		497
		Guzhangian									Boomerangian		499
		Drumian									Undillan		500.5
		Drumian									Floran		503
		Wuliuan									Stage 5 †		Templetonian	504.5
		Wuliuan									Stage 5 †		Ordian	507.8 *
	Series 2	Stage 4											Ordian	509
																			510.8 *