PBDB Timescale

Obsolete Names for ICS Units

The interval definitions in this timescale are derived from the following sources:

W. B. Harland, R. L. Armstrong, A. V. Cox, L. E. Craig, A. G. Smith and D. G. Smith. 1990. A Geologic Time Scale 1989. view
K. M. Cohen, S.C. Finney, P.L. Gibbard and J.-X. Fan. 2023. The ICS International Chronostratigraphic Chart v2023/09. view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, and A. G. Smith. 2004. A Geologic Time Scale 2004 1-589 view
A. D. Barnosky, M. Holmes, R. Kirchholtes, E. Lindsey, K.C. Maguire, A.W. Poust, M.A. Stegner, J. Sunseri, B. Swartz, J. Swift, N.A. Villavicencio and G. Wogan. 2014. Prelude to the Anthropocene: Two new North American Land Mammal Ages (NALMAs). The Anthropocene Review I(3):225-242 view

There are 55 timescales which overlap this one. show

Interval names marked with † are no longer in current use.

This timescale is used in the definition of 92 collections

International Chronostratigraphic Timescale			Obsolete Names for ICS Units			Cambrian Epochs	North American Land Mammal Ages
Quaternary	Holocene	Meghalayan					Saintaugustinean	0
		Meghalayan					Santarosean	0.0004
		Northgrippian						0.0042
		Greenlandian						0.0082
	Pleistocene	Late Pleistocene						0.0117
		Late Pleistocene					Rancholabrean	0.014
		Chibanian					Rancholabrean	0.129
		Chibanian					Irvingtonian	0.21
		Calabrian					Irvingtonian	0.774
		Calabrian					Blancan	1.4
		Gelasian						1.8
Neogene	Pliocene	Piacenzian	Tertiary †					2.58
		Zanclean						3.6
		Zanclean					Hemphillian	4.7
	Miocene	Messinian						5.333
		Tortonian						7.246
		Tortonian					Clarendonian	9.4
		Serravallian					Clarendonian	11.63
		Serravallian					Barstovian	12.5
		Langhian						13.82
		Burdigalian						15.98
							Hemingfordian	16.3
							Arikareean	18.5
		Aquitanian						20.44
Paleogene	Oligocene	Chattian						23.03
		Rupelian						27.82
							Whitneyan	29.5
							Orellan	31.8
	Eocene	Priabonian					Chadronian	33.9
		Priabonian					Duchesnean	37
		Bartonian					Duchesnean	37.71
		Bartonian					Uintan	39.7
		Lutetian					Uintan	41.2
		Lutetian					Bridgerian	46.2
		Ypresian					Bridgerian	47.8
							Wasatchian	50.5
							Clarkforkian	54.9
	Paleocene	Thanetian					Clarkforkian	56
		Thanetian					Tiffanian	56.2
		Selandian					Tiffanian	59.2
		Selandian					Torrejonian	60.9
		Danian					Torrejonian	61.6
		Danian					Puercan	63.8
Cretaceous	Late Cretaceous	Maastrichtian						66
		Campanian						72.1
		Santonian						83.6
		Coniacian						86.3
		Turonian						89.8
		Cenomanian						93.9
	Early Cretaceous	Albian						100.5
		Aptian						113
		Barremian						121.4
		Hauterivian						125.77
		Valanginian						132.6
		Berriasian						139.8
Jurassic	Late Jurassic	Tithonian						145
		Kimmeridgian						149.2
		Oxfordian						154.8
	Middle Jurassic	Callovian						161.5
		Bathonian						165.3
		Bajocian						168.2
		Aalenian						170.9
	Early Jurassic	Toarcian						174.7
		Pliensbachian						184.2
		Sinemurian		192.9
		Hettangian		199.5
Triassic	Late Triassic	Rhaetian		201.4
		Norian		208.5
		Carnian		227
	Middle Triassic	Ladinian		237
	Middle Triassic	Anisian		242
	Early Triassic	Olenekian		247.2
	Early Triassic	Induan		251.2
Permian	Lopingian	Changhsingian		251.902
	Lopingian	Wuchiapingian		Longtanian †	254.14
	Guadalupian	Capitanian			259.51
		Wordian			264.28
		Roadian			266.9
	Cisuralian	Kungurian			273.01
		Artinskian			283.5
		Sakmarian			290.1
		Asselian			293.52
Carboniferous	Pennsylvanian	Gzhelian			298.9
		Kasimovian			303.7
		Moscovian			307
		Bashkirian			315.2
	Mississippian	Serpukhovian			323.2
		Visean			330.9
		Tournaisian			346.7
Devonian	Late Devonian	Famennian			358.9
	Late Devonian	Frasnian			372.2
	Middle Devonian	Givetian			382.7
	Middle Devonian	Eifelian			387.7
	Early Devonian	Emsian			393.3
		Pragian			407.6
		Lochkovian			410.8
Silurian	Pridoli				419.2
	Ludlow	Ludfordian			423
	Ludlow	Gorstian			425.6
	Wenlock	Homerian			427.4
	Wenlock	Sheinwoodian			430.5
	Llandovery	Telychian			433.4
		Aeronian			438.5
		Rhuddanian			440.8
Ordovician	Late Ordovician	Hirnantian			443.8
		Katian			445.2
		Sandbian			453
	Middle Ordovician	Darriwilian	458.4
	Middle Ordovician	Dapingian	467.3
	Early Ordovician	Floian	470
	Early Ordovician	Tremadocian	477.7
Cambrian	Furongian	Stage 10	Late Cambrian		485.4
		Jiangshanian			489.5
		Paibian			494
	Miaolingian	Guzhangian	Series 3 †		Middle Cambrian	497
		Drumian				500.5
		Wuliuan		Stage 5 †		504.5
	Series 2	Stage 4			Early Cambrian	509
	Series 2	Stage 3				514
	Terreneuvian	Stage 2				521
	Terreneuvian	Fortunian				529
								538.8