PBDB Timescale

Obsolete Names for ICS Units

The interval definitions in this timescale are derived from the following sources:

W. B. Harland, R. L. Armstrong, A. V. Cox, L. E. Craig, A. G. Smith and D. G. Smith. 1990. A Geologic Time Scale 1989. view
K. M. Cohen, S.C. Finney, P.L. Gibbard and J.-X. Fan. 2023. The ICS International Chronostratigraphic Chart v2023/09. view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, and A. G. Smith. 2004. A Geologic Time Scale 2004 1-589 view
Z.-X. Qiu and Z.-D. Qiu. 1995. Chronological sequence and subdivision of Chinese Neogene mammalian faunas. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology 116(1-2):41-70 view
J. Meng and M. C. McKenna. 1998. Faunal turnovers of Paleogene mammals from the Mongolian Plateau. Nature 394:364-367 view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, M. D. Schmitz and G. M. Ogg. 2020. Geologic Time Scale 2020 view
J. A. Lillegraven and M. C. McKenna. 1986. Fossil mammals from the "Mesaverde" Formation (Late Cretaceous, Judithian) of the Bighorn and Wind River basins, Wyoming, with definitions of Late Cretaceous North American Land-Mammal "Ages". American Museum Novitates 2840:1-68 view
B. D. Webby. 1998. Steps toward a global standard for Ordovician stratigraphy. Newsletters in Stratigraphy 36:1-33 view

There are 55 timescales which overlap this one. show

Interval boundaries marked with * have been interpolated based on the differences between the ages for international timescale boundaries quoted in the source and the currently accepted ages for those boundaries.

Interval names marked with † are no longer in current use.

This timescale is used in the definition of 92 collections

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International Chronostratigraphic Timescale			Obsolete Names for ICS Units			Cambrian Epochs	Neogene Mammal Ages of China	Silurian of North America			Devonian of Czechoslovakia	Cenozoic Subepochs	Paleogene Mammal Ages of Asia		Permian of China	Cretaceous North American Land-Mammal Ages
Quaternary	Pleistocene	Late Pleistocene					Nihewanian					Late Pleistocene					0.0117
		Chibanian										Middle Pleistocene					0.129
		Calabrian										Early Pleistocene					0.774
		Gelasian										Early Pleistocene					1.8
Neogene	Pliocene	Piacenzian	Tertiary †				Yushean					Late Pliocene					2.58
		Zanclean					Yushean					Early Pliocene					3.6
		Zanclean					Baodean					Early Pliocene					4.9
	Miocene	Messinian										Late Miocene					5.333
		Tortonian															7.246
		Tortonian					Tunggurian										11.1
		Serravallian					Tunggurian					Middle Miocene					11.63
		Langhian					Shanwangian					Middle Miocene					13.82
		Burdigalian					Shanwangian					Early Miocene					15.98
		Burdigalian					Xiejiaan										16.9
		Aquitanian					Xiejiaan										20.44
Paleogene	Oligocene	Chattian										Late Oligocene	Tabenbulakian	Hsandagolian			23.03
	Oligocene	Rupelian										Early Oligocene	Kekeamuan	Hsandagolian			27.82
	Eocene	Priabonian										Late Eocene	Houldjinian/Ergilian/Ulangochuian				33.9
		Bartonian										Middle Eocene	Sharamurunian/Irdinmanhan/Arshantan				37.71
		Lutetian										Middle Eocene					41.2
		Ypresian										Early Eocene		Bumbanian			47.8
	Paleocene	Thanetian										Late Paleocene	Gashatan				56
		Selandian										Middle Paleocene					59.2
		Danian										Early Paleocene					61.6
Cretaceous	Late Cretaceous	Maastrichtian														Lancian/Edmontonian	66
		Campanian														Judithian/Aquilan	72.1
		Santonian															83.6
		Coniacian															86.3
		Turonian															89.8
		Cenomanian															93.9
	Early Cretaceous	Albian															100.5
		Aptian															113
		Barremian															121.4
		Hauterivian															125.77
		Valanginian															132.6
		Berriasian															139.8
Jurassic	Late Jurassic	Tithonian															145
		Kimmeridgian															149.2
		Oxfordian															154.8
	Middle Jurassic	Callovian															161.5
		Bathonian															165.3
		Bajocian															168.2
		Aalenian															170.9
	Early Jurassic	Toarcian															174.7
		Pliensbachian															184.2
		Sinemurian															192.9
		Hettangian															199.5
Triassic	Late Triassic	Rhaetian															201.4
		Norian															208.5
		Carnian															227
	Middle Triassic	Ladinian															237
	Middle Triassic	Anisian															242
	Early Triassic	Olenekian															247.2
	Early Triassic	Induan															251.2
Permian	Lopingian	Changhsingian													Meishanian		251.902
		Changhsingian													Baoqingian		253.4 *
		Wuchiapingian		Longtanian †											Laoshanian		254.14
		Wuchiapingian		Longtanian †											Laibinian		257.7 *
	Guadalupian	Capitanian													Lengwuan		259.51
		Wordian													Kuhfengian		264.28
		Roadian													Kuhfengian		266.9
	Cisuralian	Kungurian													Luodianian		273.01
		Artinskian													Luodianian		283.5
		Artinskian													Longlinian		285.4 *
		Sakmarian			290.1										Longlinian
		Asselian			Zisongian	293.52
Carboniferous	Pennsylvanian	Gzhelian			Zisongian	298.9
		Gzhelian				300.1
		Kasimovian				303.7
		Moscovian				307
		Bashkirian				315.2
	Mississippian	Serpukhovian				323.2
		Visean				330.9
		Tournaisian				346.7
Devonian	Late Devonian	Famennian				358.9
	Late Devonian	Frasnian				372.2
	Middle Devonian	Givetian				Srbsko		382.7
	Middle Devonian	Eifelian				Chotec		387.7
	Early Devonian	Emsian				Daleje/Zlichovian		393.3
		Pragian				Pragian	407.6
		Lochkovian				Lochkovian	410.8
Silurian	Pridoli					Cayugan		419.2
	Pridoli					Niagaran		422.5 *
	Ludlow	Ludfordian						423
	Ludlow	Gorstian						425.6
	Wenlock	Homerian						Lockportian	427.4
	Wenlock	Sheinwoodian							430.5
	Llandovery	Telychian						Ontarian	433.4
		Aeronian	438.5
			Alexandrian						438.7 *
						Medinan		Clinton	440.1 *
									440.7 *
		Rhuddanian							440.8
Ordovician	Late Ordovician	Hirnantian							Harju	Porkuni	443.8
		Katian								Pirgu	445.2
										Vormsi	449.6 *
										Nabala	Johvi †	450 *
									Viru	Rakvere		450.6 *
										Oandu		452 *
		Sandbian								Keila	Idavere †	453
										Haljala		453.9
										Kukruse		456.4 *
										Uhaku	Aluoja †	457.5 *
	Middle Ordovician	Darriwilian								Uhaku		458.4
										Lasnamagi		458.9 *
										Aseri		460.4 *
									Oeland	Kunda		462.9 *
										Kunda	Valaste †/Hunderum	464.3 *
										Volkhov		Langevoja †/Vaana/Saka	467.1 *
		Dapingian								Volkhov			467.3
		Dapingian								Billingen			469.3 *
	Early Ordovician	Floian											470
											Latorp †		470.1 *
										Hunneberg			473.7 *
		Tremadocian								Hunneberg			477.7
										Varangu			481.3 *
										Pakerort			482.2 *
Cambrian	Furongian	Stage 10								Pakerort	Late Cambrian			485.4
														486.3 *
														486.5
		Jiangshanian												489.5
		Paibian												494
	Miaolingian	Guzhangian		Series 3 †							Middle Cambrian			497
		Drumian												500.5
		Wuliuan												Stage 5 †	504.5
	Series 2	Stage 4												Early Cambrian	509
	Series 2	Stage 3													514
	Terreneuvian	Stage 2													521
	Terreneuvian	Fortunian													529
																	538.8