PBDB Timescale

Obsolete Names for ICS Units

The interval definitions in this timescale are derived from the following sources:

W. B. Harland, R. L. Armstrong, A. V. Cox, L. E. Craig, A. G. Smith and D. G. Smith. 1990. A Geologic Time Scale 1989. view
K. M. Cohen, S.C. Finney, P.L. Gibbard and J.-X. Fan. 2023. The ICS International Chronostratigraphic Chart v2023/09. view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, and A. G. Smith. 2004. A Geologic Time Scale 2004 1-589 view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, M. D. Schmitz and G. M. Ogg. 2020. Geologic Time Scale 2020 view
M. Kretzoi. 1942. Necroteuthis n. g. (Ceph. Dibr., Necroteuthidae N. F.) aus dem Oligozän von Budapest und das system der Dibranchiata. Földtani Közlöny 72:125-238 view
J. Palfy, P. L. Smith, and J. K. Mortensen. 2000. A U-Pb and 40Ar/39Ar time scale for the Jurassic. Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences 37(6):923-944 view

There are 55 timescales which overlap this one. show

Interval boundaries marked with * have been interpolated based on the differences between the ages for international timescale boundaries quoted in the source and the currently accepted ages for those boundaries.

Interval names marked with † are no longer in current use.

This timescale is used in the definition of 92 collections

Show more time

Show linear time

International Chronostratigraphic Timescale			Obsolete Names for ICS Units			Cambrian Epochs	Ordovician of North America					Carboniferous of Western Europe		Silurian of the Baltic	Obsolete Carboniferous Ages of China	Carboniferous of China	Ammonite Chrons of North America
Neogene	Pliocene	Piacenzian	Tertiary †																	2.58
	Pliocene	Zanclean																		3.6
	Miocene	Messinian																		5.333
		Tortonian																		7.246
		Serravallian																		11.63
		Langhian																		13.82
		Burdigalian																		15.98
		Aquitanian																		20.44
Paleogene	Oligocene	Chattian																		23.03
	Oligocene	Rupelian																		27.82
	Eocene	Priabonian																		33.9
		Bartonian																		37.71
		Lutetian																		41.2
		Ypresian																		47.8
	Paleocene	Thanetian																		56
		Selandian																		59.2
		Danian																		61.6
Cretaceous	Late Cretaceous	Maastrichtian																		66
		Campanian																		72.1
		Santonian																		83.6
		Coniacian																		86.3
		Turonian																		89.8
		Cenomanian																		93.9
	Early Cretaceous	Albian																		100.5
		Aptian																		113
		Barremian																		121.4
		Hauterivian																		125.77
		Valanginian																		132.6
		Berriasian																		139.8
Jurassic	Late Jurassic	Tithonian																		145
		Kimmeridgian																		149.2
		Oxfordian																		154.8
	Middle Jurassic	Callovian																		161.5
		Bathonian																		165.3
		Bajocian															Epizigzagiceras			168.2
		Bajocian															Rotundum/Oblatum/Kirschneri/Crassicostatus/Widebayense			168.4
		Aalenian															Howelli/Scissum/Westermanni			170.9
	Early Jurassic	Toarcian															Yakounensis/Hillebrandti/Crassicosta			174.7
																	Planulata			179.3 *
																	Planulata		Arnioceras arnouldi	179.8 *
																	Kanense			181.3 *
																	Carlottense			182.3 *
																	Kunae			183.5 *
		Pliensbachian															Kunae			184.2
																	Freboldi			185.1 *
																	Whiteavesi/Imlayi	Tetraspidoceras		186.2 *
																		Tetraspidoceras		189.2 *
																	Plesechioceras harbledownense/Asteroceras varians/Coroniceras	Canadensis		190.3 *
		Sinemurian																		192.9
																	Pseudaetomoceras		Psiloceras	196.4 *
																	Franziceras/Euphyllites			196.5 *
		Hettangian															Franziceras/Euphyllites			199.5
Triassic	Late Triassic	Rhaetian																		201.4
		Norian																		208.5
		Carnian																		227
	Middle Triassic	Ladinian																		237
	Middle Triassic	Anisian																		242
	Early Triassic	Olenekian																		247.2
	Early Triassic	Induan																		251.2
Permian	Lopingian	Changhsingian																		251.902
	Lopingian	Wuchiapingian		Longtanian †																254.14
	Guadalupian	Capitanian																		259.51
		Wordian																		264.28
		Roadian																		266.9
	Cisuralian	Kungurian			273.01
		Artinskian			283.5
		Sakmarian			290.1
		Asselian			293.52
		Asselian			Kuzel	297.7
Carboniferous	Pennsylvanian	Gzhelian				Mapingian †	298.9
							Xiaodushanian	300 *
					Stephanian			Stephanian C	300.3 *
								Stephanian B	300.9 *
								Stephanian A	301.4 *
		Kasimovian						Stephanian A	303.7
								Cantabrian	305 *
							Dalaun		305.8 *
									305.9
		Moscovian							307
					Westphalian			Westphalian D	307.4 *
								Westphalian C	309.8
			Westphalian B					314.6
		Bashkirian	Westphalian B					315.2
			Westphalian A					317 *
			Westphalian A				Huashibanian	318.5 *
			Namurian		Yeadonian			318.8 *
					Marsdenian			320.2 *
					Marsdenian		Lousuan	321.2 *
					Kinderscoutian			321.5 *
					Alportian			322 *
					Chokierian			323.1 *
	Mississippian	Serpukhovian			Chokierian		Dewunian	323.2
					Arnsbergian			324 *
					Pendleian			327.4 *
					Pendleian		Shangsian	330.8 *
		Visean	Warnantian		Brigantian †		Shangsian	330.9
			Warnantian		Brigantian †		Jiusian	335 *
			Livian		Asbian †			336.3 *
			Moliniacian		Holkerian †/Arundian/Chadian			340.2 *
		Tournaisian	Ivorian				Tangbagouan	346.7
		Tournaisian	Hastarian				Tangbagouan	353.7 *
Devonian	Late Devonian	Famennian						358.9
	Late Devonian	Frasnian						372.2
	Middle Devonian	Givetian						382.7
	Middle Devonian	Eifelian						387.7
	Early Devonian	Emsian						393.3
		Pragian						407.6
		Lochkovian						410.8
Silurian	Pridoli							Ohesaare	419.2
	Pridoli							Kaugetuma	421.7 *
	Ludlow	Ludfordian						Kuressaare	423
		Ludfordian						Paadla	423.4 *
		Gorstian						Paadla	425.6
	Wenlock	Homerian						Rootsikula	427.4
		Homerian						Jaagarahu	429.2 *
		Sheinwoodian						Jaagarahu	430.5
		Sheinwoodian						Jaani	431.8 *
	Llandovery	Telychian						Jaani	433.4
		Telychian						Adavere	434 *
		Aeronian						Adavere	438.5
		Aeronian						Raikkula	439.4 *
		Rhuddanian						Raikkula	440.8
		Rhuddanian						Juuru	441.4 *
Ordovician	Late Ordovician	Hirnantian						Cincinnatian	Gamachian	Kosovian	443.8
		Katian							Gamachian	Kralodvorian	Bohdalec †	445.2
				Richmondian					446 *	Kralodvorian
				Richmondian					Berounian	449.7 *
				Maysvillian						Rocklandian †/Shermanian/Ashbyan/Kirkfieldian/Blackriveran/Wildernessian/Trentonian/Franklinian		449.8 *
				Edenian								450.4 *
				Mohawkian				Chatfieldian				451.1 *
		Sandbian						Chatfieldian				453
								Turinian				453.7 *
								Turinian				Zahorany †/Vinice	Letna †	456.2 *
				Whiterockian						Canadian †		Zahorany †/Vinice		Chazyan †/Marmor	457 *
											Liben †				458 *
	Middle Ordovician	Darriwilian													458.4
									Dobrotivian						458.5 *
									Oretanian						459.7 *
											Sarka †				461.7 *
		Dapingian									Klabava †				467.3
									Arenigian						468
						Rangerian		469.1 *
	Early Ordovician	Floian		Ibexian		Blackhillsian		Jeffersonian †						Cassinian †	470
		Floian				Tulean									473.9 *
		Tremadocian				Tulean			Tremadocian						477.7
						Stairsian									480.3 *
						Skullrockian								Demingian †	482 *
Cambrian	Furongian	Stage 10				Skullrockian		Late Cambrian								485.4
		Stage 10														487.5
		Jiangshanian														489.5
		Paibian														494
	Miaolingian	Guzhangian						Series 3 †								Middle Cambrian	497
		Drumian															500.5
		Wuliuan															Stage 5 †	504.5
	Series 2	Stage 4															Early Cambrian	509
	Series 2	Stage 3																514
	Terreneuvian	Stage 2																521
	Terreneuvian	Fortunian																529
																				538.8