PBDB Timescale

Obsolete Names for ICS Units

The interval definitions in this timescale are derived from the following sources:

W. B. Harland, R. L. Armstrong, A. V. Cox, L. E. Craig, A. G. Smith and D. G. Smith. 1990. A Geologic Time Scale 1989. view
K. M. Cohen, S.C. Finney, P.L. Gibbard and J.-X. Fan. 2023. The ICS International Chronostratigraphic Chart v2023/09. view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, and A. G. Smith. 2004. A Geologic Time Scale 2004 1-589 view
J. Palfy, P. L. Smith, and J. K. Mortensen. 2000. A U-Pb and 40Ar/39Ar time scale for the Jurassic. Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences 37(6):923-944 view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, M. D. Schmitz and G. M. Ogg. 2020. Geologic Time Scale 2020 view

There are 55 timescales which overlap this one. show

Interval boundaries marked with * have been interpolated based on the differences between the ages for international timescale boundaries quoted in the source and the currently accepted ages for those boundaries.

Interval names marked with † are no longer in current use.

This timescale is used in the definition of 92 collections

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International Chronostratigraphic Timescale			Obsolete Names for ICS Units			Cambrian Epochs	Ammonite Chrons of Northwest Europe		Carboniferous Subepochs	Cambrian of North America		Permian of North America		Obsolete Carboniferous Ages of China
Neogene	Pliocene	Piacenzian	Tertiary †												2.58
	Pliocene	Zanclean													3.6
	Miocene	Messinian													5.333
		Tortonian													7.246
		Serravallian													11.63
		Langhian													13.82
		Burdigalian													15.98
		Aquitanian													20.44
Paleogene	Oligocene	Chattian													23.03
	Oligocene	Rupelian													27.82
	Eocene	Priabonian													33.9
		Bartonian													37.71
		Lutetian													41.2
		Ypresian													47.8
	Paleocene	Thanetian													56
		Selandian													59.2
		Danian													61.6
Cretaceous	Late Cretaceous	Maastrichtian													66
		Campanian													72.1
		Santonian													83.6
		Coniacian													86.3
		Turonian													89.8
		Cenomanian													93.9
	Early Cretaceous	Albian													100.5
		Aptian													113
		Barremian													121.4
		Hauterivian													125.77
		Valanginian													132.6
		Berriasian													139.8
Jurassic	Late Jurassic	Tithonian													145
		Kimmeridgian													149.2
		Oxfordian													154.8
	Middle Jurassic	Callovian													161.5
		Bathonian													165.3
		Bajocian					Parkinsoni/Garantiana/Subfurcatum/Sauzei/Laeviuscula/Discites								168.2
		Bajocian						Humphresianum							168.4
		Aalenian					Concavum/Murchisonae/Opalinum								170.9
	Early Jurassic	Toarcian					Levesquei/Variabilis/Bifrons	Thouarsense							174.7
							Levesquei/Variabilis/Bifrons								180.1
							Serpentinum/Falciferum/Tenuicostatum								182
		Pliensbachian					Spinatum/Margaritatus/Davoei/Ibex/Jamesoni								184.2
		Sinemurian					Raricostatum/Oxynotum/Obtusum/Turneri/Semicostatum/Bucklandi								192.9
		Hettangian					Angulata/Liasicus/Planorbis								199.5
Triassic	Late Triassic	Rhaetian													201.4
		Norian													208.5
		Carnian													227
	Middle Triassic	Ladinian													237
	Middle Triassic	Anisian													242
	Early Triassic	Olenekian													247.2
	Early Triassic	Induan													251.2
Permian	Lopingian	Changhsingian													251.902
	Lopingian	Wuchiapingian		Longtanian †											254.14
	Guadalupian	Capitanian										Capitanian			259.51
		Wordian										Wordian			264.28
		Roadian										Roadian			266.9
	Cisuralian	Kungurian										Leonardian	Cathedralian		273.01
		Kungurian											Hessian		281.9 *
		Artinskian											Hessian		283.5
		Artinskian										Wolfcampian	Lenoxian		286.1 *
		Sakmarian											Lenoxian		290.1
		Asselian											Nealian		293.52
Carboniferous	Pennsylvanian	Gzhelian							Late Pennsylvanian					Mapingian †	298.9
		Kasimovian												Mapingian †	303.7
		Kasimovian													305.9
		Moscovian			Middle Pennsylvanian	307
		Bashkirian			Early Pennsylvanian	315.2
	Mississippian	Serpukhovian			Late Mississippian	323.2
		Visean			Middle Mississippian	330.9
		Tournaisian			Early Mississippian	346.7
Devonian	Late Devonian	Famennian				358.9
	Late Devonian	Frasnian				372.2
	Middle Devonian	Givetian				382.7
	Middle Devonian	Eifelian				387.7
	Early Devonian	Emsian				393.3
		Pragian				407.6
		Lochkovian				410.8
Silurian	Pridoli					419.2
	Ludlow	Ludfordian				423
	Ludlow	Gorstian				425.6
	Wenlock	Homerian				427.4
	Wenlock	Sheinwoodian				430.5
	Llandovery	Telychian	433.4
		Aeronian	438.5
		Rhuddanian	440.8
Ordovician	Late Ordovician	Hirnantian	443.8
		Katian	445.2
		Sandbian	453
	Middle Ordovician	Darriwilian	458.4
	Middle Ordovician	Dapingian	467.3
	Early Ordovician	Floian	470
	Early Ordovician	Tremadocian	477.7
Cambrian	Furongian	Stage 10	Late Cambrian			Franconian †/Dresbachian/Millardan			485.4
		Stage 10							Sunwaptan	487.5
		Jiangshanian							Sunwaptan	489.5
		Jiangshanian							Steptoean	493 *
		Paibian							Steptoean	494
	Miaolingian	Guzhangian	Series 3 †			Middle Cambrian			Marjumian	Albertian †	497
		Drumian							Marjumian		500.5
		Wuliuan		Stage 5 †					Topazan		504.5
		Wuliuan		Stage 5 †					Delamaran		506.5
	Series 2	Stage 4				Early Cambrian			Delamaran	Waucoban †	509
		Stage 4							Dyeran		511 *
		Stage 3						514	Dyeran
								Montezuman	514.8 *
								Begadean	519.9 *
	Terreneuvian	Stage 2							521
	Terreneuvian	Fortunian							529
															538.8