PBDB Timescale

Obsolete Names for ICS Units

The interval definitions in this timescale are derived from the following sources:

W. B. Harland, R. L. Armstrong, A. V. Cox, L. E. Craig, A. G. Smith and D. G. Smith. 1990. A Geologic Time Scale 1989. view
K. M. Cohen, S.C. Finney, P.L. Gibbard and J.-X. Fan. 2023. The ICS International Chronostratigraphic Chart v2023/09. view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, and A. G. Smith. 2004. A Geologic Time Scale 2004 1-589 view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, M. D. Schmitz and G. M. Ogg. 2020. Geologic Time Scale 2020 view
J. A. Lillegraven and M. C. McKenna. 1986. Fossil mammals from the "Mesaverde" Formation (Late Cretaceous, Judithian) of the Bighorn and Wind River basins, Wyoming, with definitions of Late Cretaceous North American Land-Mammal "Ages". American Museum Novitates 2840:1-68 view

There are 55 timescales which overlap this one. show

Interval boundaries marked with * have been interpolated based on the differences between the ages for international timescale boundaries quoted in the source and the currently accepted ages for those boundaries.

Interval names marked with † are no longer in current use.

This timescale is used in the definition of 92 collections

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International Chronostratigraphic Timescale			Obsolete Names for ICS Units			Cambrian Epochs	Ten Million Year Bins	Carboniferous of China	Cambrian of China		Cenozoic Subepochs	Silurian of England		Cretaceous North American Land-Mammal Ages	Obsolete Carboniferous Ages of China
Quaternary	Holocene	Meghalayan					Cenozoic 6									0
		Northgrippian														0.0042
		Greenlandian														0.0082
	Pleistocene	Late Pleistocene									Late Pleistocene					0.0117
		Chibanian									Middle Pleistocene					0.129
		Calabrian									Early Pleistocene					0.774
		Gelasian									Early Pleistocene					1.8
Neogene	Pliocene	Piacenzian	Tertiary †								Late Pliocene					2.58
	Pliocene	Zanclean									Early Pliocene					3.6
	Miocene	Messinian									Late Miocene					5.333
		Tortonian									Late Miocene					7.246
		Serravallian					Cenozoic 5				Middle Miocene					11.63
		Langhian									Middle Miocene					13.82
		Burdigalian									Early Miocene					15.98
		Aquitanian									Early Miocene					20.44
Paleogene	Oligocene	Chattian					Cenozoic 4				Late Oligocene					23.03
	Oligocene	Rupelian					Cenozoic 4				Early Oligocene					27.82
	Eocene	Priabonian					Cenozoic 3				Late Eocene					33.9
		Bartonian					Cenozoic 3				Middle Eocene					37.71
		Lutetian					Cenozoic 2				Middle Eocene					41.2
		Ypresian					Cenozoic 2				Early Eocene					47.8
	Paleocene	Thanetian					Cenozoic 1				Late Paleocene					56
		Selandian									Middle Paleocene					59.2
		Danian									Early Paleocene					61.6
Cretaceous	Late Cretaceous	Maastrichtian					Cretaceous 8							Lancian/Edmontonian		66
		Campanian					Cretaceous 7							Judithian/Aquilan		72.1
		Santonian					Cretaceous 6									83.6
		Coniacian														86.3
		Turonian														89.8
		Cenomanian					Cretaceous 5									93.9
	Early Cretaceous	Albian					Cretaceous 4									100.5
		Aptian					Cretaceous 3									113
		Barremian					Cretaceous 2									121.4
		Hauterivian					Cretaceous 2									125.77
		Valanginian					Cretaceous 1									132.6
		Berriasian					Cretaceous 1									139.8
Jurassic	Late Jurassic	Tithonian					Jurassic 6									145
		Kimmeridgian					Jurassic 5									149.2
		Oxfordian														154.8
	Middle Jurassic	Callovian														161.5
		Bathonian					Jurassic 4									165.3
		Bajocian					Jurassic 4									168.2
		Aalenian					Jurassic 3									170.9
	Early Jurassic	Toarcian					Jurassic 3									174.7
		Pliensbachian					Jurassic 2									184.2
		Sinemurian					Jurassic 1									192.9
		Hettangian					Jurassic 1									199.5
Triassic	Late Triassic	Rhaetian					Triassic 4									201.4
		Norian					Triassic 4									208.5
		Carnian					Triassic 3									227
	Middle Triassic	Ladinian					Triassic 2									237
	Middle Triassic	Anisian					Triassic 2									242
	Early Triassic	Olenekian					Triassic 1									247.2
	Early Triassic	Induan					Triassic 1									251.2
Permian	Lopingian	Changhsingian					Permian 4									251.902
	Lopingian	Wuchiapingian		Longtanian †												254.14
	Guadalupian	Capitanian														259.51
		Wordian														264.28
		Roadian					Permian 3									266.9
	Cisuralian	Kungurian					Permian 2									273.01
		Artinskian														283.5
		Sakmarian														290.1
		Asselian					Permian 1									293.52
Carboniferous	Pennsylvanian	Gzhelian					Carboniferous 5								Mapingian †	298.9
		Gzhelian			Xiaodushanian	300 *
		Kasimovian			Xiaodushanian	303.7
					Dalaun	305.8 *
								305.9
		Moscovian					Carboniferous 4	307
		Bashkirian						315.2
					Huashibanian			318.5 *
					Lousuan			321.2 *
	Mississippian	Serpukhovian			Carboniferous 3		Dewunian	323.2
		Serpukhovian			Carboniferous 3		Shangsian	330.8 *
		Visean			Carboniferous 2		Shangsian	330.9
		Visean			Carboniferous 2		Jiusian	335 *
		Tournaisian			Carboniferous 1		Tangbagouan	346.7
Devonian	Late Devonian	Famennian			Devonian 5			358.9
	Late Devonian	Frasnian			Devonian 4			372.2
	Middle Devonian	Givetian			Devonian 3			382.7
	Middle Devonian	Eifelian			Devonian 3			387.7
	Early Devonian	Emsian			Devonian 2			393.3
		Pragian			Devonian 1			407.6
		Lochkovian			Devonian 1			410.8
Silurian	Pridoli				Silurian 2			Red Downtonian/Temeside Shales/Downton Castle	Whitcliffe/Leintwardine	419.2
	Pridoli							Red Downtonian/Temeside Shales/Downton Castle	Bringewood/Elton	421.3
	Ludlow	Ludfordian						Coalbrookdale	Wenlock (England)/Tickwood	423
		Gorstian								425.6
		Gorstian	Buildwas						426.4 *
	Wenlock	Homerian	Buildwas						427.4
		Homerian	Wych					Woolhope	428.4 *
		Sheinwoodian							430.5
	Llandovery	Telychian			Silurian 1				433.4
		Telychian							436.3 *
		Aeronian							438.5
		Aeronian	Cowleigh Park						439.3 *
		Rhuddanian	Cowleigh Park						440.8
Ordovician	Late Ordovician	Hirnantian	Ordovician 5		Bolindian					443.8
		Katian			Bolindian					445.2
					Eastonian					449 *
					Gisbornian					452 *
		Sandbian	Ordovician 4		Gisbornian					453
	Middle Ordovician	Darriwilian	Ordovician 3		Darriwilian					458.4
		Dapingian	Ordovician 2		Yapeenian					467.3
		Dapingian			Castlemainian					468.5 *
	Early Ordovician	Floian			Chewtonian					470
					Bendigonian					471.8 *
					Lancefieldian					473.5 *
		Tremadocian	Ordovician 1		Lancefieldian					477.7
		Tremadocian	Ordovician 1		Warendian					482.8 *
Cambrian	Furongian	Stage 10	Late Cambrian		Cambrian 5					Niuchehean	Taoyuanian †	485.4
		Jiangshanian								Jiangshanian		489.5
		Paibian								Paibian		494
		Paibian								Paibian	Waergangian †/Youshuanian	494.9 *
	Miaolingian	Guzhangian	Series 3 †		Middle Cambrian					Cambrian 4	Guzhangian	Wangcunian †	497
		Drumian								Cambrian 4	Drumian	Wangcunian †	500.5
		Wuliuan		Stage 5 †						Cambrian 3	Wuliuan/Taijangian		504.5
	Series 2	Stage 4			Early Cambrian					Cambrian 3	Duyunian		509
	Series 2	Stage 3								Cambrian 2	Nangaoian		514
	Terreneuvian	Stage 2								Cambrian 2	Meishucunian		521
		Fortunian								Cambrian 1	Meishucunian		529
		Fortunian								Cambrian 1	Jinnigian		530.7
																538.8