PBDB Timescale

Obsolete Names for ICS Units

The interval definitions in this timescale are derived from the following sources:

W. B. Harland, R. L. Armstrong, A. V. Cox, L. E. Craig, A. G. Smith and D. G. Smith. 1990. A Geologic Time Scale 1989. view
K. M. Cohen, S.C. Finney, P.L. Gibbard and J.-X. Fan. 2023. The ICS International Chronostratigraphic Chart v2023/09. view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, M. D. Schmitz and G. M. Ogg. 2020. Geologic Time Scale 2020 view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, and A. G. Smith. 2004. A Geologic Time Scale 2004 1-589 view
A. D. Barnosky, M. Holmes, R. Kirchholtes, E. Lindsey, K.C. Maguire, A.W. Poust, M.A. Stegner, J. Sunseri, B. Swartz, J. Swift, N.A. Villavicencio and G. Wogan. 2014. Prelude to the Anthropocene: Two new North American Land Mammal Ages (NALMAs). The Anthropocene Review I(3):225-242 view

There are 55 timescales which overlap this one. show

Interval boundaries marked with * have been interpolated based on the differences between the ages for international timescale boundaries quoted in the source and the currently accepted ages for those boundaries.

Interval names marked with † are no longer in current use.

This timescale is used in the definition of 92 collections

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International Chronostratigraphic Timescale			Obsolete Names for ICS Units			Devonian Subages	Cambrian Epochs	North American Land Mammal Ages	Permian of Western Europe	Cambrian of North America
Quaternary	Holocene	Meghalayan						Saintaugustinean			0
		Meghalayan						Santarosean			0.0004
		Northgrippian									0.0042
		Greenlandian									0.0082
	Pleistocene	Late Pleistocene									0.0117
		Late Pleistocene						Rancholabrean			0.014
		Chibanian						Rancholabrean			0.129
		Chibanian						Irvingtonian			0.21
		Calabrian						Irvingtonian			0.774
		Calabrian						Blancan			1.4
		Gelasian									1.8
Neogene	Pliocene	Piacenzian	Tertiary †								2.58
		Zanclean									3.6
		Zanclean						Hemphillian			4.7
	Miocene	Messinian									5.333
		Tortonian									7.246
		Tortonian						Clarendonian			9.4
		Serravallian						Clarendonian			11.63
		Serravallian						Barstovian			12.5
		Langhian									13.82
		Burdigalian									15.98
								Hemingfordian			16.3
								Arikareean			18.5
		Aquitanian									20.44
Paleogene	Oligocene	Chattian									23.03
		Rupelian									27.82
								Whitneyan			29.5
								Orellan			31.8
	Eocene	Priabonian						Chadronian			33.9
		Priabonian						Duchesnean			37
		Bartonian						Duchesnean			37.71
		Bartonian						Uintan			39.7
		Lutetian						Uintan			41.2
		Lutetian						Bridgerian			46.2
		Ypresian						Bridgerian			47.8
								Wasatchian			50.5
								Clarkforkian			54.9
	Paleocene	Thanetian						Clarkforkian			56
		Thanetian						Tiffanian			56.2
		Selandian						Tiffanian			59.2
		Selandian						Torrejonian			60.9
		Danian						Torrejonian			61.6
		Danian						Puercan			63.8
Cretaceous	Late Cretaceous	Maastrichtian									66
		Campanian									72.1
		Santonian									83.6
		Coniacian									86.3
		Turonian									89.8
		Cenomanian									93.9
	Early Cretaceous	Albian									100.5
		Aptian									113
		Barremian									121.4
		Hauterivian									125.77
		Valanginian									132.6
		Berriasian									139.8
Jurassic	Late Jurassic	Tithonian									145
		Kimmeridgian									149.2
		Oxfordian									154.8
	Middle Jurassic	Callovian									161.5
		Bathonian									165.3
		Bajocian									168.2
		Aalenian									170.9
	Early Jurassic	Toarcian									174.7
		Pliensbachian									184.2
		Sinemurian		192.9
		Hettangian		199.5
Triassic	Late Triassic	Rhaetian		201.4
		Norian		208.5
		Carnian		227
	Middle Triassic	Ladinian		237
	Middle Triassic	Anisian		242
	Early Triassic	Olenekian		247.2
	Early Triassic	Induan		251.2
Permian	Lopingian	Changhsingian		251.902
	Lopingian	Wuchiapingian		Longtanian †	Zechstein	254.14
	Guadalupian	Capitanian			Rotliegendes	259.51
		Wordian				264.28
		Roadian				266.9
	Cisuralian	Kungurian				273.01
		Artinskian			Autunian	283.5
		Sakmarian				290.1
		Asselian				293.52
Carboniferous	Pennsylvanian	Gzhelian				298.9
		Kasimovian				303.7
		Moscovian				307
		Bashkirian				315.2
	Mississippian	Serpukhovian				323.2
		Visean				330.9
		Tournaisian				346.7
Devonian	Late Devonian	Famennian				Late Famennian	358.9
						Middle Famennian	365.3 *
						Early Famennian	368.5 *
		Frasnian				Late Frasnian	372.2
						Middle Frasnian	375.4 *
						Early Frasnian	379.3 *
	Middle Devonian	Givetian				Late Givetian	382.7
						Middle Givetian	383.7 *
						Early Givetian	385.9 *
		Eifelian				Late Eifelian	387.7
		Eifelian				Early Eifelian	390.3 *
	Early Devonian	Emsian				Late Emsian	393.3
		Emsian				Early Emsian	398.3 *
		Pragian				Pragian	407.6
		Lochkovian				Late Lochkovian	410.8
						Middle Lochkovian	412.8 *
						Early Lochkovian	415.6 *
Silurian	Pridoli						419.2
	Ludlow	Ludfordian	423
	Ludlow	Gorstian	425.6
	Wenlock	Homerian	427.4
	Wenlock	Sheinwoodian	430.5
	Llandovery	Telychian	433.4
		Aeronian	438.5
		Rhuddanian	440.8
Ordovician	Late Ordovician	Hirnantian	443.8
		Katian	445.2
		Sandbian	453
	Middle Ordovician	Darriwilian	458.4
	Middle Ordovician	Dapingian	467.3
	Early Ordovician	Floian	470
	Early Ordovician	Tremadocian	477.7
Cambrian	Furongian	Stage 10	Late Cambrian				Franconian †/Dresbachian/Millardan	485.4
		Stage 10						Sunwaptan	487.5
		Jiangshanian						Sunwaptan	489.5
		Jiangshanian						Steptoean	493 *
		Paibian						Steptoean	494
	Miaolingian	Guzhangian	Series 3 †				Middle Cambrian	Marjumian	Albertian †	497
		Drumian						Marjumian		500.5
		Wuliuan		Stage 5 †				Topazan		504.5
		Wuliuan		Stage 5 †				Delamaran		506.5
	Series 2	Stage 4					Early Cambrian	Delamaran	Waucoban †	509
		Stage 4						Dyeran		511 *
		Stage 3						Dyeran		514
								Montezuman		514.8 *
								Begadean		519.9 *
	Terreneuvian	Stage 2								521
	Terreneuvian	Fortunian								529
											538.8