PBDB Timescale

Obsolete Names for ICS Units

The interval definitions in this timescale are derived from the following sources:

W. B. Harland, R. L. Armstrong, A. V. Cox, L. E. Craig, A. G. Smith and D. G. Smith. 1990. A Geologic Time Scale 1989. view
K. M. Cohen, S.C. Finney, P.L. Gibbard and J.-X. Fan. 2023. The ICS International Chronostratigraphic Chart v2023/09. view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, M. D. Schmitz and G. M. Ogg. 2020. Geologic Time Scale 2020 view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, and A. G. Smith. 2004. A Geologic Time Scale 2004 1-589 view
D. H. Erwin and S. A. Bowring. 2004. Cambrian time scale. view
B. D. Webby. 1998. Steps toward a global standard for Ordovician stratigraphy. Newsletters in Stratigraphy 36:1-33 view
F. F. Steininger, W. A. Berggren, D. V. Kent, R. L. Bernor, S. Sen and J. Agusti. 1996. Circum-Mediterranean Neogene (Miocene and Pliocene) marine-continental chronologic correlations of European mammal units. The Evolution of Western Eurasian Neogene Mammal Faunas (eds. R. L. Bernor, V. Fahlbusch, and H.-W. Mittmann) view
J. I. Raine, A. G. Beu, A. F. Boyes, H. J. Campbell, R. A. Cooper, J. S. Crampton, M. P. Crundwell, C. J. Hollis, and H. E. G. Morgans. 2015. Revised Calibration of the New Zealand Geological Timescale: NZGT2015/1. GNS Science Report 2012(39) view
Z.-X. Qiu and Z.-D. Qiu. 1995. Chronological sequence and subdivision of Chinese Neogene mammalian faunas. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology 116(1-2):41-70 view

There are 55 timescales which overlap this one. show

Interval boundaries marked with * have been interpolated based on the differences between the ages for international timescale boundaries quoted in the source and the currently accepted ages for those boundaries.

Interval names marked with † are no longer in current use.

This timescale is used in the definition of 92 collections

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International Chronostratigraphic Timescale			Obsolete Names for ICS Units			Devonian Subages	Cenozoic Subepochs	Cambrian of Siberia			Ordovician of the Baltic			Cambrian of North America		European Faunal Zones	Cretaceous-Cenozoic of New Zealand		Neogene Mammal Ages of China
Quaternary	Holocene	Meghalayan															Wanganui	Haweran		0
		Northgrippian																		0.0042
		Greenlandian																		0.0082
	Pleistocene	Late Pleistocene					Late Pleistocene												Nihewanian	0.0117
		Chibanian					Middle Pleistocene													0.129
		Chibanian					Middle Pleistocene											Castlecliffian		0.34
		Calabrian					Early Pleistocene											Castlecliffian		0.774
		Calabrian																Nukumaruan		1.63
		Gelasian														MN 17		Nukumaruan		1.8
		Gelasian														MN 17		Mangapanian		2.4
Neogene	Pliocene	Piacenzian	Tertiary †				Late Pliocene									MN 16		Mangapanian	Yushean	2.58
																MN 16		Waipipian		3
																MN 15				3.2
		Zanclean					Early Pliocene													3.6
																		Opoitian		3.7
																MN 14				4.2
																MN 13			Baodean	4.9
	Miocene	Messinian					Late Miocene										Taranaki	Kapitean		5.333
		Messinian																Tongaporutuan		7.2
		Tortonian														MN 12				7.246
																MN 11				7.75
																MN 10				8.7
																MN 9				9.7
																MN 9	Southland	Waiauan		11.04
																MN 7 + 8			Tunggurian	11.1
		Serravallian					Middle Miocene									MN 7 + 8				11.63
																MN 6				12.8 *
																MN 6		Lillburnian		13.05
		Langhian														MN 5		Lillburnian	Shanwangian	13.82
																		Clifdenian		15.1
																	Pareora	Altonian		15.9
		Burdigalian					Early Miocene									MN 4				15.98
																MN 3			Xiejiaan	16.9
																MN 3		Otaian		18.7
																MN 2				20
		Aquitanian																		20.44
																	Landon	Waitakian		21.7
																MN 1				22.4
Paleogene	Oligocene	Chattian					Late Oligocene													23.03
																		Duntroonian		25.2
																		Whaingaroan		27.3
		Rupelian					Early Oligocene													27.82
	Eocene	Priabonian					Late Eocene													33.9
																	Arnold	Runangan		34.6
																		Kaiatan		36.7
		Bartonian					Middle Eocene											Kaiatan		37.71
		Bartonian																Bortonian		39.1
		Lutetian																Bortonian		41.2
																	Dannevirke	Porangan		42.6
																		Heretaungan		45.7
		Ypresian					Early Eocene											Heretaungan		47.8
																		Mangaorapan		48.9
																		Waipawan		52
	Paleocene	Thanetian					Late Paleocene											Teurian		56
		Selandian					Middle Paleocene													59.2
		Danian					Early Paleocene													61.6
Cretaceous	Late Cretaceous	Maastrichtian															Mata	Haumurian		66
		Campanian																Haumurian		72.1
		Santonian																Piripauan		83.6
		Santonian															Raukumara	Teratan		86.1
		Coniacian																		86.3
		Turonian																		89.8
																		Mangaotanean		90.5
																		Arowhanan		93.7
		Cenomanian		93.9														Arowhanan
				Clarence	Ngaterian	95.2
					Motuan	99.5
	Early Cretaceous	Albian			Motuan	100.5
					Urutawan	103.3
				Taitai	Korangan	108.4
		Aptian			Korangan	113
		Aptian				117.5
		Barremian				121.4
		Hauterivian				125.77
		Valanginian				132.6
		Berriasian				139.8
Jurassic	Late Jurassic	Tithonian				145
		Kimmeridgian				149.2
		Oxfordian				154.8
	Middle Jurassic	Callovian				161.5
		Bathonian				165.3
		Bajocian				168.2
		Aalenian				170.9
	Early Jurassic	Toarcian				174.7
		Pliensbachian				184.2
		Sinemurian				192.9
		Hettangian				199.5
Triassic	Late Triassic	Rhaetian				201.4
		Norian				208.5
		Carnian				227
	Middle Triassic	Ladinian				237
	Middle Triassic	Anisian				242
	Early Triassic	Olenekian				247.2
	Early Triassic	Induan				251.2
Permian	Lopingian	Changhsingian				Dorashamian		251.902
	Lopingian	Wuchiapingian				Longtanian †		Dzhulfian	254.14
	Guadalupian	Capitanian						Midian	Capitanian	259.51
		Wordian						Midian	Wordian	264.28
		Wordian						Murgabian	Wordian	266.2 *
		Roadian						Murgabian	Roadian	266.9
	Cisuralian	Kungurian						Kubergandian	Leonardian	Cathedralian	273.01
								Bolorian		Cathedralian	279.8
										Hessian	281.9 *
		Artinskian									283.5
								Yakhtashian			286
								Yakhtashian	Wolfcampian	Lenoxian	286.1 *
		Sakmarian						Sakmarian		Lenoxian	290.1
		Asselian						Asselian		Nealian	293.52
Carboniferous	Pennsylvanian	Gzhelian									298.9
		Kasimovian									303.7
		Moscovian									307
		Bashkirian									315.2
	Mississippian	Serpukhovian									323.2
		Visean									330.9
		Tournaisian									346.7
Devonian	Late Devonian	Famennian									Late Famennian	358.9
											Middle Famennian	365.3 *
											Early Famennian	368.5 *
		Frasnian									Late Frasnian	372.2
											Middle Frasnian	375.4 *
			Early Frasnian				379.3 *
	Middle Devonian	Givetian	Late Givetian				382.7
			Middle Givetian				383.7 *
			Early Givetian				385.9 *
		Eifelian	Late Eifelian				387.7
		Eifelian	Early Eifelian				390.3 *
	Early Devonian	Emsian	Late Emsian				393.3
		Emsian	Early Emsian				398.3 *
		Pragian	Pragian				407.6
		Lochkovian	Late Lochkovian				410.8
			Middle Lochkovian				412.8 *
			Early Lochkovian				415.6 *
Silurian	Pridoli						419.2
	Ludlow	Ludfordian					423
	Ludlow	Gorstian					425.6
	Wenlock	Homerian			427.4
	Wenlock	Sheinwoodian			430.5
	Llandovery	Telychian			433.4
		Aeronian			438.5
		Rhuddanian			440.8
Ordovician	Late Ordovician	Hirnantian		Harju	Porkuni		443.8
		Katian			Pirgu		445.2
					Vormsi		449.6 *
					Nabala		Johvi †				450 *
				Viru	Rakvere						450.6 *
					Oandu						452 *
		Sandbian			Keila		Idavere †				453
					Haljala						453.9
					Kukruse						456.4 *
					Uhaku		Aluoja †				457.5 *
	Middle Ordovician	Darriwilian			Uhaku						458.4
					Lasnamagi						458.9 *
					Aseri						460.4 *
				Oeland	Kunda						462.9 *
					Kunda		Valaste †/Hunderum				464.3 *
					Volkhov						Langevoja †/Vaana/Saka	467.1 *
		Dapingian			Volkhov							467.3
		Dapingian			Billingen							469.3 *
	Early Ordovician	Floian										470
							Latorp †					470.1 *
					Hunneberg	473.7 *
		Tremadocian			Hunneberg	477.7
					Varangu	481.3 *
					Pakerort	482.2 *
						Mansian †						483.55 *
Cambrian	Furongian	Stage 10				Batyrbaian	Tavgian †					Ketyan †/Yurakian	Franconian †/Dresbachian/Millardan	485.4
														486.3 *
														486.5
														Sunwaptan	487.5
		Jiangshanian													489.5
						Aksaian									490.7 *
						Sakian									492.2 *
								Steptoean	493 *
		Paibian							494
		Paibian							Ensyan †/Maduan/Nganasanian	494.7 *
	Miaolingian	Guzhangian				Series 3 †	Ayusokkanian			Marjumian		Albertian †	497
		Guzhangian					Mayan/Menevian						499.5
		Drumian					Mayan/Menevian						500.5
		Wuliuan					Stage 5 †			Amgan/Solvan			Topazan	504.5
		Wuliuan					Stage 5 †						Delamaran	506.5
	Series 2	Stage 4										Waucoban †		509
								Toyonian		Lenian †				510 *
								Toyonian					Dyeran	511 *
								Botomian						512.5 *
		Stage 3												514
													Montezuman	514.8 *
								Atdabanian					Montezuman	515.6 *
								Atdabanian					Begadean	519.9 *
	Terreneuvian	Stage 2						Tommotian						521
		Stage 2						Nemakit-Daldynian						525.5
		Fortunian						Nemakit-Daldynian		Manykaian †				529
																				538.8