PBDB Timescale

Obsolete Names for ICS Units

The interval definitions in this timescale are derived from the following sources:

W. B. Harland, R. L. Armstrong, A. V. Cox, L. E. Craig, A. G. Smith and D. G. Smith. 1990. A Geologic Time Scale 1989. view
K. M. Cohen, S.C. Finney, P.L. Gibbard and J.-X. Fan. 2023. The ICS International Chronostratigraphic Chart v2023/09. view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, M. D. Schmitz and G. M. Ogg. 2020. Geologic Time Scale 2020 view
J. I. Raine, A. G. Beu, A. F. Boyes, H. J. Campbell, R. A. Cooper, J. S. Crampton, M. P. Crundwell, C. J. Hollis, and H. E. G. Morgans. 2015. Revised Calibration of the New Zealand Geological Timescale: NZGT2015/1. GNS Science Report 2012(39) view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, and A. G. Smith. 2004. A Geologic Time Scale 2004 1-589 view
A. G. Sennikov and V. K. Golubev. 2006. Vyazniki Biotic Assemblage of the Terminal Permian. Paleontological Journal 40(suppl. 4):S475-S481 view
D. H. Erwin and S. A. Bowring. 2004. Cambrian time scale. view
B. D. Webby. 1998. Steps toward a global standard for Ordovician stratigraphy. Newsletters in Stratigraphy 36:1-33 view

There are 55 timescales which overlap this one. show

Interval boundaries marked with * have been interpolated based on the differences between the ages for international timescale boundaries quoted in the source and the currently accepted ages for those boundaries.

Interval names marked with † are no longer in current use.

This timescale is used in the definition of 92 collections

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International Chronostratigraphic Timescale			Obsolete Names for ICS Units			Devonian Subages	Permian Subages of Germany	Permian-Jurassic of New Zealand		Cenozoic Subepochs	Permo-Triassic Subages of Eastern Europe	Cambrian of China		Cambrian of Siberia			Cretaceous Subepochs
Quaternary	Pleistocene	Late Pleistocene								Late Pleistocene								0.0117
		Chibanian								Middle Pleistocene								0.129
		Calabrian								Early Pleistocene								0.774
		Gelasian								Early Pleistocene								1.8
Neogene	Pliocene	Piacenzian	Tertiary †							Late Pliocene								2.58
	Pliocene	Zanclean								Early Pliocene								3.6
	Miocene	Messinian								Late Miocene								5.333
		Tortonian								Late Miocene								7.246
		Serravallian								Middle Miocene								11.63
		Langhian								Middle Miocene								13.82
		Burdigalian								Early Miocene								15.98
		Aquitanian								Early Miocene								20.44
Paleogene	Oligocene	Chattian								Late Oligocene								23.03
	Oligocene	Rupelian								Early Oligocene								27.82
	Eocene	Priabonian								Late Eocene								33.9
		Bartonian								Middle Eocene								37.71
		Lutetian								Middle Eocene								41.2
		Ypresian								Early Eocene								47.8
	Paleocene	Thanetian								Late Paleocene								56
		Selandian								Middle Paleocene								59.2
		Danian								Early Paleocene								61.6
Cretaceous	Late Cretaceous	Maastrichtian															Senonian	66
		Campanian																72.1
		Santonian																83.6
		Coniacian																86.3
		Turonian																89.8
		Cenomanian																93.9
	Early Cretaceous	Albian															Gallic	100.5
		Aptian																113
		Barremian																121.4
		Hauterivian															Neocomian	125.77
		Valanginian																132.6
		Berriasian																139.8
Jurassic	Late Jurassic	Tithonian						Oteke	Puaroan									145
		Kimmeridgian						Oteke	Puaroan									149.2
								Kawhia	Ohauan									150
									Heterian									154.5
		Oxfordian																154.8
	Middle Jurassic	Callovian																161.5
		Callovian							Temaikan									164.3
		Bathonian																165.3
		Bajocian																168.2
		Aalenian																170.9
	Early Jurassic	Toarcian																174.7
		Toarcian						Herangi	Ururoan									176
		Pliensbachian							Ururoan									184.2
		Pliensbachian							Aratauran									188.9
		Sinemurian																192.9
		Hettangian																199.5
Triassic	Late Triassic	Rhaetian						Balfour	Otapirian									201.4
		Norian							Warepan									208.5
									Otamitan									217
									Oretian									221
		Carnian							Oretian									227
		Carnian						Gore	Kaihikuan									227.5
	Middle Triassic	Ladinian							Kaihikuan									237
		Ladinian							Etalian									238
		Anisian							Etalian									242
		Anisian							Malakovian									246
	Early Triassic	Olenekian							Malakovian		Vokhmian							247.2
		Olenekian							Nelsonian									249
		Induan							Nelsonian									251.2
		Induan						DUrville	Makarewan									251.5
Permian	Lopingian	Changhsingian					Buntsandstein		Makarewan									251.902
		Changhsingian		Waiitian	253.2
		Wuchiapingian		Waiitian	Longtanian †	Late Vyatkian/Early Vyatkian			254.14
		Wuchiapingian		Puruhauan	Longtanian †	Late Vyatkian/Early Vyatkian			254.2
	Guadalupian	Capitanian			Ohre/Aller	Aparima	Flettian	Late Severodvinian/Early Severodvinian	259.51
		Wordian			Leine		Flettian	Late Urzhumian/Early Urzhumian	264.28
		Wordian			Leine		Barettian	Late Urzhumian/Early Urzhumian	266
		Roadian						Late Kazanian/Early Kazanian	266.9
	Cisuralian	Kungurian							273.01
		Kungurian					Mangapirian		276
		Artinskian					Mangapirian		283.5
							Telfordian		285
									288.5
		Sakmarian							290.1
		Asselian							293.52
Carboniferous	Pennsylvanian	Gzhelian							298.9
		Kasimovian							303.7
		Moscovian							307
		Bashkirian							315.2
	Mississippian	Serpukhovian							323.2
		Visean							330.9
		Tournaisian							346.7
Devonian	Late Devonian	Famennian	Late Famennian						358.9
			Middle Famennian						365.3 *
			Early Famennian						368.5 *
		Frasnian	Late Frasnian						372.2
			Middle Frasnian						375.4 *
			Early Frasnian						379.3 *
	Middle Devonian	Givetian	Late Givetian						382.7
			Middle Givetian						383.7 *
			Early Givetian						385.9 *
		Eifelian	Late Eifelian						387.7
		Eifelian	Early Eifelian						390.3 *
	Early Devonian	Emsian	Late Emsian						393.3
		Emsian	Early Emsian						398.3 *
		Pragian	Pragian						407.6
		Lochkovian	Late Lochkovian						410.8
			Middle Lochkovian						412.8 *
			Early Lochkovian						415.6 *
Silurian	Pridoli								419.2
	Ludlow	Ludfordian							423
	Ludlow	Gorstian							425.6
	Wenlock	Homerian							427.4
	Wenlock	Sheinwoodian							430.5
	Llandovery	Telychian							433.4
		Aeronian							438.5
		Rhuddanian							440.8
Ordovician	Late Ordovician	Hirnantian							Ashgill	Hirnantian	443.8
		Katian								Rawtheyan	445.2
										Cautleyan	448.9 *
										Pusgillian	449.3 *
									Caradoc	Streffordian	Onnian †	449.6 *
										Cheneyan		451.5 *
										Burrellian		452.7 *
		Sandbian										453
											Actonian †	453.2 *
											Marshbrookian †	Woolstonian †	454.2 *
											Longvillian †		455.2 *
										Aurelucian	Longvillian †		456.8 *
										Aurelucian	Soudleyan †/Harnagian/Costonian		457.4 *
	Middle Ordovician	Darriwilian							Llanvirn	Llandeilian/Llandeilo/Late Llandeilo/Middle Llandeilo/Early Llandeilo/Late Llanvirn			458.4
		Darriwilian								Abereiddian/Early Llanvirn			461.3 *
		Dapingian								Abereiddian/Early Llanvirn			467.3
		Dapingian							Arenig	Fennian			468.4 *
	Early Ordovician	Floian								Fennian			470
										Whitlandian			471.1 *
										Moridunian			474.3 *
		Tremadocian							Tremadoc	Migneintian			477.7
				Cressagian						480.8 *
				Cressagian						Mansian †			483.55 *
										Mansian †			485 *
Cambrian	Furongian	Stage 10			Niuchehean					Taoyuanian †			Batyrbaian	Tavgian †	Ketyan †/Yurakian	485.4
		Jiangshanian			Jiangshanian			489.5					Batyrbaian
								Aksaian					490.7 *
								Sakian					492.2 *
		Paibian			Paibian								494
						Ensyan †/Maduan/Nganasanian	494.7 *
						Ensyan †/Maduan/Nganasanian	Waergangian †/Youshuanian			494.9 *
	Miaolingian	Guzhangian			Series 3 †	Guzhangian	Wangcunian †	Ayusokkanian						497
		Guzhangian				Guzhangian		Mayan/Menevian						499.5
		Drumian				Drumian		Mayan/Menevian						500.5
		Wuliuan				Stage 5 †	Wuliuan/Taijangian							Amgan/Solvan	504.5
	Series 2	Stage 4					Duyunian							Amgan/Solvan	509
										Toyonian				Lenian †	510 *
										Botomian					512.5 *
		Stage 3					Nangaoian			Botomian					514
		Stage 3					Nangaoian			Atdabanian					515.6 *
	Terreneuvian	Stage 2					Meishucunian			Tommotian					521
		Stage 2								Nemakit-Daldynian					525.5
		Fortunian												Manykaian †	529
		Fortunian					Jinnigian							Manykaian †	530.7
																		538.8