PBDB Timescale

Obsolete Names for ICS Units

The interval definitions in this timescale are derived from the following sources:

W. B. Harland, R. L. Armstrong, A. V. Cox, L. E. Craig, A. G. Smith and D. G. Smith. 1990. A Geologic Time Scale 1989. view
K. M. Cohen, S.C. Finney, P.L. Gibbard and J.-X. Fan. 2023. The ICS International Chronostratigraphic Chart v2023/09. view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, M. D. Schmitz and G. M. Ogg. 2020. Geologic Time Scale 2020 view
A. D. Barnosky, M. Holmes, R. Kirchholtes, E. Lindsey, K.C. Maguire, A.W. Poust, M.A. Stegner, J. Sunseri, B. Swartz, J. Swift, N.A. Villavicencio and G. Wogan. 2014. Prelude to the Anthropocene: Two new North American Land Mammal Ages (NALMAs). The Anthropocene Review I(3):225-242 view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, and A. G. Smith. 2004. A Geologic Time Scale 2004 1-589 view
J. I. Raine, A. G. Beu, A. F. Boyes, H. J. Campbell, R. A. Cooper, J. S. Crampton, M. P. Crundwell, C. J. Hollis, and H. E. G. Morgans. 2015. Revised Calibration of the New Zealand Geological Timescale: NZGT2015/1. GNS Science Report 2012(39) view

There are 55 timescales which overlap this one. show

Interval boundaries marked with * have been interpolated based on the differences between the ages for international timescale boundaries quoted in the source and the currently accepted ages for those boundaries.

Interval names marked with † are no longer in current use.

This timescale is used in the definition of 92 collections

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International Chronostratigraphic Timescale			Obsolete Names for ICS Units			Devonian Subages	Ten Million Year Bins	North American Land Mammal Ages	Cambrian of North America		Cretaceous-Cenozoic of New Zealand
Quaternary	Holocene	Meghalayan					Cenozoic 6	Saintaugustinean			Wanganui	Haweran	0
		Meghalayan						Santarosean					0.0004
		Northgrippian											0.0042
		Greenlandian											0.0082
	Pleistocene	Late Pleistocene											0.0117
		Late Pleistocene						Rancholabrean					0.014
		Chibanian						Rancholabrean					0.129
								Irvingtonian					0.21
												Castlecliffian	0.34
		Calabrian											0.774
								Blancan					1.4
												Nukumaruan	1.63
		Gelasian										Nukumaruan	1.8
		Gelasian										Mangapanian	2.4
Neogene	Pliocene	Piacenzian	Tertiary †									Mangapanian	2.58
		Piacenzian										Waipipian	3
		Zanclean										Waipipian	3.6
												Opoitian	3.7
								Hemphillian				Opoitian	4.7
	Miocene	Messinian									Taranaki	Kapitean	5.333
		Messinian										Tongaporutuan	7.2
		Tortonian											7.246
								Clarendonian					9.4
											Southland	Waiauan	11.04
		Serravallian					Cenozoic 5						11.63
								Barstovian					12.5
												Lillburnian	13.05
		Langhian										Lillburnian	13.82
												Clifdenian	15.1
											Pareora	Altonian	15.9
		Burdigalian											15.98
								Hemingfordian					16.3
								Arikareean					18.5
												Otaian	18.7
		Aquitanian										Otaian	20.44
		Aquitanian									Landon	Waitakian	21.7
Paleogene	Oligocene	Chattian					Cenozoic 4					Waitakian	23.03
												Duntroonian	25.2
												Whaingaroan	27.3
		Rupelian											27.82
								Whitneyan					29.5
								Orellan					31.8
	Eocene	Priabonian					Cenozoic 3	Chadronian					33.9
											Arnold	Runangan	34.6
												Kaiatan	36.7
								Duchesnean					37
		Bartonian											37.71
												Bortonian	39.1
								Uintan					39.7
		Lutetian					Cenozoic 2						41.2
											Dannevirke	Porangan	42.6
												Heretaungan	45.7
								Bridgerian					46.2
		Ypresian											47.8
												Mangaorapan	48.9
								Wasatchian				Mangaorapan	50.5
								Wasatchian				Waipawan	52
								Clarkforkian				Waipawan	54.9
	Paleocene	Thanetian					Cenozoic 1	Clarkforkian				Teurian	56
		Thanetian						Tiffanian					56.2
		Selandian						Tiffanian					59.2
		Selandian						Torrejonian					60.9
		Danian						Torrejonian					61.6
		Danian						Puercan					63.8
Cretaceous	Late Cretaceous	Maastrichtian		Cretaceous 8		Mata	Haumurian	66
		Campanian		Cretaceous 7			Haumurian	72.1
		Santonian		Cretaceous 6			Piripauan	83.6
		Santonian				Raukumara	Teratan	86.1
		Coniacian						86.3
		Turonian						89.8
							Mangaotanean	90.5
							Arowhanan	93.7
		Cenomanian		Cretaceous 5			Arowhanan	93.9
						Clarence	Ngaterian	95.2
							Motuan	99.5
	Early Cretaceous	Albian		Cretaceous 4			Motuan	100.5
							Urutawan	103.3
						Taitai	Korangan	108.4
		Aptian		Cretaceous 3			Korangan	113
		Aptian		Cretaceous 3				117.5
		Barremian		Cretaceous 2				121.4
		Hauterivian		Cretaceous 2				125.77
		Valanginian		Cretaceous 1				132.6
		Berriasian		Cretaceous 1				139.8
Jurassic	Late Jurassic	Tithonian		Jurassic 6				145
		Kimmeridgian		Jurassic 5				149.2
		Oxfordian						154.8
	Middle Jurassic	Callovian						161.5
		Bathonian		Jurassic 4				165.3
		Bajocian		Jurassic 4				168.2
		Aalenian		Jurassic 3				170.9
	Early Jurassic	Toarcian		Jurassic 3				174.7
		Pliensbachian		Jurassic 2				184.2
		Sinemurian		Jurassic 1				192.9
		Hettangian		Jurassic 1				199.5
Triassic	Late Triassic	Rhaetian		Triassic 4				201.4
		Norian		Triassic 4				208.5
		Carnian		Triassic 3				227
	Middle Triassic	Ladinian		Triassic 2				237
	Middle Triassic	Anisian		Triassic 2				242
	Early Triassic	Olenekian		Triassic 1				247.2
	Early Triassic	Induan		Triassic 1				251.2
Permian	Lopingian	Changhsingian		Permian 4				251.902
	Lopingian	Wuchiapingian						Longtanian †	254.14
	Guadalupian	Capitanian							259.51
		Wordian							264.28
		Roadian		Permian 3					266.9
	Cisuralian	Kungurian		Permian 2					273.01
		Artinskian							283.5
		Sakmarian							290.1
		Asselian		Permian 1					293.52
Carboniferous	Pennsylvanian	Gzhelian		Carboniferous 5					298.9
		Gzhelian							Xiaodushanian	300 *
		Kasimovian							Xiaodushanian	303.7
		Kasimovian							Dalaun	305.8 *
		Moscovian		Carboniferous 4						307
		Bashkirian								315.2
									Huashibanian	318.5 *
									Lousuan	321.2 *
	Mississippian	Serpukhovian		Carboniferous 3					Dewunian	323.2
		Serpukhovian		Carboniferous 3					Shangsian	330.8 *
		Visean		Carboniferous 2					Shangsian	330.9
		Visean		Carboniferous 2					Jiusian	335 *
		Tournaisian		Carboniferous 1					Tangbagouan	346.7
Devonian	Late Devonian	Famennian		Late Famennian					Devonian 5		358.9
				Middle Famennian							365.3 *
				Early Famennian							368.5 *
		Frasnian		Late Frasnian					Devonian 4		372.2
			Middle Frasnian	375.4 *
			Early Frasnian	379.3 *
	Middle Devonian	Givetian	Late Givetian	Devonian 3	382.7
			Middle Givetian		383.7 *
			Early Givetian		385.9 *
		Eifelian	Late Eifelian		387.7
		Eifelian	Early Eifelian		390.3 *
	Early Devonian	Emsian	Late Emsian	Devonian 2	393.3
		Emsian	Early Emsian	Devonian 2	398.3 *
		Pragian	Pragian	Devonian 1	407.6
		Lochkovian	Late Lochkovian		410.8
			Middle Lochkovian		412.8 *
			Early Lochkovian		415.6 *
Silurian	Pridoli			Silurian 2	419.2
	Ludlow	Ludfordian			423
	Ludlow	Gorstian			425.6
	Wenlock	Homerian			427.4
	Wenlock	Sheinwoodian			430.5
	Llandovery	Telychian		Silurian 1	433.4
		Aeronian			438.5
		Rhuddanian			440.8
Ordovician	Late Ordovician	Hirnantian		Ordovician 5	443.8
		Katian		Ordovician 5	445.2
		Sandbian		Ordovician 4	453
	Middle Ordovician	Darriwilian		Ordovician 3	458.4
	Middle Ordovician	Dapingian		Ordovician 2	467.3
	Early Ordovician	Floian		Ordovician 2	470
	Early Ordovician	Tremadocian		Ordovician 1	477.7
Cambrian	Furongian	Stage 10		Cambrian 5	Franconian †/Dresbachian/Millardan	485.4
		Stage 10				Sunwaptan	487.5
		Jiangshanian				Sunwaptan	489.5
		Jiangshanian				Steptoean	493 *
		Paibian				Steptoean	494
	Miaolingian	Guzhangian		Series 3 †	Cambrian 4	Marjumian	Albertian †		497
		Drumian			Cambrian 4	Marjumian			500.5
		Wuliuan			Stage 5 †	Cambrian 3		Topazan	504.5
		Wuliuan			Stage 5 †			Delamaran	506.5
	Series 2	Stage 4					Waucoban †	Delamaran	509
		Stage 4						Dyeran	511 *
		Stage 3				Cambrian 2		Dyeran	514
								Montezuman	514.8 *
								Begadean	519.9 *
	Terreneuvian	Stage 2							521
	Terreneuvian	Fortunian				Cambrian 1			529
													538.8