PBDB Timescale

Obsolete Names for ICS Units

The interval definitions in this timescale are derived from the following sources:

W. B. Harland, R. L. Armstrong, A. V. Cox, L. E. Craig, A. G. Smith and D. G. Smith. 1990. A Geologic Time Scale 1989. view
K. M. Cohen, S.C. Finney, P.L. Gibbard and J.-X. Fan. 2023. The ICS International Chronostratigraphic Chart v2023/09. view
J. I. Raine, A. G. Beu, A. F. Boyes, H. J. Campbell, R. A. Cooper, J. S. Crampton, M. P. Crundwell, C. J. Hollis, and H. E. G. Morgans. 2015. Revised Calibration of the New Zealand Geological Timescale: NZGT2015/1. GNS Science Report 2012(39) view
M. Harzhauser and W. E. Piller. 2004. Integrated stratigraphy of the Sarmatian (Upper Middle Miocene) in the western Central Paratethys. Stratigraphy 1(1):65-86 view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, M. D. Schmitz and G. M. Ogg. 2020. Geologic Time Scale 2020 view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, and A. G. Smith. 2004. A Geologic Time Scale 2004 1-589 view
J. A. Lillegraven and M. C. McKenna. 1986. Fossil mammals from the "Mesaverde" Formation (Late Cretaceous, Judithian) of the Bighorn and Wind River basins, Wyoming, with definitions of Late Cretaceous North American Land-Mammal "Ages". American Museum Novitates 2840:1-68 view

There are 55 timescales which overlap this one. show

Interval boundaries marked with * have been interpolated based on the differences between the ages for international timescale boundaries quoted in the source and the currently accepted ages for those boundaries.

Interval names marked with † are no longer in current use.

This timescale is used in the definition of 92 collections

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International Chronostratigraphic Timescale			Obsolete Names for ICS Units			Permian-Jurassic of New Zealand		Central Paratethys Stages	Ordovician of Ibero-Bohemia			Cambrian of China		Cenozoic Subepochs	Ordovician of Australia	Silurian of England	Cretaceous North American Land-Mammal Ages
Quaternary	Pleistocene	Late Pleistocene												Late Pleistocene				0.0117
		Chibanian												Middle Pleistocene				0.129
		Calabrian												Early Pleistocene				0.774
		Gelasian												Early Pleistocene				1.8
Neogene	Pliocene	Piacenzian	Tertiary †											Late Pliocene				2.58
	Pliocene	Zanclean												Early Pliocene				3.6
	Miocene	Messinian												Late Miocene				5.333
		Tortonian						Pannonian						Late Miocene				7.246
		Serravallian						Sarmatian						Middle Miocene				11.63
		Serravallian						Badenian										12.8 *
		Langhian																13.82
		Burdigalian												Early Miocene				15.98
		Aquitanian												Early Miocene				20.44
Paleogene	Oligocene	Chattian												Late Oligocene				23.03
	Oligocene	Rupelian												Early Oligocene				27.82
	Eocene	Priabonian												Late Eocene				33.9
		Bartonian												Middle Eocene				37.71
		Lutetian												Middle Eocene				41.2
		Ypresian												Early Eocene				47.8
	Paleocene	Thanetian												Late Paleocene				56
		Selandian												Middle Paleocene				59.2
		Danian												Early Paleocene				61.6
Cretaceous	Late Cretaceous	Maastrichtian															Lancian/Edmontonian	66
		Campanian															Judithian/Aquilan	72.1
		Santonian																83.6
		Coniacian																86.3
		Turonian																89.8
		Cenomanian																93.9
	Early Cretaceous	Albian																100.5
		Aptian																113
		Barremian																121.4
		Hauterivian																125.77
		Valanginian																132.6
		Berriasian																139.8
Jurassic	Late Jurassic	Tithonian				Oteke	Puaroan											145
		Kimmeridgian				Oteke	Puaroan											149.2
						Kawhia	Ohauan											150
							Heterian											154.5
		Oxfordian																154.8
	Middle Jurassic	Callovian																161.5
		Callovian					Temaikan											164.3
		Bathonian																165.3
		Bajocian																168.2
		Aalenian																170.9
	Early Jurassic	Toarcian																174.7
		Toarcian				Herangi	Ururoan											176
		Pliensbachian					Ururoan											184.2
		Pliensbachian					Aratauran											188.9
		Sinemurian																192.9
		Hettangian																199.5
Triassic	Late Triassic	Rhaetian				Balfour	Otapirian											201.4
		Norian					Warepan											208.5
							Otamitan											217
							Oretian											221
		Carnian					Oretian											227
		Carnian				Gore	Kaihikuan											227.5
	Middle Triassic	Ladinian					Kaihikuan											237
		Ladinian					Etalian											238
		Anisian					Etalian											242
		Anisian					Malakovian											246
	Early Triassic	Olenekian					Malakovian											247.2
		Olenekian					Nelsonian											249
		Induan					Nelsonian											251.2
		Induan				DUrville	Makarewan											251.5
Permian	Lopingian	Changhsingian		251.902			Makarewan
		Changhsingian		Waiitian	253.2
		Wuchiapingian		Waiitian	Longtanian †		254.14
		Wuchiapingian		Puruhauan	Longtanian †		254.2
	Guadalupian	Capitanian			Aparima	Flettian	259.51
		Wordian				Flettian	264.28
		Wordian				Barettian	266
		Roadian					266.9
	Cisuralian	Kungurian					273.01
		Kungurian				Mangapirian	276
		Artinskian				Mangapirian	283.5
						Telfordian	285
							288.5
		Sakmarian					290.1
		Asselian					293.52
Carboniferous	Pennsylvanian	Gzhelian					Mapingian †	298.9
		Kasimovian					Mapingian †	303.7
		Kasimovian						305.9
		Moscovian						307
		Bashkirian						315.2
	Mississippian	Serpukhovian						323.2
		Visean						330.9
		Tournaisian	346.7
Devonian	Late Devonian	Famennian	358.9
	Late Devonian	Frasnian	372.2
	Middle Devonian	Givetian	382.7
	Middle Devonian	Eifelian	387.7
	Early Devonian	Emsian	393.3
		Pragian	407.6
		Lochkovian	410.8
Silurian	Pridoli		Red Downtonian/Temeside Shales/Downton Castle					Whitcliffe/Leintwardine	419.2
	Pridoli		Red Downtonian/Temeside Shales/Downton Castle					Bringewood/Elton	421.3
	Ludlow	Ludfordian	Coalbrookdale					Wenlock (England)/Tickwood	423
		Gorstian							425.6
		Gorstian						Buildwas	426.4 *
	Wenlock	Homerian						Buildwas	427.4
		Homerian	Wych					Woolhope	428.4 *
		Sheinwoodian							430.5
	Llandovery	Telychian							433.4
		Telychian							436.3 *
		Aeronian							438.5
		Aeronian	Cowleigh Park						439.3 *
		Rhuddanian	Cowleigh Park						440.8
Ordovician	Late Ordovician	Hirnantian	Kosovian						Bolindian	443.8
		Katian	Kralodvorian						Bolindian	Bohdalec †	445.2
			Kralodvorian						Eastonian		449 *
			Berounian						Eastonian		449.7 *
									Gisbornian		452 *
		Sandbian									453
											Zahorany †/Vinice	Letna †	456.2 *
										Liben †			458 *
	Middle Ordovician	Darriwilian							Darriwilian				458.4
			Dobrotivian										458.5 *
			Oretanian										459.7 *
										Sarka †			461.7 *
		Dapingian							Klabava †	Yapeenian			467.3
			Arenigian							Yapeenian			468
										Castlemainian			468.5 *
	Early Ordovician	Floian								Chewtonian			470
										Bendigonian			471.8 *
										Lancefieldian			473.5 *
		Tremadocian	Tremadocian							Lancefieldian			477.7
		Tremadocian	Tremadocian							Warendian			482.8 *
Cambrian	Furongian	Stage 10								Niuchehean			Taoyuanian †		485.4
		Jiangshanian								Jiangshanian					489.5
		Paibian								Paibian					494
		Paibian								Paibian			Waergangian †/Youshuanian		494.9 *
	Miaolingian	Guzhangian								Series 3 †			Guzhangian		Wangcunian †	497
		Drumian		Drumian									500.5		Wangcunian †
		Wuliuan		Stage 5 †									Wuliuan/Taijangian			504.5
	Series 2	Stage 4											Duyunian			509
	Series 2	Stage 3											Nangaoian			514
	Terreneuvian	Stage 2											Meishucunian			521
		Fortunian											Meishucunian			529
		Fortunian											Jinnigian			530.7
																		538.8