PBDB Timescale

Obsolete Names for ICS Units

The interval definitions in this timescale are derived from the following sources:

W. B. Harland, R. L. Armstrong, A. V. Cox, L. E. Craig, A. G. Smith and D. G. Smith. 1990. A Geologic Time Scale 1989. view
K. M. Cohen, S.C. Finney, P.L. Gibbard and J.-X. Fan. 2023. The ICS International Chronostratigraphic Chart v2023/09. view
J. I. Raine, A. G. Beu, A. F. Boyes, H. J. Campbell, R. A. Cooper, J. S. Crampton, M. P. Crundwell, C. J. Hollis, and H. E. G. Morgans. 2015. Revised Calibration of the New Zealand Geological Timescale: NZGT2015/1. GNS Science Report 2012(39) view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, and A. G. Smith. 2004. A Geologic Time Scale 2004 1-589 view
A. G. Sennikov and V. K. Golubev. 2006. Vyazniki Biotic Assemblage of the Terminal Permian. Paleontological Journal 40(suppl. 4):S475-S481 view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, M. D. Schmitz and G. M. Ogg. 2020. Geologic Time Scale 2020 view
D. H. Erwin and S. A. Bowring. 2004. Cambrian time scale. view
B. D. Webby. 1998. Steps toward a global standard for Ordovician stratigraphy. Newsletters in Stratigraphy 36:1-33 view

There are 55 timescales which overlap this one. show

Interval boundaries marked with * have been interpolated based on the differences between the ages for international timescale boundaries quoted in the source and the currently accepted ages for those boundaries.

Interval names marked with † are no longer in current use.

This timescale is used in the definition of 92 collections

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International Chronostratigraphic Timescale			Obsolete Names for ICS Units			Permian-Jurassic of New Zealand		Cenozoic Subepochs	Permo-Triassic Subages of Eastern Europe	Cambrian of China		Cambrian of Siberia			Cretaceous Subepochs	Ordovician of Britain
Quaternary	Pleistocene	Late Pleistocene						Late Pleistocene										0.0117
		Chibanian						Middle Pleistocene										0.129
		Calabrian						Early Pleistocene										0.774
		Gelasian						Early Pleistocene										1.8
Neogene	Pliocene	Piacenzian	Tertiary †					Late Pliocene										2.58
	Pliocene	Zanclean						Early Pliocene										3.6
	Miocene	Messinian						Late Miocene										5.333
		Tortonian						Late Miocene										7.246
		Serravallian						Middle Miocene										11.63
		Langhian						Middle Miocene										13.82
		Burdigalian						Early Miocene										15.98
		Aquitanian						Early Miocene										20.44
Paleogene	Oligocene	Chattian						Late Oligocene										23.03
	Oligocene	Rupelian						Early Oligocene										27.82
	Eocene	Priabonian						Late Eocene										33.9
		Bartonian						Middle Eocene										37.71
		Lutetian						Middle Eocene										41.2
		Ypresian						Early Eocene										47.8
	Paleocene	Thanetian						Late Paleocene										56
		Selandian						Middle Paleocene										59.2
		Danian						Early Paleocene										61.6
Cretaceous	Late Cretaceous	Maastrichtian													Senonian			66
		Campanian																72.1
		Santonian																83.6
		Coniacian																86.3
		Turonian																89.8
		Cenomanian																93.9
	Early Cretaceous	Albian													Gallic			100.5
		Aptian																113
		Barremian																121.4
		Hauterivian													Neocomian			125.77
		Valanginian																132.6
		Berriasian																139.8
Jurassic	Late Jurassic	Tithonian				Oteke	Puaroan											145
		Kimmeridgian				Oteke	Puaroan											149.2
						Kawhia	Ohauan											150
							Heterian											154.5
		Oxfordian																154.8
	Middle Jurassic	Callovian																161.5
		Callovian					Temaikan											164.3
		Bathonian																165.3
		Bajocian																168.2
		Aalenian																170.9
	Early Jurassic	Toarcian																174.7
		Toarcian				Herangi	Ururoan											176
		Pliensbachian					Ururoan											184.2
		Pliensbachian					Aratauran											188.9
		Sinemurian																192.9
		Hettangian																199.5
Triassic	Late Triassic	Rhaetian				Balfour	Otapirian											201.4
		Norian					Warepan											208.5
							Otamitan											217
							Oretian											221
		Carnian					Oretian											227
		Carnian				Gore	Kaihikuan											227.5
	Middle Triassic	Ladinian					Kaihikuan											237
		Ladinian					Etalian											238
		Anisian					Etalian											242
		Anisian					Malakovian											246
	Early Triassic	Olenekian					Malakovian		Vokhmian									247.2
		Olenekian					Nelsonian											249
		Induan					Nelsonian											251.2
		Induan				DUrville	Makarewan											251.5
Permian	Lopingian	Changhsingian					Makarewan											251.902
		Changhsingian		Waiitian	253.2
		Wuchiapingian		Waiitian	Longtanian †		Late Vyatkian/Early Vyatkian		254.14
		Wuchiapingian		Puruhauan	Longtanian †		Late Vyatkian/Early Vyatkian		254.2
	Guadalupian	Capitanian			Aparima	Flettian	Late Severodvinian/Early Severodvinian		259.51
		Wordian				Flettian	Late Urzhumian/Early Urzhumian		264.28
		Wordian				Barettian	Late Urzhumian/Early Urzhumian		266
		Roadian					Late Kazanian/Early Kazanian		266.9
	Cisuralian	Kungurian							273.01
		Kungurian				Mangapirian			276
		Artinskian				Mangapirian			283.5
						Telfordian			285
									288.5
		Sakmarian							290.1
		Asselian							293.52
Carboniferous	Pennsylvanian	Gzhelian							298.9
		Kasimovian							303.7
		Moscovian							307
		Bashkirian							315.2
	Mississippian	Serpukhovian							323.2
		Visean							330.9
		Tournaisian							346.7
Devonian	Late Devonian	Famennian	358.9
	Late Devonian	Frasnian	372.2
	Middle Devonian	Givetian	382.7
	Middle Devonian	Eifelian	387.7
	Early Devonian	Emsian	393.3
		Pragian	407.6
		Lochkovian	410.8
Silurian	Pridoli		419.2
	Ludlow	Ludfordian	423
	Ludlow	Gorstian	425.6
	Wenlock	Homerian	427.4
	Wenlock	Sheinwoodian	430.5
	Llandovery	Telychian	433.4
		Aeronian	438.5
		Rhuddanian	440.8
Ordovician	Late Ordovician	Hirnantian	Ashgill					Hirnantian	443.8
		Katian						Rawtheyan	445.2
								Cautleyan	448.9 *
								Pusgillian	449.3 *
			Caradoc					Streffordian	Onnian †	449.6 *
								Cheneyan		451.5 *
								Burrellian		452.7 *
		Sandbian								453
									Actonian †	453.2 *
									Marshbrookian †	Woolstonian †	454.2 *
									Longvillian †		455.2 *
								Aurelucian	Longvillian †		456.8 *
								Aurelucian	Soudleyan †/Harnagian/Costonian		457.4 *
	Middle Ordovician	Darriwilian	Llanvirn					Llandeilian/Llandeilo/Late Llandeilo/Middle Llandeilo/Early Llandeilo/Late Llanvirn			458.4
		Darriwilian						Abereiddian/Early Llanvirn			461.3 *
		Dapingian						Abereiddian/Early Llanvirn			467.3
		Dapingian	Arenig					Fennian			468.4 *
	Early Ordovician	Floian						Fennian			470
								Whitlandian			471.1 *
								Moridunian			474.3 *
		Tremadocian	Tremadoc					Migneintian			477.7
								Cressagian			480.8 *
								Cressagian			Mansian †	483.55 *
											Mansian †	485 *
Cambrian	Furongian	Stage 10									Niuchehean	Taoyuanian †	Batyrbaian	Tavgian †	Ketyan †/Yurakian	485.4
		Jiangshanian									Jiangshanian		Batyrbaian			489.5
													Aksaian			490.7 *
													Sakian			492.2 *
		Paibian									Paibian					494
															Ensyan †/Maduan/Nganasanian	494.7 *
												Waergangian †/Youshuanian			Ensyan †/Maduan/Nganasanian	494.9 *
	Miaolingian	Guzhangian		Series 3 †							Guzhangian	Wangcunian †	Ayusokkanian			497
		Guzhangian									Guzhangian		Mayan/Menevian			499.5
		Drumian									Drumian		Mayan/Menevian			500.5
		Wuliuan									Stage 5 †	Wuliuan/Taijangian				Amgan/Solvan	504.5
	Series 2	Stage 4									Duyunian	509				Amgan/Solvan
												Toyonian		Lenian †		510 *
												Botomian				512.5 *
		Stage 3									Nangaoian	Botomian				514
		Stage 3			Atdabanian						Nangaoian	515.6 *
	Terreneuvian	Stage 2			Meishucunian						Tommotian	521
		Stage 2									Nemakit-Daldynian	525.5
		Fortunian				Manykaian †						529
		Fortunian			Jinnigian	Manykaian †						530.7
																		538.8