PBDB Timescale

Obsolete Names for ICS Units

The interval definitions in this timescale are derived from the following sources:

W. B. Harland, R. L. Armstrong, A. V. Cox, L. E. Craig, A. G. Smith and D. G. Smith. 1990. A Geologic Time Scale 1989. view
K. M. Cohen, S.C. Finney, P.L. Gibbard and J.-X. Fan. 2023. The ICS International Chronostratigraphic Chart v2023/09. view
J. I. Raine, A. G. Beu, A. F. Boyes, H. J. Campbell, R. A. Cooper, J. S. Crampton, M. P. Crundwell, C. J. Hollis, and H. E. G. Morgans. 2015. Revised Calibration of the New Zealand Geological Timescale: NZGT2015/1. GNS Science Report 2012(39) view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, and A. G. Smith. 2004. A Geologic Time Scale 2004 1-589 view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, M. D. Schmitz and G. M. Ogg. 2020. Geologic Time Scale 2020 view
F. F. Steininger, W. A. Berggren, D. V. Kent, R. L. Bernor, S. Sen and J. Agusti. 1996. Circum-Mediterranean Neogene (Miocene and Pliocene) marine-continental chronologic correlations of European mammal units. The Evolution of Western Eurasian Neogene Mammal Faunas (eds. R. L. Bernor, V. Fahlbusch, and H.-W. Mittmann) view

There are 55 timescales which overlap this one. show

Interval boundaries marked with * have been interpolated based on the differences between the ages for international timescale boundaries quoted in the source and the currently accepted ages for those boundaries.

Interval names marked with † are no longer in current use.

This timescale is used in the definition of 92 collections

Show more time

Show linear time

International Chronostratigraphic Timescale			Obsolete Names for ICS Units			Permian-Jurassic of New Zealand		Cambrian of Britain		Devonian of Eastern North America		Cambrian of Kazakhstan	European Faunal Zones	Cambrian of China		Cretaceous Subepochs
Quaternary	Pleistocene	Gelasian											MN 17				1.8
Neogene	Pliocene	Piacenzian	Tertiary †										MN 16				2.58
		Piacenzian											MN 15				3.2
		Zanclean											MN 15				3.6
													MN 14				4.2
													MN 13				4.9
	Miocene	Messinian											MN 13				5.333
		Tortonian											MN 12				7.246
													MN 11				7.75
													MN 10				8.7
													MN 9				9.7
													MN 7 + 8				11.1
		Serravallian											MN 7 + 8				11.63
		Serravallian											MN 6				12.8 *
		Langhian											MN 5				13.82
		Burdigalian											MN 4				15.98
													MN 3				16.9
													MN 2				20
		Aquitanian											MN 2				20.44
		Aquitanian											MN 1				22.4
Paleogene	Oligocene	Chattian															23.03
	Oligocene	Rupelian															27.82
	Eocene	Priabonian															33.9
		Bartonian															37.71
		Lutetian															41.2
		Ypresian															47.8
	Paleocene	Thanetian															56
		Selandian															59.2
		Danian															61.6
Cretaceous	Late Cretaceous	Maastrichtian														Senonian	66
		Campanian															72.1
		Santonian															83.6
		Coniacian															86.3
		Turonian															89.8
		Cenomanian															93.9
	Early Cretaceous	Albian														Gallic	100.5
		Aptian															113
		Barremian															121.4
		Hauterivian														Neocomian	125.77
		Valanginian															132.6
		Berriasian															139.8
Jurassic	Late Jurassic	Tithonian				Oteke	Puaroan										145
		Kimmeridgian				Oteke	Puaroan										149.2
						Kawhia	Ohauan										150
							Heterian										154.5
		Oxfordian															154.8
	Middle Jurassic	Callovian															161.5
		Callovian					Temaikan										164.3
		Bathonian															165.3
		Bajocian															168.2
		Aalenian															170.9
	Early Jurassic	Toarcian															174.7
		Toarcian				Herangi	Ururoan										176
		Pliensbachian					Ururoan										184.2
		Pliensbachian					Aratauran										188.9
		Sinemurian															192.9
		Hettangian															199.5
Triassic	Late Triassic	Rhaetian				Balfour	Otapirian										201.4
		Norian					Warepan										208.5
							Otamitan										217
							Oretian										221
		Carnian					Oretian										227
		Carnian				Gore	Kaihikuan										227.5
	Middle Triassic	Ladinian					Kaihikuan										237
		Ladinian		Etalian	238
		Anisian		Etalian	242
		Anisian		Malakovian	246
	Early Triassic	Olenekian		Malakovian	247.2
		Olenekian		Nelsonian	249
		Induan		Nelsonian	251.2
		Induan		DUrville	Makarewan	251.5
Permian	Lopingian	Changhsingian			Makarewan	251.902
		Changhsingian			Waiitian	253.2
		Wuchiapingian			Waiitian	Longtanian †	254.14
		Wuchiapingian			Puruhauan	Longtanian †	254.2
	Guadalupian	Capitanian			Aparima	Flettian	259.51
		Wordian				Flettian	264.28
		Wordian				Barettian	266
		Roadian					266.9
	Cisuralian	Kungurian					273.01
		Kungurian				Mangapirian	276
		Artinskian				Mangapirian	283.5
						Telfordian	285
							288.5
		Sakmarian					290.1
		Asselian					293.52
Carboniferous	Pennsylvanian	Gzhelian					Mapingian †	298.9
		Kasimovian					Mapingian †	303.7
		Kasimovian						305.9
		Moscovian						307
		Bashkirian						315.2
	Mississippian	Serpukhovian						323.2
		Visean						330.9
		Tournaisian	346.7
Devonian	Late Devonian	Famennian	Conewangan/Conneautan/Canadaway					Wocklum/Dasberg/Hemberg/Nehden	358.9
	Late Devonian	Frasnian	West Fallsian/Sonyean					Adorf	372.2
	Middle Devonian	Givetian	Geneseean/Taghanican/Tioughniogan					Cazenovian	Givetian	382.7
	Middle Devonian	Eifelian	Southwoodian					Cazenovian	Eifelian	387.7
	Early Devonian	Emsian	Sawkillian/Deer Parkian					Helderbergian	Emsian	393.3
		Pragian							Siegen	407.6
		Lochkovian							Gedinnine	410.8
Silurian	Pridoli									419.2
	Ludlow	Ludfordian								423
	Ludlow	Gorstian								425.6
	Wenlock	Homerian								427.4
	Wenlock	Sheinwoodian								430.5
	Llandovery	Telychian								433.4
		Aeronian								438.5
		Rhuddanian								440.8
Ordovician	Late Ordovician	Hirnantian								443.8
		Katian								445.2
		Sandbian								453
	Middle Ordovician	Darriwilian								458.4
	Middle Ordovician	Dapingian								467.3
	Early Ordovician	Floian								470
	Early Ordovician	Tremadocian								Ungurian	477.7
Cambrian	Furongian	Stage 10								Merioneth	Dolgellian/Trempealeauan	Batyrbaian	Niuchehean	Taoyuanian †	485.4
		Stage 10									Festiniogian		Niuchehean		489.2 *
		Jiangshanian											Jiangshanian		489.5
												Aksaian			490.7 *
												Sakian			492.2 *
											Maentwrogian				493.1 *
		Paibian											Paibian		494
		Paibian											Paibian	Waergangian †/Youshuanian	494.9 *
	Miaolingian	Guzhangian								Series 3 †	St Davids		Ayusokkanian	Guzhangian	Wangcunian †	497
		Guzhangian												Guzhangian		499.5
		Drumian											Zhanaarykian	Drumian		500.5
		Drumian											Tuesaian	Drumian		503
		Wuliuan		Stage 5 †									Tuesaian	Wuliuan/Taijangian		504.5
		Wuliuan		Stage 5 †										Wuliuan/Taijangian		505.3
	Series 2	Stage 4									Caerfai			Duyunian		509
													Toyonian			510 *
													Botomian			512.5 *
		Stage 3											Botomian	Nangaoian		514
		Stage 3											Atdabanian	Nangaoian		515.6 *
	Terreneuvian	Stage 2											Tommotian	Meishucunian		521
		Stage 2														525.5
		Fortunian														529
		Fortunian												Jinnigian		530.7
																	538.8