PBDB Timescale

Obsolete Names for ICS Units

The interval definitions in this timescale are derived from the following sources:

W. B. Harland, R. L. Armstrong, A. V. Cox, L. E. Craig, A. G. Smith and D. G. Smith. 1990. A Geologic Time Scale 1989. view
K. M. Cohen, S.C. Finney, P.L. Gibbard and J.-X. Fan. 2023. The ICS International Chronostratigraphic Chart v2023/09. view
J. I. Raine, A. G. Beu, A. F. Boyes, H. J. Campbell, R. A. Cooper, J. S. Crampton, M. P. Crundwell, C. J. Hollis, and H. E. G. Morgans. 2015. Revised Calibration of the New Zealand Geological Timescale: NZGT2015/1. GNS Science Report 2012(39) view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, M. D. Schmitz and G. M. Ogg. 2020. Geologic Time Scale 2020 view
J. A. Lillegraven and M. C. McKenna. 1986. Fossil mammals from the "Mesaverde" Formation (Late Cretaceous, Judithian) of the Bighorn and Wind River basins, Wyoming, with definitions of Late Cretaceous North American Land-Mammal "Ages". American Museum Novitates 2840:1-68 view
J. Meng and M. C. McKenna. 1998. Faunal turnovers of Paleogene mammals from the Mongolian Plateau. Nature 394:364-367 view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, and A. G. Smith. 2004. A Geologic Time Scale 2004 1-589 view

There are 55 timescales which overlap this one. show

Interval boundaries marked with * have been interpolated based on the differences between the ages for international timescale boundaries quoted in the source and the currently accepted ages for those boundaries.

Interval names marked with † are no longer in current use.

This timescale is used in the definition of 92 collections

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International Chronostratigraphic Timescale			Obsolete Names for ICS Units			Permian-Jurassic of New Zealand		Cambrian of West Avalonia	Ordovician of Ibero-Bohemia				Cretaceous North American Land-Mammal Ages	Paleogene Mammal Ages of Asia
Neogene	Pliocene	Piacenzian	Tertiary †													2.58
	Pliocene	Zanclean														3.6
	Miocene	Messinian														5.333
		Tortonian														7.246
		Serravallian														11.63
		Langhian														13.82
		Burdigalian														15.98
		Aquitanian														20.44
Paleogene	Oligocene	Chattian												Tabenbulakian	Hsandagolian	23.03
	Oligocene	Rupelian												Kekeamuan	Hsandagolian	27.82
	Eocene	Priabonian												Houldjinian/Ergilian/Ulangochuian		33.9
		Bartonian												Sharamurunian/Irdinmanhan/Arshantan		37.71
		Lutetian														41.2
		Ypresian													Bumbanian	47.8
	Paleocene	Thanetian												Gashatan		56
		Selandian														59.2
		Danian														61.6
Cretaceous	Late Cretaceous	Maastrichtian											Lancian/Edmontonian			66
		Campanian											Judithian/Aquilan			72.1
		Santonian														83.6
		Coniacian														86.3
		Turonian														89.8
		Cenomanian														93.9
	Early Cretaceous	Albian														100.5
		Aptian														113
		Barremian														121.4
		Hauterivian														125.77
		Valanginian														132.6
		Berriasian														139.8
Jurassic	Late Jurassic	Tithonian				Oteke	Puaroan									145
		Kimmeridgian				Oteke	Puaroan									149.2
						Kawhia	Ohauan									150
							Heterian									154.5
		Oxfordian														154.8
	Middle Jurassic	Callovian														161.5
		Callovian					Temaikan									164.3
		Bathonian														165.3
		Bajocian														168.2
		Aalenian														170.9
	Early Jurassic	Toarcian														174.7
		Toarcian				Herangi	Ururoan									176
		Pliensbachian					Ururoan									184.2
		Pliensbachian					Aratauran									188.9
		Sinemurian														192.9
		Hettangian														199.5
Triassic	Late Triassic	Rhaetian				Balfour	Otapirian									201.4
		Norian					Warepan									208.5
							Otamitan									217
							Oretian									221
		Carnian					Oretian									227
		Carnian				Gore	Kaihikuan									227.5
	Middle Triassic	Ladinian					Kaihikuan									237
		Ladinian					Etalian									238
		Anisian					Etalian									242
		Anisian					Malakovian									246
	Early Triassic	Olenekian					Malakovian									247.2
		Olenekian					Nelsonian									249
		Induan					Nelsonian									251.2
		Induan				DUrville	Makarewan									251.5
Permian	Lopingian	Changhsingian					Makarewan									251.902
		Changhsingian					Waiitian									253.2
		Wuchiapingian		Longtanian †			Waiitian									254.14
		Wuchiapingian		Longtanian †			Puruhauan									254.2
	Guadalupian	Capitanian				Aparima	Flettian									259.51
		Wordian			264.28		Flettian
		Wordian			Barettian		266
		Roadian					266.9
	Cisuralian	Kungurian					273.01
		Kungurian			Mangapirian		276
		Artinskian			Mangapirian		283.5
					Telfordian		285
							288.5
		Sakmarian					290.1
		Asselian					293.52
Carboniferous	Pennsylvanian	Gzhelian					Mapingian †	298.9
		Kasimovian					Mapingian †	303.7
		Kasimovian						305.9
		Moscovian						307
		Bashkirian						315.2
	Mississippian	Serpukhovian						323.2
		Visean						330.9
		Tournaisian	346.7
Devonian	Late Devonian	Famennian	358.9
	Late Devonian	Frasnian	372.2
	Middle Devonian	Givetian	382.7
	Middle Devonian	Eifelian	387.7
	Early Devonian	Emsian	393.3
		Pragian	407.6
		Lochkovian	410.8
Silurian	Pridoli		419.2
	Ludlow	Ludfordian	423
	Ludlow	Gorstian	425.6
	Wenlock	Homerian	427.4
	Wenlock	Sheinwoodian	430.5
	Llandovery	Telychian	433.4
		Aeronian	438.5
		Rhuddanian	440.8
Ordovician	Late Ordovician	Hirnantian	Kosovian					443.8
		Katian	Kralodvorian					Bohdalec †	445.2
		Katian	Berounian						449.7 *
		Sandbian							453
									Zahorany †/Vinice	Letna †	456.2 *
								Liben †			458 *
	Middle Ordovician	Darriwilian									458.4
			Dobrotivian								458.5 *
			Oretanian								459.7 *
								Sarka †			461.7 *
		Dapingian						Klabava †			467.3
		Dapingian	Arenigian								468
	Early Ordovician	Floian	Arenigian								470
	Early Ordovician	Tremadocian	Tremadocian								477.7
Cambrian	Furongian	Stage 10									485.4
		Jiangshanian									489.5
		Paibian									494
	Miaolingian	Guzhangian									Series 3 †	497
		Guzhangian										Arcadian	498.4
		Drumian											500.5
		Wuliuan		Stage 5 †									504.5
	Series 2	Stage 4										Branchian	509
		Stage 3										Branchian	514
		Stage 3										Placentian	517.1
	Terreneuvian	Stage 2											521
	Terreneuvian	Fortunian											529
																538.8